Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Epidemiology and Infection logoLink to Epidemiology and Infection
. 1993 Feb;110(1):17–22. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800050639

A comparison of Salmonella enteritidis phage types from egg-associated outbreaks and implicated laying flocks.

S Altekruse 1, J Koehler 1, F Hickman-Brenner 1, R V Tauxe 1, K Ferris 1
PMCID: PMC2271964  PMID: 8432319

Abstract

Infections due to Salmonella enteritidis are increasing worldwide. In the United States, between 1985 and 1989, 78% of the S. enteritidis outbreaks in which a food vehicle was identified implicated a food containing raw or lightly cooked shell eggs. Under a US Department of Agriculture regulation published in 1990, eggs implicated in human food-borne S. enteritidis outbreaks were traced back to the source flock. The flock environment and the internal organs of a sample of hens were tested for S. enteritidis. We compared the S. enteritidis phage types of isolates from 18 human, egg-associated outbreaks and the 15 flocks implicated through traceback of these outbreaks. The predominant human outbreak phage type was recovered from the environment in 100% of implicated flocks and from the internal organs of hens in 88% of implicated flocks we tested. The results support the use of phage typing as a tool to identify flocks involved in human S. enteritidis outbreaks.

Full text

PDF
22

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Centers for Disease Control (CDC) Update: Salmonella enteritidis infections and shell eggs--United States, 1990. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 1990 Dec 21;39(50):909–912. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Chalker R. B., Blaser M. J. A review of human salmonellosis: III. Magnitude of Salmonella infection in the United States. Rev Infect Dis. 1988 Jan-Feb;10(1):111–124. doi: 10.1093/clinids/10.1.111. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Gast R. K., Beard C. W. Production of Salmonella enteritidis-contaminated eggs by experimentally infected hens. Avian Dis. 1990 Apr-Jun;34(2):438–446. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Hickman-Brenner F. W., Stubbs A. D., Farmer J. J., 3rd Phage typing of Salmonella enteritidis in the United States. J Clin Microbiol. 1991 Dec;29(12):2817–2823. doi: 10.1128/jcm.29.12.2817-2823.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Humphrey T. J., Baskerville A., Mawer S., Rowe B., Hopper S. Salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 from the contents of intact eggs: a study involving naturally infected hens. Epidemiol Infect. 1989 Dec;103(3):415–423. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800030818. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Miller R. G., Tate C. R., Mallinson E. T., Scherrer J. A. Xylose-lysine-tergitol 4: an improved selective agar medium for the isolation of Salmonella. Poult Sci. 1991 Dec;70(12):2429–2432. doi: 10.3382/ps.0702429. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Rodrigue D. C., Tauxe R. V., Rowe B. International increase in Salmonella enteritidis: a new pandemic? Epidemiol Infect. 1990 Aug;105(1):21–27. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800047609. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. St Louis M. E., Morse D. L., Potter M. E., DeMelfi T. M., Guzewich J. J., Tauxe R. V., Blake P. A. The emergence of grade A eggs as a major source of Salmonella enteritidis infections. New implications for the control of salmonellosis. JAMA. 1988 Apr 8;259(14):2103–2107. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Telzak E. E., Budnick L. D., Greenberg M. S., Blum S., Shayegani M., Benson C. E., Schultz S. A nosocomial outbreak of Salmonella enteritidis infection due to the consumption of raw eggs. N Engl J Med. 1990 Aug 9;323(6):394–397. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199008093230607. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Ward L. R., de Sa J. D., Rowe B. A phage-typing scheme for Salmonella enteritidis. Epidemiol Infect. 1987 Oct;99(2):291–294. doi: 10.1017/s0950268800067765. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Epidemiology and Infection are provided here courtesy of Cambridge University Press

RESOURCES