Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1987 Jul;61(7):2175–2181. doi: 10.1128/jvi.61.7.2175-2181.1987

Identification of p40x-responsive regulatory sequences within the human T-cell leukemia virus type I long terminal repeat.

J Brady, K T Jeang, J Duvall, G Khoury
PMCID: PMC254240  PMID: 3035218

Abstract

Distinct transcriptional regulatory sequences located within the upstream sequences required for p40x trans-activation of the human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) long terminal repeat (LTR) were chemically synthesized and cloned upstream of the basal HTLV-I LTR promoter. Plasmids containing a single 21-base-pair (bp) repeat were weakly inducible by p40x. The level of trans-activation by p40x was increased when two (30-fold) or three (40-fold) 21-bp repeats were present in the upstream control region. In the mutant containing two 21-bp repeats, the upstream 21-bp repeat could be positioned in either the sense (30-fold) or the antisense (16-fold) orientation. Plasmids containing a 51-bp repeat element, which included a single 21-bp repeat, were induced to levels similar to that obtained with the 21-bp repeat sequence alone. Template DNAs containing a single copy of the HTLV-I sequences between -117 and -160 were stimulated approximately 10-fold by p40x when one copy of the 21-bp element was located downstream.

Full text

PDF
2175

Images in this article

2177Image
on p.2177
2178Image
on p.2178
2179Image
on p.2179

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Alwine J. C. Transient gene expression control: effects of transfected DNA stability and trans-activation by viral early proteins. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 May;5(5):1034–1042. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.5.1034. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Brady J., Bolen J. B., Radonovich M., Salzman N., Khoury G. Stimulation of simian virus 40 late gene expression by simian virus 40 tumor antigen. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Apr;81(7):2040–2044. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.7.2040. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Brady J., Loeken M. R., Khoury G. Interaction between two transcriptional control sequences required for tumor-antigen-mediated simian virus 40 late gene expression. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Nov;82(21):7299–7303. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.21.7299. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Cann A. J., Rosenblatt J. D., Wachsman W., Shah N. P., Chen I. S. Identification of the gene responsible for human T-cell leukaemia virus transcriptional regulation. Nature. 1985 Dec 12;318(6046):571–574. doi: 10.1038/318571a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Felber B. K., Paskalis H., Kleinman-Ewing C., Wong-Staal F., Pavlakis G. N. The pX protein of HTLV-I is a transcriptional activator of its long terminal repeats. Science. 1985 Aug 16;229(4714):675–679. doi: 10.1126/science.2992082. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Ferguson B., Krippl B., Andrisani O., Jones N., Westphal H., Rosenberg M. E1A 13S and 12S mRNA products made in Escherichia coli both function as nucleus-localized transcription activators but do not directly bind DNA. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Oct;5(10):2653–2661. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.10.2653. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Fujisawa J., Seiki M., Kiyokawa T., Yoshida M. Functional activation of the long terminal repeat of human T-cell leukemia virus type I by a trans-acting factor. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Apr;82(8):2277–2281. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.8.2277. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Fujisawa J., Seiki M., Sato M., Yoshida M. A transcriptional enhancer sequence of HTLV-I is responsible for trans-activation mediated by p40 chi HTLV-I. EMBO J. 1986 Apr;5(4):713–718. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04272.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Giam C. Z., Nerenberg M., Khoury G., Jay G. Expression of the complete human T-cell leukemia virus type I pX coding sequence as a functional protein in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Oct;83(19):7192–7196. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.19.7192. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Gorman C. M., Moffat L. F., Howard B. H. Recombinant genomes which express chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in mammalian cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1982 Sep;2(9):1044–1051. doi: 10.1128/mcb.2.9.1044. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Graham F. L., van der Eb A. J. A new technique for the assay of infectivity of human adenovirus 5 DNA. Virology. 1973 Apr;52(2):456–467. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(73)90341-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Green M. R., Treisman R., Maniatis T. Transcriptional activation of cloned human beta-globin genes by viral immediate-early gene products. Cell. 1983 Nov;35(1):137–148. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90216-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hartzell S. W., Byrne B. J., Subramanian K. N. The simian virus 40 minimal origin and the 72-base-pair repeat are required simultaneously for efficient induction of late gene expression with large tumor antigen. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Oct;81(20):6335–6339. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.20.6335. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Hoeffler W. K., Roeder R. G. Enhancement of RNA polymerase III transcription by the E1A gene product of adenovirus. Cell. 1985 Jul;41(3):955–963. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(85)80076-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Imperiale M. J., Feldman L. T., Nevins J. R. Activation of gene expression by adenovirus and herpesvirus regulatory genes acting in trans and by a cis-acting adenovirus enhancer element. Cell. 1983 Nov;35(1):127–136. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90215-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Imperiale M. J., Hart R. P., Nevins J. R. An enhancer-like element in the adenovirus E2 promoter contains sequences essential for uninduced and E1A-induced transcription. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jan;82(2):381–385. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.2.381. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Jones K. A., Yamamoto K. R., Tjian R. Two distinct transcription factors bind to the HSV thymidine kinase promoter in vitro. Cell. 1985 Sep;42(2):559–572. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90113-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Kalyanaraman V. S., Sarngadharan M. G., Bunn P. A., Minna J. D., Gallo R. C. Antibodies in human sera reactive against an internal structural protein of human T-cell lymphoma virus. Nature. 1981 Nov 19;294(5838):271–273. doi: 10.1038/294271a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Kao H. T., Nevins J. R. Transcriptional activation and subsequent control of the human heat shock gene during adenovirus infection. Mol Cell Biol. 1983 Nov;3(11):2058–2065. doi: 10.1128/mcb.3.11.2058. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Keller J. M., Alwine J. C. Activation of the SV40 late promoter: direct effects of T antigen in the absence of viral DNA replication. Cell. 1984 Feb;36(2):381–389. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90231-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Keller J. M., Alwine J. C. Analysis of an activatable promoter: sequences in the simian virus 40 late promoter required for T-antigen-mediated trans activation. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Aug;5(8):1859–1869. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.8.1859. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Kovesdi I., Reichel R., Nevins J. R. E1A transcription induction: enhanced binding of a factor to upstream promoter sequences. Science. 1986 Feb 14;231(4739):719–722. doi: 10.1126/science.2935935. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Kovesdi I., Reichel R., Nevins J. R. Identification of a cellular transcription factor involved in E1A trans-activation. Cell. 1986 Apr 25;45(2):219–228. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90386-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Loeken M. R., Khoury G., Brady J. Stimulation of the adenovirus E2 promoter by simian virus 40 T antigen or E1A occurs by different mechanisms. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Jun;6(6):2020–2026. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.6.2020. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Murthy S. C., Bhat G. P., Thimmappaya B. Adenovirus EIIA early promoter: transcriptional control elements and induction by the viral pre-early EIA gene, which appears to be sequence independent. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Apr;82(8):2230–2234. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.8.2230. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Paskalis H., Felber B. K., Pavlakis G. N. Cis-acting sequences responsible for the transcriptional activation of human T-cell leukemia virus type I constitute a conditional enhancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Sep;83(17):6558–6562. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.17.6558. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Poiesz B. J., Ruscetti F. W., Gazdar A. F., Bunn P. A., Minna J. D., Gallo R. C. Detection and isolation of type C retrovirus particles from fresh and cultured lymphocytes of a patient with cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Dec;77(12):7415–7419. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.12.7415. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Queen C., Baltimore D. Immunoglobulin gene transcription is activated by downstream sequence elements. Cell. 1983 Jul;33(3):741–748. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90016-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Rosen C. A., Sodroski J. G., Haseltine W. A. Location of cis-acting regulatory sequences in the human T-cell leukemia virus type I long terminal repeat. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Oct;82(19):6502–6506. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.19.6502. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Sawadogo M., Roeder R. G. Interaction of a gene-specific transcription factor with the adenovirus major late promoter upstream of the TATA box region. Cell. 1985 Nov;43(1):165–175. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90021-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Seiki M., Inoue J., Takeda T., Yoshida M. Direct evidence that p40x of human T-cell leukemia virus type I is a trans-acting transcriptional activator. EMBO J. 1986 Mar;5(3):561–565. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04247.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Shimotohno K., Takano M., Teruuchi T., Miwa M. Requirement of multiple copies of a 21-nucleotide sequence in the U3 regions of human T-cell leukemia virus type I and type II long terminal repeats for trans-acting activation of transcription. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Nov;83(21):8112–8116. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.21.8112. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Sodroski J. G., Rosen C. A., Haseltine W. A. Trans-acting transcriptional activation of the long terminal repeat of human T lymphotropic viruses in infected cells. Science. 1984 Jul 27;225(4660):381–385. doi: 10.1126/science.6330891. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Sodroski J., Rosen C., Goh W. C., Haseltine W. A transcriptional activator protein encoded by the x-lor region of the human T-cell leukemia virus. Science. 1985 Jun 21;228(4706):1430–1434. doi: 10.1126/science.2990028. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Stein R., Ziff E. B. HeLa cell beta-tubulin gene transcription is stimulated by adenovirus 5 in parallel with viral early genes by an E1a-dependent mechanism. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Dec;4(12):2792–2801. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.12.2792. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Yoshinaga S., Dean N., Han M., Berk A. J. Adenovirus stimulation of transcription by RNA polymerase III: evidence for an E1A-dependent increase in transcription factor IIIC concentration. EMBO J. 1986 Feb;5(2):343–354. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04218.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Virology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES