Skip to main content
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1990 Sep;172(9):5180–5186. doi: 10.1128/jb.172.9.5180-5186.1990

Sequence analysis of conserved regA and variable orf43.1 genes in T4-like bacteriophages.

E S Miller 1, C E Jozwik 1
PMCID: PMC213179  PMID: 2168375

Abstract

Bacteriophage T4 RegA protein is a translational repressor of several phage mRNAs. In the T4-related phages examined, regA nucleotide sequences are highly conserved and the inferred amino acid sequences are identical. The exceptional phage, RB69, did not produce a RegA protein reproducibly identifiable by Western blots (immunoblots) nor did it produce mRNA that hybridized to T4 regA primers. Nucleotide sequences of either 223 or 250 base pairs were identified immediately 3' to regA in RB18 and RB51 that were absent in T-even phages. Open reading frames in these regions, designated orf43.1RB18 and orf43.1RB51, potentially encode related proteins of 8.5 and 9.2 kilodaltons, respectively. orf43.1 sequences, detected in 13 of 27 RB bacteriophage chromosomes analyzed by polymerase chain reaction, are either RB18- or RB51-like and have flanking repeat sequences that may promote orf43.1 deletion.

Full text

PDF
5182

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Andrake M., Guild N., Hsu T., Gold L., Tuerk C., Karam J. DNA polymerase of bacteriophage T4 is an autogenous translational repressor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Nov;85(21):7942–7946. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.21.7942. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Cech T. R. Conserved sequences and structures of group I introns: building an active site for RNA catalysis--a review. Gene. 1988 Dec 20;73(2):259–271. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(88)90492-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Denoya C. D., Bechhofer D. H., Dubnau D. Translational autoregulation of ermC 23S rRNA methyltransferase expression in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1986 Dec;168(3):1133–1141. doi: 10.1128/jb.168.3.1133-1141.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Devereux J., Haeberli P., Smithies O. A comprehensive set of sequence analysis programs for the VAX. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 11;12(1 Pt 1):387–395. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.1part1.387. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Gerald W. L., Karam J. D. Expression of a DNA replication gene cluster in bacteriophage T4: genetic linkage and the control of gene product interactions. Genetics. 1984 Aug;107(4):537–549. doi: 10.1093/genetics/107.4.537. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Gold L. Posttranscriptional regulatory mechanisms in Escherichia coli. Annu Rev Biochem. 1988;57:199–233. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.57.070188.001215. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gott J. M., Shub D. A., Belfort M. Multiple self-splicing introns in bacteriophage T4: evidence from autocatalytic GTP labeling of RNA in vitro. Cell. 1986 Oct 10;47(1):81–87. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90368-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Gribskov M., Devereux J., Burgess R. R. The codon preference plot: graphic analysis of protein coding sequences and prediction of gene expression. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 11;12(1 Pt 2):539–549. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.1part2.539. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Guild N., Gayle M., Sweeney R., Hollingsworth T., Modeer T., Gold L. Transcriptional activation of bacteriophage T4 middle promoters by the motA protein. J Mol Biol. 1988 Jan 20;199(2):241–258. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(88)90311-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Inoue T., Cech T. R. Secondary structure of the circular form of the Tetrahymena rRNA intervening sequence: a technique for RNA structure analysis using chemical probes and reverse transcriptase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Feb;82(3):648–652. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.3.648. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Karam J., Gold L., Singer B. S., Dawson M. Translational regulation: identification of the site on bacteriophage T4 rIIB mRNA recognized by the regA gene function. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Aug;78(8):4669–4673. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.8.4669. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. McPheeters D. S., Christensen A., Young E. T., Stormo G., Gold L. Translational regulation of expression of the bacteriophage T4 lysozyme gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1986 Jul 25;14(14):5813–5826. doi: 10.1093/nar/14.14.5813. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. McPheeters D. S., Stormo G. D., Gold L. Autogenous regulatory site on the bacteriophage T4 gene 32 messenger RNA. J Mol Biol. 1988 Jun 5;201(3):517–535. