Skip to main content
PMC home page
The Journal of Hygiene logoLink to The Journal of Hygiene
. 1972 Dec;70(4):767–777. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400022610

The role of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting antibody in protection against challenge infection with influenza A2 and B viruses

D Hobson, R L Curry, A S Beare, A Ward-Gardner
PMCID: PMC2130285  PMID: 4509641

Abstract

The intranasal inoculation of volunteers with living partially attenuated strains of influenza A and B viruses offers a new opportunity to determine the protective effect of serum haemagglutin-inhibiting antibody against a strictly homologous virus, under conditions where the time and dosage of the infective challenge can be controlled, the scoring of proven infections can be more precise and higher rates of infection can be achieved than in most natural epidemics.

In 1032 adult volunteers, whose serum HI antibody titre was determined immediately before virus challenge, there was a consistent inverse quantitative relationship between the HI titre and the likelihood of infection. The PD 50 (50% protective dose) of HI antibody was 1/18-1/36, but an unusual finding was that volunteers with no detectable pre-challenge antibody often seem to be less susceptible to infection than those with pre-challenge antibody in low titre.

In one group of volunteers challenged with an influenza B strain there was no evidence that pre-challenge antibody titres against viral neuraminidase had any significant protective effect against challenge infection.

Full text

PDF
771

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Allison A. C. Genetic factors in resistance against virus infections. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch. 1965;17(2):280–294. doi: 10.1007/BF01267912. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. BASHE W. J., Jr, STEGMILLER H., LEONIDA D., GREENWALD P. FAILURE OF POLYVALENT VACCINE TO PROVIDE CLINICAL PROTECTION AGAINST ASIAN INFLUENZA. N Engl J Med. 1964 Apr 23;270:870–874. doi: 10.1056/NEJM196404232701703. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Beare A. S., Hobson D., Reed S. E., Tyrrell D. A. A comparison of live and killed influenza-virus vaccines. Report to the Medical Research Council's Committee on Influenza and other Respiratory Virus Vaccines. Lancet. 1968 Aug 24;2(7565):418–422. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(68)90463-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Beare A. S., Maassab H. F., Tyrrell D. A., Slepuskin A. N., Hall T. S. A comparative study of attenuated influenza viruses. Bull World Health Organ. 1971;44(5):593–598. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Beare A. S., Tyrrell D. A., Hobson D., Howells C. H., Pereira M. S., Pollock T. M., Tyler L. E. Live influenza B vaccine in volunteers. A report to the Medical Research Council by their Committee on Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Vaccines. J Hyg (Lond) 1969 Mar;67(1):1–11. doi: 10.1017/s002217240004136x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Downie J. C. Neuraminidase- and hemagglutinin-inhibiting antibodies in serum and nasal secretions of volunteers immunized with attenuated and inactivated influenza B-Eng-13-65 virus vaccines. J Immunol. 1970 Sep;105(3):620–626. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Downie J. C., Stuart-Harris C. H. The production of neutralizing activity in serum and nasal secretion following immunization with influenza B virus. J Hyg (Lond) 1970 Jun;68(2):233–244. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400028709. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Easterday B., Laver W. G., Pereira H. G., Schild G. C. Antigenic composition of recombinant virus strains produced from human and avian influenza A viruses. J Gen Virol. 1969 Jul;5(1):83–91. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-5-1-83. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. HOBSON D., LANE C. A., BEARE A. S., CHIVERS C. P. SEROLOGICAL STUDIES ON ADULT VOLUNTEERS INOCULATED WITH OIL-ADJUVANT ASIAN INFLUENZA VACCINE. REPORT TO THE M.R.C. COMMITTEE ON INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUS VACCINES. Br Med J. 1964 Aug 1;2(5404):271–274. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5404.271. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. LINDENMANN J., LANE C. A., HOBSON D. THE RESISTANCE OF A2G MICE TO MYXOVIRUSES. J Immunol. 1963 Jun;90:942–951. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. MEIKLEJOHN G., KEMPE C. H., THALMAN W. G., LENNETTE E. H. Evaluation of monovalent influenza vaccines. II. Observations during an influenza a-prime epidemic. Am J Hyg. 1952 Jan;55(1):12–21. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a119500. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Maynard J. E., Dull H. B., Hanson M. L., Feltz E. T., Berger R., Hammes L. Evaluation of monovalent and polyvalent influenza vaccines during an epidemic of type A2 and B influenza. Am J Epidemiol. 1968 Jan;87(1):148–157. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120795. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. McDonald J. C., Zuckerman A. J. ABO Blood Groups and Acute Respiratory Virus Disease. Br Med J. 1962 Jul 14;2(5297):89–90. doi: 10.1136/bmj.2.5297.89. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. McDonald J. C., Zuckerman A. J., Beare A. S., Tyrrell D. A. Trials of Live Influenza Vaccine in the Royal Air Force. Br Med J. 1962 Apr 14;1(5284):1036–1042. doi: 10.1136/bmj.1.5284.1036. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Potter C. W. HI antibody to various influenza viruses and adenoviruses in individuals of blood groups A and O. J Hyg (Lond) 1969 Mar;67(1):67–74. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400041437. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Schild G. C. Antibody against influenza A2 virus neuraminidase in human sera. J Hyg (Lond) 1969 Jun;67(2):353–365. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400041759. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Slepushkin A. N., Schild G. C., Beare A. S., Chinn S., Tyrrell D. A. Neuraminidase and resistance to vaccination with live influenza A2 Hong Kong vaccines. J Hyg (Lond) 1971 Dec;69(4):571–578. doi: 10.1017/s0022172400021847. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Webster R. G., Laver W. G. Preparation and properties of antibody directed specifically against the neuraminidase of influenza virus. J Immunol. 1967 Jul;99(1):49–55. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from The Journal of Hygiene are provided here courtesy of Cambridge University Press

RESOURCES