Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1986 Sep;59(3):574–583. doi: 10.1128/jvi.59.3.574-583.1986

Identification of the p53 protein domain involved in formation of the simian virus 40 large T-antigen-p53 protein complex.

T H Tan, J Wallis, A J Levine
PMCID: PMC253211  PMID: 3016321

Abstract

An expression vector utilizing the enhancer and promoter region of the simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA regulating a murine p53 cDNA clone was constructed. The vector produced murine p53 protein in monkey cells identified by five different monoclonal antibodies, three of which were specific for the murine form of p53. The murine p53 produced in monkey cells formed an oligomeric protein complex with the SV40 large tumor antigen. A large number of deletion mutations, in-frame linker insertion mutations, and linker insertion mutations resulting in a frameshift mutation were constructed in the cDNA coding portion of the p53 protein expression vector. The wild-type and mutant p53 cDNA vectors were expressed in monkey cells producing the SV40 large T antigen. The conformation and levels of p53 protein and its ability to form protein complexes with the SV40 T antigen were determined by using five different monoclonal antibodies with quite distinct epitope recognition sites. Insertion mutations between amino acid residues 123 and 215 (of a total of 390 amino acids) eliminated the ability of murine p53 to bind to the SV40 large T antigen. Deletion (at amino acids 11 through 33) and insertion mutations (amino acids 222 through 344) located on either side of this T-antigen-binding protein domain produced a murine p53 protein that bound to the SV40 large T antigen. The same five insertion mutations that failed to bind with the SV40 large T antigen also failed to react with a specific monoclonal antibody, PAb246. In contrast, six additional deletion and insertion mutations that produced p53 protein that did bind with T antigen were each recognized by PAb246. The proposed epitope for PAb246 has been mapped adjacent (amino acids 88 through 109) to the T-antigen-binding domain (amino acids 123 through 215) localized by the mutations mapped in this study. Finally, some insertion mutations that produced a protein that failed to bind to the SV40 T antigen appeared to have an enhanced ability to complex with a 68-kilodalton cellular protein in monkey cells.

Full text

PDF
583

Images in this article

578Image
on p.578
580Image
on p.580

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Aaronson S. A., Todaro G. J. Development of 3T3-like lines from Balb-c mouse embryo cultures: transformation susceptibility to SV40. J Cell Physiol. 1968 Oct;72(2):141–148. doi: 10.1002/jcp.1040720208. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Birnboim H. C., Doly J. A rapid alkaline extraction procedure for screening recombinant plasmid DNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Nov 24;7(6):1513–1523. doi: 10.1093/nar/7.6.1513. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Boyer H. W., Roulland-Dussoix D. A complementation analysis of the restriction and modification of DNA in Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol. 1969 May 14;41(3):459–472. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(69)90288-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Burns D. M., Beacham I. R. A method for the ligation of DNA following isolation from low melting temperature agarose. Anal Biochem. 1983 Nov;135(1):48–51. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(83)90728-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Coffman R. L., Weissman I. L. A monoclonal antibody that recognizes B cells and B cell precursors in mice. J Exp Med. 1981 Feb 1;153(2):269–279. doi: 10.1084/jem.153.2.269. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Crawford L. V., Pim D. C., Bulbrook R. D. Detection of antibodies against the cellular protein p53 in sera from patients with breast cancer. Int J Cancer. 1982 Oct 15;30(4):403–408. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910300404. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. DeLeo A. B., Jay G., Appella E., Dubois G. C., Law L. W., Old L. J. Detection of a transformation-related antigen in chemically induced sarcomas and other transformed cells of the mouse. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 May;76(5):2420–2424. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.5.2420. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Dippold W. G., Jay G., DeLeo A. B., Khoury G., Old L. J. p53 transformation-related protein: detection by monoclonal antibody in mouse and human cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Mar;78(3):1695–1699. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.3.1695. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Eliyahu D., Michalovitz D., Oren M. Overproduction of p53 antigen makes established cells highly tumorigenic. Nature. 1985 Jul 11;316(6024):158–160. doi: 10.1038/316158a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Eliyahu D., Raz A., Gruss P., Givol D., Oren M. Participation of p53 cellular tumour antigen in transformation of normal embryonic cells. Nature. 1984 Dec 13;312(5995):646–649. doi: 10.1038/312646a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Gluzman Y. SV40-transformed simian cells support the replication of early SV40 mutants. Cell. 1981 Jan;23(1):175–182. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90282-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Graham F. L., Harrison T., Williams J. Defective transforming capacity of adenovirus type 5 host-range mutants. Virology. 1978 May 1;86(1):10–21. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(78)90003-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Gronostajski R. M., Goldberg A. L., Pardee A. B. Energy requirement for degradation of tumor-associated protein p53. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Mar;4(3):442–448. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.3.442. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Gurney E. G., Harrison R. O., Fenno J. Monoclonal antibodies against simian virus 40 T antigens: evidence for distinct sublcasses of large T antigen and for similarities among nonviral T antigens. J Virol. 1980 Jun;34(3):752–763. doi: 10.1128/jvi.34.3.752-763.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Hanahan D. Studies on transformation of Escherichia coli with plasmids. J Mol Biol. 1983 Jun 5;166(4):557–580. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(83)80284-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Hann S. R., Eisenman R. N. Proteins encoded by the human c-myc oncogene: differential expression in neoplastic cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Nov;4(11):2486–2497. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.11.2486. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Harlow E., Crawford L. V., Pim D. C., Williamson N. M. Monoclonal antibodies specific for simian virus 40 tumor antigens. J Virol. 1981 Sep;39(3):861–869. doi: 10.1128/jvi.39.3.861-869.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Harlow E., Pim D. C., Crawford L. V. Complex of simian virus 40 large-T antigen and host 53,000-molecular-weight protein in monkey cells. J Virol. 1981 Feb;37(2):564–573. doi: 10.1128/jvi.37.2.564-573.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Jenkins J. R., Rudge K., Currie G. A. Cellular immortalization by a cDNA clone encoding the transformation-associated phosphoprotein p53. Nature. 1984 Dec 13;312(5995):651–654. doi: 10.1038/312651a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Jones N., Shenk T. Isolation of adenovirus type 5 host range deletion mutants defective for transformation of rat embryo cells. Cell. 1979 Jul;17(3):683–689. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90275-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Kaczmarek L., Oren M., Baserga R. Co-operation between the p53 protein tumor antigen and platelet-poor plasma in the induction of cellular DNA synthesis. Exp Cell Res. 1986 Jan;162(1):268–272. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(86)90445-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Kelekar A., Cole M. D. Tumorigenicity of fibroblast lines expressing the adenovirus E1a, cellular p53, or normal c-myc genes. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Jan;6(1):7–14. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.1.7. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Lane D. P., Crawford L. V. T antigen is bound to a host protein in SV40-transformed cells. Nature. 1979 Mar 15;278(5701):261–263. doi: 10.1038/278261a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Lathe R., Kieny M. P., Skory S., Lecocq J. P. Linker tailing: unphosphorylated linker oligonucleotides for joining DNA termini. DNA. 1984;3(2):173–182. doi: 10.1089/dna.1984.3.173. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Le Beau M. M., Westbrook C. A., Diaz M. O., Rowley J. D., Oren M. Translocation of the p53 gene in t(15;17) in acute promyelocytic leukaemia. 1985 Aug 29-Sep 4Nature. 316(6031):826–828. doi: 10.1038/316826a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Linzer D. I., Levine A. J. Characterization of a 54K dalton cellular SV40 tumor antigen present in SV40-transformed cells and uninfected embryonal carcinoma cells. Cell. 1979 May;17(1):43–52. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90293-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Linzer D. I., Maltzman W., Levine A. J. The SV40 A gene product is required for the production of a 54,000 MW cellular tumor antigen. Virology. 1979 Oct 30;98(2):308–318. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(79)90554-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Mercer W. E., Avignolo C., Baserga R. Role of the p53 protein in cell proliferation as studied by microinjection of monoclonal antibodies. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Feb;4(2):276–281. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.2.276. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Mercer W. E., Nelson D., DeLeo A. B., Old L. J., Baserga R. Microinjection of monoclonal antibody to protein p53 inhibits serum-induced DNA synthesis in 3T3 cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Oct;79(20):6309–6312. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.20.6309. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Milner J. Different forms of p53 detected by monoclonal antibodies in non-dividing and dividing lymphocytes. Nature. 1984 Jul 12;310(5973):143–145. doi: 10.1038/310143a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Milner J., Milner S. SV40-53K antigen: a possible role for 53K in normal cells. Virology. 1981 Jul 30;112(2):785–788. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(81)90327-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Montenarh M., Kohler M., Aggeler G., Henning R. Structural prerequisites of simian virus 40 large T antigen for the maintenance of cell transformation. EMBO J. 1985 Nov;4(11):2941–2947. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb04027.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Mowat M., Cheng A., Kimura N., Bernstein A., Benchimol S. Rearrangements of the cellular p53 gene in erythroleukaemic cells transformed by Friend virus. Nature. 1985 Apr 18;314(6012):633–636. doi: 10.1038/314633a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Oren M., Maltzman W., Levine A. J. Post-translational regulation of the 54K cellular tumor antigen in normal and transformed cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1981 Feb;1(2):101–110. doi: 10.1128/mcb.1.2.101. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Parada L. F., Land H., Weinberg R. A., Wolf D., Rotter V. Cooperation between gene encoding p53 tumour antigen and ras in cellular transformation. Nature. 1984 Dec 13;312(5995):649–651. doi: 10.1038/312649a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Pennica D., Goeddel D. V., Hayflick J. S., Reich N. C., Anderson C. W., Levine A. J. The amino acid sequence of murine p53 determined from a c-DNA clone. Virology. 1984 Apr 30;134(2):477–482. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(84)90316-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Pinhasi O., Oren M. Expression of the mouse p53 cellular tumor antigen in monkey cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Oct;4(10):2180–2186. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.10.2180. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Reich N. C., Levine A. J. Growth regulation of a cellular tumour antigen, p53, in nontransformed cells. Nature. 1984 Mar 8;308(5955):199–201. doi: 10.1038/308199a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Reich N. C., Oren M., Levine A. J. Two distinct mechanisms regulate the levels of a cellular tumor antigen, p53. Mol Cell Biol. 1983 Dec;3(12):2143–2150. doi: 10.1128/mcb.3.12.2143. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Reich N. C., Sarnow P., Duprey E., Levine A. J. Monoclonal antibodies which recognize native and denatured forms of the adenovirus DNA-binding protein. Virology. 1983 Jul 30;128(2):480–484. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(83)90274-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Ruscetti S. K., Scolnick E. M. Expression of a transformation-related protein (p53) in the malignant stage of Friend virus-induced diseases. J Virol. 1983 Jun;46(3):1022–1026. doi: 10.1128/jvi.46.3.1022-1026.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Sarnow P., Ho Y. S., Williams J., Levine A. J. Adenovirus E1b-58kd tumor antigen and SV40 large tumor antigen are physically associated with the same 54 kd cellular protein in transformed cells. Cell. 1982 Feb;28(2):387–394. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90356-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Sompayrac L. M., Danna K. J. Efficient infection of monkey cells with DNA of simian virus 40. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Dec;78(12):7575–7578. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.12.7575. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Southern P. J., Berg P. Transformation of mammalian cells to antibiotic resistance with a bacterial gene under control of the SV40 early region promoter. J Mol Appl Genet. 1982;1(4):327–341. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Tegtmeyer P. Function of simian virus 40 gene A in transforming infection. J Virol. 1975 Mar;15(3):613–618. doi: 10.1128/jvi.15.3.613-618.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Thomas R., Kaplan L., Reich N., Lane D. P., Levine A. J. Characterization of human p53 antigens employing primate specific monoclonal antibodies. Virology. 1983 Dec;131(2):502–517. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(83)90516-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Wade-Evans A., Jenkins J. R. Precise epitope mapping of the murine transformation-associated protein, p53. EMBO J. 1985 Mar;4(3):699–706. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03686.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Wolf D., Admon S., Oren M., Rotter V. Abelson murine leukemia virus-transformed cells that lack p53 protein synthesis express aberrant p53 mRNA species. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Mar;4(3):552–558. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.3.552. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Wolf D., Harris N., Rotter V. Reconstitution of p53 expression in a nonproducer Ab-MuLV-transformed cell line by transfection of a functional p53 gene. Cell. 1984 Aug;38(1):119–126. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90532-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Wolf D., Rotter V. Inactivation of p53 gene expression by an insertion of Moloney murine leukemia virus-like DNA sequences. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Jul;4(7):1402–1410. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.7.1402. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Wolf D., Rotter V. Major deletions in the gene encoding the p53 tumor antigen cause lack of p53 expression in HL-60 cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Feb;82(3):790–794. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.3.790. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Virology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES