Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Clinical Microbiology logoLink to Journal of Clinical Microbiology
. 1992 Nov;30(11):3009–3012. doi: 10.1128/jcm.30.11.3009-3012.1992

Evidence of serologic diversity within group C rotaviruses.

H Tsunemitsu 1, B Jiang 1, Y Yamashita 1, M Oseto 1, H Ushijima 1, L J Saif 1
PMCID: PMC270572  PMID: 1333486

Abstract

The Cowden strain of porcine group C rotavirus and the Shintoku strain of bovine group C rotavirus were classified as different serotypes by two-way cross-neutralization tests. Two neutralization patterns against the Cowden and Shintoku strains were observed when hyperimmune or convalescent-phase antisera to three noncultivatable porcine group C rotaviruses and a human group C rotavirus were used in one-way cross-neutralization tests. Antisera to two porcine group C rotaviruses and the human group C rotavirus neutralized the Cowden strain at high titers but did not neutralize the Shintoku strain, suggesting that these three strains are serotypically related to the Cowden strain. The remaining antisera to a porcine group C rotavirus (HF strain) reacted with the Cowden and Shintoku group C rotaviruses in cell culture immunofluorescence tests but did not neutralize either virus in one-way cross-neutralization, suggesting that the HF strain belongs to a third serotype. However, confirmation of these findings requires additional analysis by two-way cross-neutralization. Our findings support the existence of at least two distinct serotypes of group C rotaviruses, and possibly a third, among animals and humans. The serotypic similarity observed between the Cowden strain and a human group C rotavirus suggests that the cultivatable Cowden strain and antiserum to this virus may provide important reagents for the diagnosis of group C rotaviruses in humans.

Full text

PDF
3010

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bohl E. H., Saif L. J., Theil K. W., Agnes A. G., Cross R. F. Porcine pararotavirus: detection, differentiation from rotavirus, and pathogenesis in gnotobiotic pigs. J Clin Microbiol. 1982 Feb;15(2):312–319. doi: 10.1128/jcm.15.2.312-319.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bremont M., Cohen J., McCrae M. A. Analysis of the structural polypeptides of a porcine group C rotavirus. J Virol. 1988 Jun;62(6):2183–2185. doi: 10.1128/jvi.62.6.2183-2185.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bridger J. C., Brown J. F. Prevalence of antibody to typical and atypical rotaviruses in pigs. Vet Rec. 1985 Jan 12;116(2):50–50. doi: 10.1136/vr.116.2.50. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bridger J. C., Pedley S., McCrae M. A. Group C rotaviruses in humans. J Clin Microbiol. 1986 Apr;23(4):760–763. doi: 10.1128/jcm.23.4.760-763.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Caul E. O., Ashley C. R., Darville J. M., Bridger J. C. Group C rotavirus associated with fatal enteritis in a family outbreak. J Med Virol. 1990 Mar;30(3):201–205. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890300311. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Estes M. K., Cohen J. Rotavirus gene structure and function. Microbiol Rev. 1989 Dec;53(4):410–449. doi: 10.1128/mr.53.4.410-449.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Flewett T. H., Woode G. N. The rotaviruses. Arch Virol. 1978;57(1):1–23. doi: 10.1007/BF01315633. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Greenberg H. B., Kalica A. R., Wyatt R. G., Jones R. W., Kapikian A. Z., Chanock R. M. Rescue of noncultivatable human rotavirus by gene reassortment during mixed infection with ts mutants of a cultivatable bovine rotavirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Jan;78(1):420–424. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.1.420. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Hoshino Y., Sereno M. M., Midthun K., Flores J., Kapikian A. Z., Chanock R. M. Independent segregation of two antigenic specificities (VP3 and VP7) involved in neutralization of rotavirus infectivity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Dec;82(24):8701–8704. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.24.8701. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hoshino Y., Wyatt R. G., Greenberg H. B., Flores J., Kapikian A. Z. Serotypic similarity and diversity of rotaviruses of mammalian and avian origin as studied by plaque-reduction neutralization. J Infect Dis. 1984 May;149(5):694–702. doi: 10.1093/infdis/149.5.694. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Janke B. H., Nelson J. K., Benfield D. A., Nelson E. A. Relative prevalence of typical and atypical strains among rotaviruses from diarrheic pigs in conventional swine herds. J Vet Diagn Invest. 1990 Oct;2(4):308–311. doi: 10.1177/104063879000200410. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Jiang B. M., Qian Y., Tsunemitsu H., Green K. Y., Saif L. J. Analysis of the gene encoding the outer capsid glycoprotein (VP7) of group C rotaviruses by northern and dot blot hybridization. Virology. 1991 Sep;184(1):433–436. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(91)90864-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Jiang B. M., Saif L. J., Kang S. Y., Kim J. H. Biochemical characterization of the structural and nonstructural polypeptides of a porcine group C rotavirus. J Virol. 1990 Jul;64(7):3171–3178. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.7.3171-3178.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Matsumoto K., Hatano M., Kobayashi K., Hasegawa A., Yamazaki S., Nakata S., Chiba S., Kimura Y. An outbreak of gastroenteritis associated with acute rotaviral infection in schoolchildren. J Infect Dis. 1989 Oct;160(4):611–615. doi: 10.1093/infdis/160.4.611. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. McNulty M. S. Rotaviruses. J Gen Virol. 1978 Jul;40(1):1–18. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-40-1-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. McNulty M. S., Todd D., Allan G. M., McFerran J. B., Greene J. A. Epidemiology of rotavirus infection in broiler chickens: recognition of four serogroups. Arch Virol. 1984;81(1-2):113–121. doi: 10.1007/BF01309301. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Nagesha H. S., Hum C. P., Bridger J. C., Holmes I. H. Atypical rotaviruses in Australian pigs. Arch Virol. 1988;102(1-2):91–98. doi: 10.1007/BF01315565. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Offit P. A., Blavat G. Identification of the two rotavirus genes determining neutralization specificities. J Virol. 1986 Jan;57(1):376–378. doi: 10.1128/jvi.57.1.376-378.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Ojeh C. K., Jiang B. M., Tsunemitsu H., Kang S. Y., Weilnau P. A., Saif L. J. Reactivity of monoclonal antibodies to the 41-kilodalton protein of porcine group C rotavirus with homologous and heterologous rotavirus serogroups in immunofluorescence tests. J Clin Microbiol. 1991 Sep;29(9):2051–2055. doi: 10.1128/jcm.29.9.2051-2055.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Pedley S., Bridger J. C., Brown J. F., McCrae M. A. Molecular characterization of rotaviruses with distinct group antigens. J Gen Virol. 1983 Oct;64(Pt 10):2093–2101. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-64-10-2093. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Pedley S., Bridger J. C., Chasey D., McCrae M. A. Definition of two new groups of atypical rotaviruses. J Gen Virol. 1986 Jan;67(Pt 1):131–137. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-67-1-131. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Peñaranda M. E., Cubitt W. D., Sinarachatanant P., Taylor D. N., Likanonsakul S., Saif L., Glass R. I. Group C rotavirus infections in patients with diarrhea in Thailand, Nepal, and England. J Infect Dis. 1989 Sep;160(3):392–397. doi: 10.1093/infdis/160.3.392. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Qian Y. A., Jiang B. M., Saif L. J., Kang S. Y., Ishimaru Y., Yamashita Y., Oseto M., Green K. Y. Sequence conservation of gene 8 between human and porcine group C rotaviruses and its relationship to the VP7 gene of group A rotaviruses. Virology. 1991 Jun;182(2):562–569. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(91)90597-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Saif L. J., Bohl E. H., Kohler E. M., Hughes J. H. Immune electron microscopy of transmissible gastroenteritis virus and rotavirus (reovirus-like agent) of swine. Am J Vet Res. 1977 Jan;38(1):13–20. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Saif L. J., Bohl E. H., Theil K. W., Cross R. F., House J. A. Rotavirus-like, calicivirus-like, and 23-nm virus-like particles associated with diarrhea in young pigs. J Clin Microbiol. 1980 Jul;12(1):105–111. doi: 10.1128/jcm.12.1.105-111.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Saif L. J., Terrett L. A., Miller K. L., Cross R. F. Serial propagation of porcine group C rotavirus (pararotavirus) in a continuous cell line and characterization of the passaged virus. J Clin Microbiol. 1988 Jul;26(7):1277–1282. doi: 10.1128/jcm.26.7.1277-1282.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Snodgrass D. R., Herring A. J., Campbell I., Inglis J. M., Hargreaves F. D. Comparison of atypical rotaviruses from calves, piglets, lambs and man. J Gen Virol. 1984 May;65(Pt 5):909–914. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-65-5-909. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Terrett L. A., Saif L. J. Serial propagation of porcine group C rotavirus (pararotavirus) in primary porcine kidney cell cultures. J Clin Microbiol. 1987 Jul;25(7):1316–1319. doi: 10.1128/jcm.25.7.1316-1319.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Theil K. W., McCloskey C. M., Saif L. J., Redman D. R., Bohl E. H., Hancock D. D., Kohler E. M., Moorhead P. D. Rapid, simple method of preparing rotaviral double-stranded ribonucleic acid for analysis by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. J Clin Microbiol. 1981 Sep;14(3):273–280. doi: 10.1128/jcm.14.3.273-280.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Tsunemitsu H., Jiang B., Saif L. J. Detection of group C rotavirus antigens and antibodies in animals and humans by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. J Clin Microbiol. 1992 Aug;30(8):2129–2134. doi: 10.1128/jcm.30.8.2129-2134.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Tsunemitsu H., Saif L. J., Jiang B. M., Shimizu M., Hiro M., Yamaguchi H., Ishiyama T., Hirai T. Isolation, characterization, and serial propagation of a bovine group C rotavirus in a monkey kidney cell line (MA104). J Clin Microbiol. 1991 Nov;29(11):2609–2613. doi: 10.1128/jcm.29.11.2609-2613.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Ushijima H., Honma H., Mukoyama A., Shinozaki T., Fujita Y., Kobayashi M., Ohseto M., Morikawa S., Kitamura T. Detection of group C rotaviruses in Tokyo. J Med Virol. 1989 Apr;27(4):299–303. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890270408. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Wyatt R. G., Greenberg H. B., James W. D., Pittman A. L., Kalica A. R., Flores J., Chanock R. M., Kapikian A. Z. Definition of human rotavirus serotypes by plaque reduction assay. Infect Immun. 1982 Jul;37(1):110–115. doi: 10.1128/iai.37.1.110-115.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Clinical Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES