Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1973 Mar;113(3):1289–1295. doi: 10.1128/jb.113.3.1289-1295.1973

Macromolecular Synthesis During the Germination of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Spores

Paul Rousseau a,1, Harlyn O Halvorson b
PMCID: PMC251696  PMID: 4570780

Abstract

After the dormancy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae ascospores had been broken, the synthesis of proteins was observed first, followed rapidly by synthesis of ribonucleic acid (RNA) and much later by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis. Phosphoglucomutase activity increased in a periodic (step) fashion, whereas the activity of five other enzymes increased linearly during germination and outgrowth. The rate of synthesis of these enzymes was highest at about the period of DNA replication. The amino acid pools of dormant spores contained high levels of proline, glutamic acid, and histidine. At 2 h after onset of germination, the pools of phenylalanine and methionine had disappeared and the other components had decreased significantly. By 3.5 h, with the exception of proline and cystine, most amino acid pool components had significantly increased.

Full text

PDF
1291

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Aitken W. B., Niederpruem D. J. Ultrastructural changes and biochemical events in basidiospore germination of Schizophyllum commune. J Bacteriol. 1970 Nov;104(2):981–988. doi: 10.1128/jb.104.2.981-988.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Atkinson D. E. Regulation of enzyme function. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1969;23:47–68. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.23.100169.000403. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. BURNS V. W. REGULATION AND COORDINATION OF PURINE AND PYRIMIDINE BIOSYNTHESES IN YEAST. I. REGULATION OF PURINE BIOSYNTHESIS AND ITS RELATION TO TRANSIENT CHANGES IN INTRACELLULAR NUCLEOTIDE LEVELS. Biophys J. 1964 May;4:151–166. doi: 10.1016/s0006-3495(64)86775-8. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bainbridge B. W. Macromolecular composition and nuclear division during spore germination in Aspergillus nidulans. J Gen Microbiol. 1971 Jun;66(3):319–325. doi: 10.1099/00221287-66-3-319. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Barash I., Conway M. L., Howard D. H. Carbon catabolism and synthesis of macromolecules during spore germination of Microsporum gypseum. J Bacteriol. 1967 Feb;93(2):656–662. doi: 10.1128/jb.93.2.656-662.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Barrett J. The incorporation of [2-14C]glycine and delta-amino[4-14C]-laevulinic acid into the prosthetic groups of cytochrome oxidase and other cytochromes in yeast adapting to oxygen. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969 May 6;177(3):442–455. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(69)90307-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Brambl R. M., Van Etten J. L. Protein synthesis during fungal spore germination. V. Evidence that the ungerminated conidiospores of Botryodiplodia theobromae contain messenger ribonucleic acid. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1970 Apr;137(2):442–452. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(70)90461-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Chapman A. G., Fall L., Atkinson D. E. Adenylate energy charge in Escherichia coli during growth and starvation. J Bacteriol. 1971 Dec;108(3):1072–1086. doi: 10.1128/jb.108.3.1072-1086.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. EATON N. R. New press for disruption of microorganisms. J Bacteriol. 1962 Jun;83:1359–1360. doi: 10.1128/jb.83.6.1359-1360.1962. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hollomon D. W. Biochemistry of germination in Peronospora tabacina (Adam) conidia: evidence for the existence of stable messenger RNA. J Gen Microbiol. 1969 Feb;55(2):267–274. doi: 10.1099/00221287-55-2-267. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Hollomon D. W. Ribonucleic acid synthesis during fungal spore germination. J Gen Microbiol. 1970 Jul;62(1):75–87. doi: 10.1099/00221287-62-1-75. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hommes F. A. Effect of glucose on the level of glycolytic enzymes in yeast. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1966 Apr;114(1):231–233. doi: 10.1016/0003-9861(66)90325-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Masters M., Pardee A. B. Sequence of enzyme synthesis and gene replication during the cell cycle of Bacillus subtilis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1965 Jul;54(1):64–70. doi: 10.1073/pnas.54.1.64. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. OGUR M., ROSEN G. The nucleic acids of plant tissues; the extraction and estimation of desoxypentose nucleic acid and pentose nucleic acid. Arch Biochem. 1950 Feb;25(2):262–276. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Ohmori K., Gottlieb D. Development of respiratory enzyme activities during spore germination. Phytopathology. 1965 Dec;55(12):1328–1336. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. RAMIREZ C., MILLER J. J. THE METABOLISM OF YEAST SPORULATION. VI. CHANGES IN AMINO ACID CONTENT DURING SPOROGENESIS. Can J Microbiol. 1964 Oct;10:623–631. doi: 10.1139/m64-082. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Ramsey W. S., Dworkin M. Stable messenger ribonucleic acid and germination of Myxococcus xanthus microcysts. J Bacteriol. 1970 Feb;101(2):531–540. doi: 10.1128/jb.101.2.531-540.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Rodenberg S., Steinberg W., Piper J., Nickerson K., Vary J., Epstein R., Halvorson H. O. Relationship between protein and ribonucleic acid synthesis during outgrowth of spores of Bacillus cereus. J Bacteriol. 1968 Aug;96(2):492–500. doi: 10.1128/jb.96.2.492-500.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Roth R. M., Dampier C. Dependence of ribonucleic acid synthesis on continuous protein synthesis in yeast. J Bacteriol. 1972 Feb;109(2):773–779. doi: 10.1128/jb.109.2.773-779.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Rousseau P., Halvorson H. O., Bulla L. A., Jr, St Julian G. Germination and outgrowth of single spores of Saccharomyces cerevisiae viewed by scanning electron and phase-contrast microscopy. J Bacteriol. 1972 Mar;109(3):1232–1238. doi: 10.1128/jb.109.3.1232-1238.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Rousseau P., Halvorson H. O. Preparation and storage of single spores of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Bacteriol. 1969 Dec;100(3):1426–1427. doi: 10.1128/jb.100.3.1426-1427.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Schweizer E., Halvorson H. O. On the regulation of ribosomal RNA synthesis in yeast. Exp Cell Res. 1969 Aug;56(2):239–244. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(69)90008-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Setlow P., Kornberg A. Biochemical studies of bacterial sporulation and germination. XXII. Energy metabolism in early stages of germination of Bacillus megaterium spores. J Biol Chem. 1970 Jul 25;245(14):3637–3644. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Steinberg W., Halvorson H. O. Timing of enzyme synthesis during outgrowth of spores of Bacillus cereus. I. Ordered enzyme synthesis. J Bacteriol. 1968 Feb;95(2):469–478. doi: 10.1128/jb.95.2.469-478.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Tauro P., Halvorson H. O., Epstein R. L. Time of gene expression in relation to centromere distance during the cell cycle of Saccharomyces cereviseae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1968 Jan;59(1):277–284. doi: 10.1073/pnas.59.1.277. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Vallejo C. G., Marco R., Sebastián J. The association of brain hexokinase with mitochondrial membranes and its functoional implications. Eur J Biochem. 1970 Jul;14(3):478–485. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1970.tb00314.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. YANAGITA T. Biochemical aspects on the germination of conidiospores of Aspergillus niger. Arch Mikrobiol. 1957;26(4):329–344. doi: 10.1007/BF00407583. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES