Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OA), an important foodborne mycotoxin, is a potent teratogenic and nephrotoxic agent produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium. OA is a known inhibitor of protein synthesis via competition with phenylalanine (Phe) in the phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase-catalyzed reaction. It also has been reported that a variety of toxic effects of OA can be prevented by Phe. This study was designed to determine whether Phe could prevent or diminish the teratogenic effects of OA in rats. Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were injected with a single individual dose of OA (1.75 mg/kg) alone or in combination with a single dose of Phe (20 mg/kg) or in combination with either a single or daily dose of Phe (25 mg/kg). OA dissolved in 5% sodium bicarbonate and Phe dissolved in normal saline were administered subcutaneously on gestation day 7 to rats. The incidences of OA-induced fetal malformations (gross and skeletal) were significantly diminished in the presence of added Phe. These results indicate that coadministered Phe provides partial prenatal protection from the teratogenic effects of OA.
Full text
PDFSelected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Brown M. H., Szczech G. M., Purmalis B. P. Teratogenic and toxic effects of ochratoxin A in rats. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1976 Aug;37(2):331–338. doi: 10.1016/0041-008x(76)90096-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bunge I., Dirheimer G., Röschenthaler R. In vivo and in vitro inhibition of protein synthesis in Bacillus stearothermophilus by ochratoxin A. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1978 Jul 28;83(2):398–405. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(78)91004-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Creppy E. E., Lugnier A. A., Beck G., Röschenthaler R., Dirheimer G. Action of ochratoxin A on cultured hepatoma cells--reversion of inhibition by phenylalanine. FEBS Lett. 1979 Aug 15;104(2):287–290. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(79)80834-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Creppy E. E., Lugnier A. A., Fasiolo F., Heller K., Röschenthaler R., Dirheimer G. In vitro inhibition of yeast phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase by ochratoxin A. Chem Biol Interact. 1979 Feb;24(2):257–261. doi: 10.1016/0009-2797(79)90013-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Creppy E. E., Schlegel M., Röschenthaler R., Dirheimer G. Phenylalanine prevents acute poisoning by ochratoxina in mice. Toxicol Lett. 1980 Jul;6(2):77–80. doi: 10.1016/0378-4274(80)90171-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Haubeck H. D., Lorkowski G., Kölsch E., Röschenthaler R. Immunosuppression by ochratoxin A and its prevention by phenylalanine. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1981 Apr;41(4):1040–1042. doi: 10.1128/aem.41.4.1040-1042.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hayes A. W., Hood R. D., Lee H. L. Teratogenic effects of ochratoxin A in mice. Teratology. 1974 Feb;9(1):93–97. doi: 10.1002/tera.1420090112. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hood R. D., Naughton M. J., Hayes A. W. Prenatal effects of Ochratoxin A in hamsters. Teratology. 1976 Feb;13(1):11–14. doi: 10.1002/tera.1420130103. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Klinkert W., Lorkowski G., Creppy E. E., Dirheimer G., Röschenthaler R. Inhibition of macrophage migration by ochratoxin A and citrinin, and prevention by phenylalanine of the ochratoxin A-induced inhibition. Toxicol Eur Res. 1981 Jul;3(4):185–189. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Krogh P., Axelsen N. H., Elling F., Gyrd-Hansen N., Hald B., Hyldgaard-Jensen J., Larsen A. E., Madsen A., Mortensen H. P., Moller T. Experimental porcine nephropathy. Changes of renal function and structure induced by ochratoxin A- contaminated feed. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand Suppl. 1974;0(Suppl 246):1–21. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Krogh P., Hald B., Plestina R., Ceović S. Balkan (endemic) nephropathy and foodborn ochratoxin A: preliminary results of a survey of foodstuffs. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B. 1977 Jun;85(3):238–240. doi: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1977.tb01702.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mayura K., Reddy R. V., Hayes A. W., Berndt W. O. Embryocidal, fetotoxic and teratogenic effects of ochratoxin A in rats. Toxicology. 1982;25(2-3):175–185. doi: 10.1016/0300-483x(82)90028-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Schnell V., Newberne J. W. Accelerated clearing and staining of teratologic specimens by heart and light. Teratology. 1970 Nov;3(4):345–348. doi: 10.1002/tera.1420030411. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Scott P. M., Van Walbeek W., Kennedy B., Anyeti D. Mycotoxins (ochratoxin A, citrinin, and sterigmatocystin) and toxigenic fungi in grains and other agricultural products. J Agric Food Chem. 1972 Nov-Dec;20(6):1103–1109. doi: 10.1021/jf60184a010. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]