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(88)90634-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Miller E. S., Karam J., Dawson M., Trojanowska M., Gauss P., Gold L. Translational repression: biological activity of plasmid-encoded bacteriophage T4 RegA protein. J Mol Biol. 1987 Apr 5;194(3):397–410. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(87)90670-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Miller E. S., Winter R. B., Campbell K. M., Power S. D., Gold L. Bacteriophage T4 regA protein. Purification of a translational repressor. J Biol Chem. 1985 Oct 25;260(24):13053–13059. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Pearson W. R., Lipman D. J. Improved tools for biological sequence comparison. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Apr;85(8):2444–2448. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.8.2444. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Quirk S. M., Bell-Pedersen D., Belfort M. Intron mobility in the T-even phages: high frequency inheritance of group I introns promoted by intron open reading frames. Cell. 1989 Feb 10;56(3):455–465. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(89)90248-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Quirk S. M., Bell-Pedersen D., Tomaschewski J., Rüger W., Belfort M. The inconsistent distribution of introns in the T-even phages indicates recent genetic exchanges. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Jan 11;17(1):301–315. doi: 10.1093/nar/17.1.301. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Rouault T. A., Hentze M. W., Caughman S. W., Harford J. B., Klausner R. D. Binding of a cytosolic protein to the iron-responsive element of human ferritin messenger RNA. Science. 1988 Sep 2;241(4870):1207–1210. doi: 10.1126/science.3413484. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Ruckman J., Parma D., Tuerk C., Hall D. H., Gold L. Identification of a T4 gene required for bacteriophage mRNA processing. New Biol. 1989 Oct;1(1):54–65. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Russell R. L. Comparative genetics of the T-even bacteriophages. Genetics. 1974 Dec;78(4):967–988. doi: 10.1093/genetics/78.4.967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Russell R. L., Huskey R. J. Partial exclusion between T-even bacteriophages: an incipient genetic isolation mechanism. Genetics. 1974 Dec;78(4):989–1014. doi: 10.1093/genetics/78.4.989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Saiki R. K., Gelfand D. H., Stoffel S., Scharf S. J., Higuchi R., Horn G. T., Mullis K. B., Erlich H. A. Primer-directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a thermostable DNA polymerase. Science. 1988 Jan 29;239(4839):487–491. doi: 10.1126/science.2448875. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Singer B. S., Westlye J. Deletion formation in bacteriophage T4. J Mol Biol. 1988 Jul 20;202(2):233–243. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(88)90454-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Trojanowska M., Miller E. S., Karam J., Stormo G., Gold L. The bacteriophage T4 regA gene: primary sequence of a translational repressor. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Aug 10;12(15):5979–5993. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.15.5979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Tuerk C., Gauss P., Thermes C., Groebe D. R., Gayle M., Guild N., Stormo G., d'Aubenton-Carafa Y., Uhlenbeck O. C., Tinoco I., Jr CUUCGG hairpins: extraordinarily stable RNA secondary structures associated with various biochemical processes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Mar;85(5):1364–1368. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.5.1364. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Uhlenbeck O. C., Carey J., Romaniuk P. J., Lowary P. T., Beckett D. Interaction of R17 coat protein with its RNA binding site for translational repression. J Biomol Struct Dyn. 1983 Oct;1(2):539–552. doi: 10.1080/07391102.1983.10507460. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Uzan M., Favre R., Brody E. A nuclease that cuts specifically in the ribosome binding site of some T4 mRNAs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Dec;85(23):8895–8899. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.23.8895. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Webster K. R., Adari H. Y., Spicer E. K. Bacteriophage T4 regA protein binds to the Shine-Dalgarno region of gene 44 mRNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Dec 11;17(23):10047–10068. doi: 10.1093/nar/17.23.10047. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Winter R. B., Morrissey L., Gauss P., Gold L., Hsu T., Karam J. Bacteriophage T4 regA protein binds to mRNAs and prevents translation initiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Nov;84(22):7822–7826. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.22.7822. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES