Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1988 Dec;62(12):4697–4702. doi: 10.1128/jvi.62.12.4697-4702.1988

Recombinant vaccinia virus/Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus protects mice from peripheral VEE virus challenge.

R M Kinney 1, J J Esposito 1, J H Mathews 1, B J Johnson 1, J T Roehrig 1, A D Barrett 1, D W Trent 1
PMCID: PMC253584  PMID: 3184276

Abstract

Mice immunized with recombinant vaccinia virus (VACC) expressing Venezuelan equine encephalitis (VEE) virus capsid protein and glycoproteins E1 and E2 or with attenuated VEE TC-83 virus vaccine developed VEE-specific neutralizing antibody and survived intraperitoneal challenge with virulent VEE virus strains including Trinidad donkey (subtype 1AB), P676 (subtype 1C), 3880 (subtype 1D), and Everglades (subtype 2). However, unlike immunization with TC-83 virus, immunization with the recombinant VACC/VEE virus did not protect mice from intranasal challenge with VEE Trinidad donkey virus. These results suggest that recombinant VACC/VEE virus is a vaccine candidate for equines and humans at risk of mosquito-transmitted VEE disease but not for laboratory workers at risk of accidental exposure to aerosol infection with VEE virus.

Full text

PDF
4698

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Alevizatos A. C., McKinney R. W., Feigin R. D. Live, attenuated Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus vaccine. I. Clinical effects in man. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1967 Nov;16(6):762–768. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Buller R. M., Smith G. L., Cremer K., Notkins A. L., Moss B. Decreased virulence of recombinant vaccinia virus expression vectors is associated with a thymidine kinase-negative phenotype. 1985 Oct 31-Nov 6Nature. 317(6040):813–815. doi: 10.1038/317813a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Burke D. S., Ramsburg H. H., Edelman R. Persistence in humans of antibody to subtypes of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) virus after immunization with attenuated (TC-83) VEE virus vaccine. J Infect Dis. 1977 Sep;136(3):354–359. doi: 10.1093/infdis/136.3.354. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Calisher C. H., Shope R. E., Brandt W., Casals J., Karabatsos N., Murphy F. A., Tesh R. B., Wiebe M. E. Proposed antigenic classification of registered arboviruses I. Togaviridae, Alphavirus. Intervirology. 1980;14(5-6):229–232. doi: 10.1159/000149190. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. DEMUCHA MACIAS J., S'ANCHEZ SPINDOLA I. TWO HUMAN CASES OF LABORATORY INFECTION WITH MUCAMBO VIRUS. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1965 May;14:475–478. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Danes L., Kufner J., Hrusková J., Rychterová V. The role of the olfactory route on infection of the respiratory tract with Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus in normal and operated Macaca rhesus monkeys. I. Results of virological examination. Acta Virol. 1973 Jan;17(1):50–56. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Danes L., Rychterová V., Kufner J., Hrusková J. The role of the olfactory route on infection of the respiratory tract with Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus in normal and operated Macaca rhesus monkeys. II. Results of histological examination. Acta Virol. 1973 Jan;17(1):57–60. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Dill G. S., Jr, Pederson C. E., Jr, Stookey J. L. A comparison of the tissue lesions produced in adult hamsters by two strains of avirulent Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus. Am J Pathol. 1973 Jul;72(1):13–24. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Eddy G. A., Martin D. H., Reeves W. C., Johnson K. M. Field studies of an attenuated Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis vaccine (strain TC-83). Infect Immun. 1972 Feb;5(2):160–163. doi: 10.1128/iai.5.2.160-163.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Ehrenkranz N. J., Sinclair M. C., Buff E., Lyman D. O. The natural occurrence of Venezuelan equine encephalitis in the United States. N Engl J Med. 1970 Feb 5;282(6):298–302. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197002052820603. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Elango N., Prince G. A., Murphy B. R., Venkatesan S., Chanock R. M., Moss B. Resistance to human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection induced by immunization of cotton rats with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing the RSV G glycoprotein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Mar;83(6):1906–1910. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.6.1906. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Esposito J., Brechling K., Baer G., Moss B. Vaccinia virus recombinants expressing rabiesvirus glycoprotein protect against rabies. Virus Genes. 1987 Nov;1(1):7–21. doi: 10.1007/BF00125682. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Esposito J., Condit R., Obijeski J. The preparation of orthopoxvirus DNA. J Virol Methods. 1981 Feb;2(3):175–179. doi: 10.1016/0166-0934(81)90036-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Ferguson J. A., Reeves W. C., Milby M. M., Hardy J. L. Study of homologous and heterologous antibody response in California horses vaccinated with attenuated Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis vaccine (strain TC-83). Am J Vet Res. 1978 Mar;39(3):371–376. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Fillis C. A., Calisher C. H. Neutralizing antibody responses of humans and mice to vaccination with Venezuelan encephalitis (TC-83) virus. J Clin Microbiol. 1979 Oct;10(4):544–549. doi: 10.1128/jcm.10.4.544-549.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. France J. K., Wyrick B. C., Trent D. W. Biochemical and antigenic comparison of the envelope glycoproteins of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus strains. J Gen Virol. 1979 Sep;44(3):725–740. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-44-3-725. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Franck P. T., Johnson K. M. An outbreak of Venezuelan encephalitis in man in the Panamá Canal Zone. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1970 Sep;19(5):860–865. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1970.19.860. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Franke C. A., Berry E. S., Smith A. W., Hruby D. E. Immunisation of cattle with a recombinant togavirus-vaccinia virus strain. Res Vet Sci. 1985 Jul;39(1):113–115. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. GOCHENOUR W. S., Jr, BERGE T. O., GLEISER C. A., TIGERTT W. D. Immunization of burros with living Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus. Am J Hyg. 1962 May;75:351–362. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120257. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Henderson B. E., Chappell W. A., Johnston J. G., Jr, Sudia W. D. Experimental infection of horses with three strains of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus. I. Clinical and virological studies. Am J Epidemiol. 1971 Mar;93(3):194–205. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121246. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Hunt A. R., Calisher C. H. Relationships of bunyamwera group viruses by neutralization. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1979 Jul;28(4):740–749. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Jahrling P. B., Stephenson E. H. Protective efficacies of live attenuated and formaldehyde-inactivated Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus vaccines against aerosol challenge in hamsters. J Clin Microbiol. 1984 Mar;19(3):429–431. doi: 10.1128/jcm.19.3.429-431.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Jochim M. M., Barber T. L., Luedke A. J. Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis: antibody response in vaccinated horses and resistance to infection with virulent virus. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1973 Feb 15;162(4):280–283. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Johnson K. M., Shelokov A., Peralta P. H., Dammin G. J., Young N. A. Recovery of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus in Panama. A fatal case in man. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1968 May;17(3):432–440. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1968.17.432. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. KISSLING R. E., CHAMBERLAIN R. W., NELSON D. B., STAMM D. D. Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis in horses. Am J Hyg. 1956 May;63(3):274–287. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a119811. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Kinney R. M., Trent D. W., France J. K. Comparative immunological and biochemical analyses of viruses in the Venezuelan equine encephalitis complex. J Gen Virol. 1983 Jan;64(Pt 1):135–147. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-64-1-135. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. LeBlanc P. A., Scherer W. F., Sussdorf D. H. Infections of congenitally athymic (nude) and normal mice with avirulent and virulent strains of Venezuelan encephalitis virus. Infect Immun. 1978 Sep;21(3):779–785. doi: 10.1128/iai.21.3.779-785.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. London W. T., Levitt N. H., Kent S. G., Wong V. G., Sever J. L. Congenital cerebral and ocular malformations induced in rhesus monkeys by Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. Teratology. 1977 Dec;16(3):285–285. doi: 10.1002/tera.1420160307. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Lord R. D. History and geographic distribution of Venezuelan equine encephalitis. Bull Pan Am Health Organ. 1974;8(2):100–110. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. MCKINNEY R. W., BERGE T. O., SAWYER W. D., TIGERTT W. D., CROZIER D. USE OF AN ATTENUATED STRAIN OF VENEZUELAN EQUINE ENCEPHALOMYELITIS VIRUS FOR IMMUNIZATION IN MAN. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1963 Jul;12:597–603. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1963.12.597. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Mathews J. H., Roehrig J. T. Determination of the protective epitopes on the glycoproteins of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus by passive transfer of monoclonal antibodies. J Immunol. 1982 Dec;129(6):2763–2767. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Monath T. P., Calisher C. H., Davis M., Bowen G. S., White J. Experimental studies of rhesus monkeys infected with epizootic and enzootic subtypes of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. J Infect Dis. 1974 Feb;129(2):194–200. doi: 10.1093/infdis/129.2.194. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Monlux W. S., Luedke A. J., Mercado S., Rosales J. C., Rios R. Effect of back passage of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis vaccine (TC-83) on the central nervous system of horses. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1972 Oct 1;161(7):832–833. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Ogra P. L., Kerr-Grant D., Umana G., Dzierba J., Weintraub D. Antibody response in serum and nasopharynx after naturally acquired and vaccine-induced infection with rubella virus. N Engl J Med. 1971 Dec 9;285(24):1333–1339. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197112092852401. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Pedersen C. E., Jr, Robinson D. M., Cole F. E., Jr Isolation of the vaccine strain of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus from mosquitoes in Louisiana. Am J Epidemiol. 1972 May;95(5):490–496. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121416. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Perkins J. C., Tucker D. N., Knopf H. L., Wenzel R. P., Kapikian A. Z., Chanock R. M. Comparison of protective effect of neutralizing antibody in serum and nasal secretions in experimental rhinovirus type 13 illness. Am J Epidemiol. 1969 Dec;90(6):519–526. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121098. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Ramphal R., Cogliano R. C., Shands J. W., Jr, Small P. A., Jr Serum antibody prevents lethal murine influenza pneumonitis but not tracheitis. Infect Immun. 1979 Sep;25(3):992–997. doi: 10.1128/iai.25.3.992-997.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Rice C. M., Franke C. A., Strauss J. H., Hruby D. E. Expression of Sindbis virus structural proteins via recombinant vaccinia virus: synthesis, processing, and incorporation into mature Sindbis virions. J Virol. 1985 Oct;56(1):227–239. doi: 10.1128/jvi.56.1.227-239.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Roehrig J. T., Day J. W., Kinney R. M. Antigenic analysis of the surface glycoproteins of a Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus (TC-83) using monoclonal antibodies. Virology. 1982 Apr 30;118(2):269–278. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(82)90346-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. SUTTON L. S., BROOKE C. C. Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis due to vaccination in man. J Am Med Assoc. 1954 Aug 21;155(17):1473–1476. doi: 10.1001/jama.1954.03690350015005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Smith G. L., Murphy B. R., Moss B. Construction and characterization of an infectious vaccinia virus recombinant that expresses the influenza hemagglutinin gene and induces resistance to influenza virus infection in hamsters. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Dec;80(23):7155–7159. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.23.7155. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Spertzel R. O., Kahn D. E. Safety and efficacy of an attenuated Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis vaccine for use in Equidae. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1971 Sep 15;159(6):731–738. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Walsh E. E., Schlesinger J. J., Brandriss M. W. Protection from respiratory syncytial virus infection in cotton rats by passive transfer of monoclonal antibodies. Infect Immun. 1984 Feb;43(2):756–758. doi: 10.1128/iai.43.2.756-758.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Walton T. E., Alvarez O., Jr, Buckwalter R. M., Johnson K. M. Experimental infection of horses with an attenuated Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis vaccine (strain TC-83). Infect Immun. 1972 May;5(5):750–756. doi: 10.1128/iai.5.5.750-756.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Walton T. E., Alvarez O., Jr, Buckwalter R. M., Johnson K. M. Experimental infection of horses with enzootic and epizootic strains of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus. J Infect Dis. 1973 Sep;128(3):271–282. doi: 10.1093/infdis/128.3.271. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Walton T. E., Brautigam F. E., Ferrer J. A., Johnson K. M. Epizootic Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis in Central America. Disease pattern and vaccine evaluation in Nicaragua, 1969-1970. Am J Epidemiol. 1972 Mar;95(3):247–254. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a121392. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Wertz G. W., Stott E. J., Young K. K., Anderson K., Ball L. A. Expression of the fusion protein of human respiratory syncytial virus from recombinant vaccinia virus vectors and protection of vaccinated mice. J Virol. 1987 Feb;61(2):293–301. doi: 10.1128/jvi.61.2.293-301.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Young N. A., Johnson K. M. Antigenic variants of Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus: their geographic distribution and epidemiologic significance. Am J Epidemiol. 1969 Mar;89(3):286–307. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a120942. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Zarate M. L., Scherer W. F. Contact-spread of Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus among cotton rats via urine or feces and the naso- or oropharynx. A possible transmission cycle in nature. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1968 Nov;17(6):894–899. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1968.17.894. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Virology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES