Skip to main content
Applied and Environmental Microbiology logoLink to Applied and Environmental Microbiology
. 1981 Apr;41(4):1074–1077. doi: 10.1128/aem.41.4.1074-1077.1981

Identification, distribution, and toxigenicity of obligate anaerobes in polluted waters.

O P Daily, S W Joseph, J D Gillmore, R R Colwell, R J Seidler
PMCID: PMC243864  PMID: 7235706

Abstract

A seasonal occurrence of obligately anaerobic bacteria, predominantly of the genera Bacteroides and Clostridium, in a polluted water site has been observed. The number of anaerobes varied from 1.8 X 10(3) cells/ml in the warmer months to 10 cells/ml in winter. Several isolates were toxigenic, indicating a potential human health hazard.

Full text

PDF
1076

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Black R. E., Craun G. F., Blake P. A. Epidemiology of common-source outbreaks of shigellosis in the United States, 1961-1975. Am J Epidemiol. 1978 Jul;108(1):47–52. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Blake P. A., Merson M. H., Weaver R. E., Hollis D. G., Heublein P. C. Disease caused by a marine Vibrio. Clinical characteristics and epidemiology. N Engl J Med. 1979 Jan 4;300(1):1–5. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197901043000101. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bott T. L., Deffner J. S., McCoy E., Foster E. M. Clostridium botulinum type E in fish from the Great Lakes. J Bacteriol. 1966 Mar;91(3):919–924. doi: 10.1128/jb.91.3.919-924.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chakrabarty A. K., Narayan K. G., Chandiramani N. K. Association of Clostridium perfringens type A with human diarrhoeal cases. Indian J Med Res. 1977 Apr;65(4):495–499. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cumberbatch N., Gurwith M. J., Langston C., Sack R. B., Brunton J. L. Cytotoxic enterotoxin produced by Aeromonas hydrophila: relationship of toxigenic isolates to diarrheal disease. Infect Immun. 1979 Mar;23(3):829–837. doi: 10.1128/iai.23.3.829-837.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Gregory E. M., Moore W. E., Holdeman L. V. Superoxide dismutase in anaerobes: survey. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1978 May;35(5):988–991. doi: 10.1128/aem.35.5.988-991.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hanson C. W., Cassorla R., Martin W. J. API and Minitek systems in identification of clinical isolates of anaerobic gram-negative bacilli and Clostridium species. J Clin Microbiol. 1979 Jul;10(1):14–18. doi: 10.1128/jcm.10.1.14-18.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hanson P. G., Standridge J., Jarrett F., Maki D. G. Freshwater wound infection due to Aeromonas hydrophila. JAMA. 1977 Sep 5;238(10):1053–1054. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Joseph S. W., Daily O. P., Hunt W. S., Seidler R. J., Allen D. A., Colwell R. R. Aeromonas primary wound infection of a diver in polluted waters. J Clin Microbiol. 1979 Jul;10(1):46–49. doi: 10.1128/jcm.10.1.46-49.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. McDonel J. L., Duncan C. L. Regional localization of activity of Clostridium perfringens type A enterotoxin in the rabbit ileum, jejunum, and duodenum. J Infect Dis. 1977 Nov;136(5):661–666. doi: 10.1093/infdis/136.5.661. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Pai C. H., Mors V., Toma S. Prevalence of enterotoxigenicity in human and nonhuman isolates of Yersinia enterocolitica. Infect Immun. 1978 Nov;22(2):334–338. doi: 10.1128/iai.22.2.334-338.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Privalle C. T., Gregory E. M. Superoxide dismutase and O2 lethality in Bacteroides fragilis. J Bacteriol. 1979 Apr;138(1):139–145. doi: 10.1128/jb.138.1.139-145.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Seidler R. J., Allen D. A., Lockman H., Colwell R. R., Joseph S. W., Daily O. P. Isolation, enumeration, and characterization of Aeromonas from polluted waters encountered in diving operations. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1980 May;39(5):1010–1018. doi: 10.1128/aem.39.5.1010-1018.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Spite G. T., Brown D. F., Twedt R. M. Isolation of an enteropathogenic, Kanagawa-positive strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus from seafood implicated in acute gastroenteritis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1978 Jun;35(6):1226–1227. doi: 10.1128/aem.35.6.1226-1227.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Tanasugarn L. Clostridium botulinum in the Gulf of Thailand. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1979 Feb;37(2):194–197. doi: 10.1128/aem.37.2.194-197.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Applied and Environmental Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES