Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Clinical Microbiology logoLink to Journal of Clinical Microbiology
. 1983 Oct;18(4):905–911. doi: 10.1128/jcm.18.4.905-911.1983

Spin membrane immunoassay for use in meningococcal serology.

A I Vistnes, E Rosenqvist, L O Frøholm
PMCID: PMC270928  PMID: 6313752

Abstract

A modified and improved spin membrane immunoassay has been developed for detecting complement-activating antibodies to Neisseria meningitidis capsular polysaccharide antigens. The polysaccharides were incorporated in the membranes of large unilamellar vesicles prepared by the reverse-phase evaporation method and filled with the water-soluble spin label tempocholine chloride. Upon addition of group-specific antisera and complement, the lipid membrane was damaged and the spin label leaked out. This process was monitored by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. A satisfactory assay was developed for polysaccharides of group A and C, whereas in the case of the B system the assay was more labile. The method is rapid and has a sensitivity comparable to that of radioimmunoassay. When studying paired sera from five recruits vaccinated with an A + C polysaccharide vaccine, significant rises in titers to both A and C polysaccharides were observed in all the postvaccination sera.

Full text

PDF
905

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Allen T. M., Cleland L. G. Serum-induced leakage of liposome contents. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1980 Apr 10;597(2):418–426. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(80)90118-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Artenstein M. S., Brandt B. L., Tramont E. C., Branche W. C., Jr, Fleet H. D., Cohen R. L. Serologic studies of meningococcal infection and polysaccharide vaccination. J Infect Dis. 1971 Sep;124(3):277–288. doi: 10.1093/infdis/124.3.277. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Boggs J. M., Samji N., Moscarello M. A., Hashim G. A., Day E. D. Immune lysis of reconstituted myelin basic protein--lipid vesicles and myelin vesicles. J Immunol. 1983 Apr;130(4):1687–1694. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chan S. W., Tan C. T., Hsia J. C. Spin membrane immunoassay: simplicity and specificity. J Immunol Methods. 1978;21(1-2):185–195. doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(78)90235-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. FARR R. S. A quantitative immunochemical measure of the primary interaction between I BSA and antibody. J Infect Dis. 1958 Nov-Dec;103(3):239–262. doi: 10.1093/infdis/103.3.239. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Frasch C. E., Robbins J. D. Protection against group B meningococcal disease. III. Immunogenicity of serotype 2 vaccines and specificity of protection in a guinea pig model. J Exp Med. 1978 Mar 1;147(3):629–644. doi: 10.1084/jem.147.3.629. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Goldschneider I., Gotschlich E. C., Artenstein M. S. Human immunity to the meningococcus. I. The role of humoral antibodies. J Exp Med. 1969 Jun 1;129(6):1307–1326. doi: 10.1084/jem.129.6.1307. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Goldschneider I., Gotschlich E. C., Artenstein M. S. Human immunity to the meningococcus. II. Development of natural immunity. J Exp Med. 1969 Jun 1;129(6):1327–1348. doi: 10.1084/jem.129.6.1327. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Gotschlich E. C., Fraser B. A., Nishimura O., Robbins J. B., Liu T. Y. Lipid on capsular polysaccharides of gram-negative bacteria. J Biol Chem. 1981 Sep 10;256(17):8915–8921. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Gotschlich E. C., Goldschneider I., Artenstein M. S. Human immunity to the meningococcus. IV. Immunogenicity of group A and group C meningococcal polysaccharides in human volunteers. J Exp Med. 1969 Jun 1;129(6):1367–1384. doi: 10.1084/jem.129.6.1367. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Gotschlich E. C., Liu T. Y., Artenstein M. S. Human immunity to the meningococcus. 3. Preparation and immunochemical properties of the group A, group B, and group C meningococcal polysaccharides. J Exp Med. 1969 Jun 1;129(6):1349–1365. doi: 10.1084/jem.129.6.1349. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Griffiss J. M. Bactericidal activity of meningococcal antisera. Blocking by IgA of lytic antibody in human convalescent sera. J Immunol. 1975 Jun;114(6):1779–1784. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hsia J. C., Tan C. T. Membrane immunoassay: principle and applications of spin membrane immunoassay. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1978;308:139–148. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1978.tb22019.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Humphries G. K., McConnell H. M. Immune lysis of liposomes and erythrocyte ghosts loaded with spin label. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 May;71(5):1691–1694. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.5.1691. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Kinsky S. C., Haxby J. A., Zopf D. A., Alving C. R., Kinsky C. B. Complement-dependent damage to liposomes prepared from pure lipids and Forssman hapten. Biochemistry. 1969 Oct;8(10):4149–4158. doi: 10.1021/bi00838a036. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Kornberg R. D., McConnell H. M. Inside-outside transitions of phospholipids in vesicle membranes. Biochemistry. 1971 Mar 30;10(7):1111–1120. doi: 10.1021/bi00783a003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Käyhty H. Comparison of passive hemagglutination, bactericidal activity, and radioimmunological methods in measuring antibody responses to Neisseria meningitidis group A capsular polysaccharide vaccine. J Clin Microbiol. 1980 Aug;12(2):256–263. doi: 10.1128/jcm.12.2.256-263.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Käyhty H., Jousimies-Somer H., Peltola H., Mäketä P. H. Antibody response to capsular polysaccharides of groups A and C neisseria meningitidis and Haemophilus influenzae type b during bacteremic disease. J Infect Dis. 1981 Jan;143(1):32–41. doi: 10.1093/infdis/143.1.32. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lifely M. R., Gilbert A. S., Moreno C. Sialic acid polysaccharide antigens of Neisseria meningitidis and Escherichia coli: esterification between adjacent residues. Carbohydr Res. 1981 Aug 1;94(2):193–203. doi: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)80717-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Mandrell R. E., Zollinger W. D. Measurement of antibodies to meningococcal group B polysaccharide: low avidity binding and equilibrium binding constants. J Immunol. 1982 Nov;129(5):2172–2178. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Muschel L. H., Gustafson L., Larsen L. J. Re-examination of the Neisser-Wechsberg (antibody prozone) phenomenon. Immunology. 1969 Oct;17(4):525–533. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Rosenqvist E., Michaelsen T. E., Vistnes A. I. Effect of streptolysin O and digitonin on egg lecithin/cholesterol vesicles. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1980 Jul 16;600(1):91–102. doi: 10.1016/0005-2736(80)90414-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Rosenqvist E., Vistnes A. I. Immune lysis of spin label loaded liposomes incorporating cardiolipin; a new sensitive method for detecting anticardiolipin antibodies in syphilis serology. J Immunol Methods. 1977;15(2):147–155. doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(77)90025-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Szoka F., Jr, Papahadjopoulos D. Procedure for preparation of liposomes with large internal aqueous space and high capture by reverse-phase evaporation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Sep;75(9):4194–4198. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.9.4194. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Tan C. T., Chan S. W., Hsia J. C. Membrane immunoassay: a spin membrane immunoassay for thyroxine. Methods Enzymol. 1981;74(Pt 100):152–161. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(81)74010-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Wei R., Alving C. R., Richards R. L., Copeland E. S. Liposome spin immunoassay: a new sensitive method for detecting lipid substances in aqueous media. J Immunol Methods. 1975 Dec;9(2):165–170. doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(75)90107-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Wyle F. A., Artenstein M. S., Brandt B. L., Tramont E. C., Kasper D. L., Altieri P. L., Berman S. L., Lowenthal J. P. Immunologic response of man to group B meningococcal polysaccharide vaccines. J Infect Dis. 1972 Nov;126(5):514–521. doi: 10.1093/infdis/126.5.514. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Zollinger W. D., Boslego J. W. A general approach to standardization of the solid-phase radioimmunoassay for quantitation of class-specific antibodies. J Immunol Methods. 1981;46(2):129–140. doi: 10.1016/0022-1759(81)90130-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Zollinger W. D., Mandrell R. E., Altieri P., Berman S., Lowenthal J., Artenstein M. S. Safety and immunogenicity of a Neisseria meningitidis type 2 protein vaccine in animals and humans. J Infect Dis. 1978 Jun;137(6):728–739. doi: 10.1093/infdis/137.6.728. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Zollinger W. D., Mandrell R. E., Griffiss J. M., Altieri P., Berman S. Complex of meningococcal group B polysaccharide and type 2 outer membrane protein immunogenic in man. J Clin Invest. 1979 May;63(5):836–848. doi: 10.1172/JCI109383. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Zollinger W. D., Mandrell R. E. Importance of complement source in bactericidal activity of human antibody and murine monoclonal antibody to meningococcal group B polysaccharide. Infect Immun. 1983 Apr;40(1):257–264. doi: 10.1128/iai.40.1.257-264.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Clinical Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES