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. 1987 Sep;25(9):1701–1704. doi: 10.1128/jcm.25.9.1701-1704.1987

Reaction of fungal products with amebocyte lysates of the Japanese horseshoe crab, Tachypleus tridentatus.

D S Hodes 1, D Heon 1, A Hass 1, A C Hyatt 1, H L Hodes 1
PMCID: PMC269311  PMID: 3308950

Abstract

A commercially available endotoxin assay (CS-TAL) employing a chromogenic peptide and an amebocyte lysate from the Japanese horseshoe crab, Tachypleus tridentatus, gave a positive result with aqueous extracts of all 15 strains of Candida albicans and 1 strain each of Candida tropicalis, Cryptococcus neoformans, and a Mucor species that we tested. Purified glucans prepared from the Candida strains gave the same results. Reconstruction experiments showed that the positive results were not due to contaminating endotoxin. By contrast, assays employing amebocyte lysates of the American horseshoe crab, Limulus polyphemus, were inconsistent. Japanese workers have presented evidence that glucans activate the Tachypleus amebocyte lysate system by acting on an enzyme different from that on which endotoxin acts. Using a Tachypleus lysate preparation (Endospecy; Seikagaku Kogyo, Tokyo, Japan) from which this enzyme was excluded, we demonstrated a 5- to 10-fold drop in reactivity to the aqueous Candida extracts and glucans, whereas reactivity to endotoxin was unchanged. Normal human plasma was shown to decrease the effect of fungal extracts on CS-TAL. This inhibition was completely removed by heating the plasma. Our results suggest that Tachypleus systems may be of use clinically in distinguishing bacterial from fungal infections.

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Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

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