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. 1993 Aug;67(8):5020–5024. doi: 10.1128/jvi.67.8.5020-5024.1993

TAR loop-dependent human immunodeficiency virus trans activation requires factors encoded on human chromosome 12.

C E Hart 1, J C Galphin 1, M A Westhafer 1, G Schochetman 1
PMCID: PMC237890  PMID: 8331737

Abstract

The trans-activator response region (TAR) RNA in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 long terminal repeat forms stem-loop secondary structures in which the loop sequence is essential for trans activation. We investigated how the HIV trans-activation mechanism encoded on human chromosome 12 relates to the TAR RNA loop-dependent pathway. DNA transfection experiments showed that trans activation in human-hamster hybrid cells with the single human chromosome 12 and human T-cell lines was highly dependent on the native sequences of the HIV-1 TAR loop and the HIV-2 5' TAR loop. In nonhuman cell lines or hybrid cells without chromosome 12 that supported trans activation, the cellular mechanism was independent of the HIV-1 TAR loop and the response to mutations in the HIV-2 TAR loops differed from that found in human T-cell lines and human-hamster hybrid cells with chromosome 12. Our results suggest that the human chromosome 12 mechanism interacts directly with the TAR RNA loop or indirectly by regulating TAR RNA-binding proteins.

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Selected References

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