Skip to main content
Journal of the National Medical Association logoLink to Journal of the National Medical Association
. 2005 Aug;97(8):1103–1112.

An exploration of the down-low identity: nongay-identified young African-American men who have sex with men.

Jaime Martinez 1, Sybil G Hosek 1
PMCID: PMC2575973  PMID: 16173325

Abstract

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention urges that strategies are needed to increase the proportion of young men who have sex with men (MSM) who are linked to primary care and prevention services. One subgroup of young men engaging in male-male sex, those that do not identify as gay, may be less likely to be reached by prevention and intervention services that are aimed at the broader MSM community. Additionally, nongay-identified young men engaging in male-male sex may have risk-reduction needs that are different from those that identify as gay. At present, very little is known about this subgroup of men. This study qualitatively interviewed six nongay-identified young men engaging in male-male sex about their sexual identity, their relationships with both men and women, their perceptions of their own sexual risk behavior and their comfort in accessing primary care services. The information gathered in these interviews can be used to increase the understanding of this understudied population while improving prevention and primary care services aimed at these youth.

Full text

PDF
1104

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) HIV incidence among young men who have sex with men--seven U.S. cities, 1994-2000. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2001 Jun 1;50(21):440–444. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) HIV/AIDS among racial/ethnic minority men who have sex with men--United States, 1989-1998. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2000 Jan 14;49(1):4–11. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) HlV/STD risks in young men who have sex with men who do not disclose their sexual orientation--six U.S. cities, 1994-2000. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2003 Feb 7;52(5):81–86. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Unrecognized HIV infection, risk behaviors, and perceptions of risk among young black men who have sex with men--six U.S. cities, 1994-1998. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2002 Aug 23;51(33):733–736. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Denning P. H., Jones J. L., Ward J. W. Recent trends in the HIV epidemic in adolescent and young adult gay and bisexual men. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1997 Dec 15;16(5):374–379. doi: 10.1097/00042560-199712150-00011. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Goldbaum G., Perdue T. R., Higgins D. Non-gay-identifying men who have sex with men: formative research results from Seattle, Washington. Public Health Rep. 1996;111 (Suppl 1):36–40. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Grant L. M., Ostrow D. G. Perceptions of social support and psychological adaptation to sexually acquired HIV among white and African American men. Soc Work. 1995 Mar;40(2):215–224. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kalichman S. C., Rompa D. The Sexual Compulsivity Scale: further development and use with HIV-positive persons. J Pers Assess. 2001 Jun;76(3):379–395. doi: 10.1207/S15327752JPA7603_02. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Kennamer J. D., Honnold J., Bradford J., Hendricks M. Differences in disclosure of sexuality among African American and White gay/bisexual men: implications for HIV/AIDS prevention. AIDS Educ Prev. 2000 Dec;12(6):519–531. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Lichtenstein B. Secret encounters: black men, bisexuality, and AIDS in Alabama. Med Anthropol Q. 2000 Sep;14(3):374–393. doi: 10.1525/maq.2000.14.3.374. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Nopkesorn T., Mock P. A., Mastro T. D., Sangkharomya S., Sweat M., Limpakarnjanarat K., Laosakkitiboran J., Young N. L., Morse S. A., Schmid S. HIV-1 subtype E incidence and sexually transmitted diseases in a cohort of military conscripts in northern Thailand. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1998 Aug 1;18(4):372–379. doi: 10.1097/00042560-199808010-00009. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Stall R. D., Hays R. B., Waldo C. R., Ekstrand M., McFarland W. The Gay '90s: a review of research in the 1990s on sexual behavior and HIV risk among men who have sex with men. AIDS. 2000;14 (Suppl 3):S101–S114. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of the National Medical Association are provided here courtesy of National Medical Association

RESOURCES