Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Clinical Microbiology logoLink to Journal of Clinical Microbiology
. 1983 Dec;18(6):1329–1334. doi: 10.1128/jcm.18.6.1329-1334.1983

Biotin-avidin-amplified enzyme immunoassay for detection of herpes simplex virus antigen in clinical specimens.

K Adler-Storthz, C Kendall, R C Kennedy, R D Henkel, G R Dreesman
PMCID: PMC272902  PMID: 6317711

Abstract

A biotin-avidin-amplified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (B-A ELISA) has been developed to detect herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2 antigens in clinical specimens. The test was designed as a solid-phase, double-antibody, sandwich assay in which plates were coated with a polyclonal rabbit immunoglobulin G anti-HSV reagent, and the sandwich antibody was a biotin-labeled mouse immunoglobulin M monoclonal antibody that reacts with a common antigen associated with HSV-1 and HSV-2. The test can be completed in 4 h if antibody-coated plates are available. The detection limit of the B-A ELISA, determined by titration of virus stocks, was found to be approximately 90 PFU or 6 X 10(3) physical particles of either HSV-1 or HSV-2 per 50 microliter of virus stock. The following results were obtained in a study in which swabs were taken from a variety of lesions and assayed for infectivity in tissue culture and by B-A ELISA. Of 421 suspected HSV lesions tested, 69 were positive by both tests and 159 were negative by both tests. A total of 122 were positive by B-A ELISA but negative for infectivity. Seventy-one were negative by B-A ELISA but contained infectious virus. The HSV specificity of the assay was substantiated by partial blocking of reactivity with rabbit immunoglobulin G anti-HSV and by the absence of reactivity with a nonspecific biotin-labeled mouse immunoglobulin M monoclonal antibody.

Full text

PDF
1330

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Adam E., Dreesman G. E., Kaufman R. H., Melnick J. L. Asymptomatic virus shedding after herpes genitalis. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1980 Aug 1;137(7):827–830. doi: 10.1016/0002-9378(80)90893-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Balachandran N., Frame B., Chernesky M., Kraiselburd E., Kouri Y., Garcia D., Lavery C., Rawls W. E. Identification and typing of herpes simplex viruses with monoclonal antibodies. J Clin Microbiol. 1982 Jul;16(1):205–208. doi: 10.1128/jcm.16.1.205-208.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Dreesman G. R., Benyesh-Melnick M. Spectrum of human cytomegalovirus complement-fixing antigens. J Immunol. 1967 Dec;99(6):1106–1114. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Green N. M. Avidin. Adv Protein Chem. 1975;29:85–133. doi: 10.1016/s0065-3233(08)60411-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Guesdon J. L., Ternynck T., Avrameas S. The use of avidin-biotin interaction in immunoenzymatic techniques. J Histochem Cytochem. 1979 Aug;27(8):1131–1139. doi: 10.1177/27.8.90074. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. KAPSENBERG J. G. POSSIBLE ANTIGENIC RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN VARICELLA ZOSTER VIRUS AND HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS. Arch Gesamte Virusforsch. 1964 Sep 9;15:67–73. doi: 10.1007/BF01241422. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Kendall C., Ionescu-Matiu I., Dreesman G. R. Utilization of the biotin/avidin system to amplify the sensitivity of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). J Immunol Methods. 1983 Feb 11;56(3):329–339. doi: 10.1016/s0022-1759(83)80022-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kennedy R. C., Adler-Storthz K., Henkel R. D., Dreesman G. R. Characteristics of a shared idiotype by two IgM anti-herpes simplex virus monoclonal antibodies that recognize different determinants. J Immunol. 1983 Apr;130(4):1943–1946. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. McCombs R. M., Melnick M. B., Brunschwig J. P. Biophysical studies of vesicular stomatitis virus. J Bacteriol. 1966 Feb;91(2):803–812. doi: 10.1128/jb.91.2.803-812.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Nerurkar L. S., Jacob A. J., Madden D. L., Sever J. L. Detection of genital herpes simplex infections by a tissue culture-fluorescent-antibody technique with biotin-avidin. J Clin Microbiol. 1983 Jan;17(1):149–154. doi: 10.1128/jcm.17.1.149-154.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Nilheden E., Jeansson S., Vahlne A. Typing of herpes simplex virus by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with monoclonal antibodies. J Clin Microbiol. 1983 Apr;17(4):677–680. doi: 10.1128/jcm.17.4.677-680.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Pereira L., Dondero D. V., Gallo D., Devlin V., Woodie J. D. Serological analysis of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 with monoclonal antibodies. Infect Immun. 1982 Jan;35(1):363–367. doi: 10.1128/iai.35.1.363-367.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Peterson E., Schmidt O. W., Goldstein L. C., Nowinski R. C., Corey L. Typing of clinical herpes simplex virus isolates with mouse monoclonal antibodies to herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2: comparison with type-specific rabbit antisera and restriction endonuclease analysis of viral DNA. J Clin Microbiol. 1983 Jan;17(1):92–96. doi: 10.1128/jcm.17.1.92-96.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Pronovost A. D., Baumgarten A., Andiman W. A. Chemiluminescent immunoenzymatic assay for rapid diagnosis of viral infections. J Clin Microbiol. 1982 Aug;16(2):345–349. doi: 10.1128/jcm.16.2.345-349.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Pronovost A. D., Baumgarten A., Hsiung G. D. Sensitive chemiluminescent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantification of human immunoglobulin G and detection of herpes simplex virus. J Clin Microbiol. 1981 Jan;13(1):97–101. doi: 10.1128/jcm.13.1.97-101.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Richman D. D., Cleveland P. H., Oxman M. N. A rapid enzyme immunofiltration technique using monoclonal antibodies to serotype herpes simplex virus. J Med Virol. 1982;9(4):299–305. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890090408. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Schmidt N. J. Further evidence for common antigens in herpes simplex and varicella-zoster viruses. J Med Virol. 1982;9(1):27–36. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890090105. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Schmidt N. J., Lennette E. H., Magoffin R. L. Immunological relationship between herpes simplex and varicella-zoster viruses demonstrated by complement-fixation, neutralization and fluorescent antibody tests. J Gen Virol. 1969 Apr;4(3):321–328. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-4-3-321. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Shiraki K., Okuno T., Yamanishi K., Takahashi M. Polypeptides of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and immunological relationship of VZV and herpes simplex virus (HSV). J Gen Virol. 1982 Aug;61(Pt 2):255–269. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-61-2-255. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Wands J. R., Bruns R. R., Carlson R. I., Ware A., Menitove J. E., Isselbacher K. J. Monoclonal IgM radioimmunoassay for hepatitis B surface antigen: high binding activity in serum that is unreactive with conventional antibodies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Feb;79(4):1277–1281. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.4.1277. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Wands J. R., Carlson R. I., Schoemaker H., Isselbacher K. J., Zurawski V. R., Jr Immunodiagnosis of hepatitis B with high-affinity IgM monoclonal antibodies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Feb;78(2):1214–1218. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.2.1214. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Yolken R. H. Enzyme immunoassays for the detection of infectious antigens in body fluids: current limitations and future prospects. Rev Infect Dis. 1982 Jan-Feb;4(1):35–68. doi: 10.1093/clinids/4.1.35. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Yolken R. H., Leister F. J., Whitcomb L. S., Santosham M. Enzyme immunoassays for the detection of bacterial antigens utilizing biotin-labeled antibody and peroxidase biotin--avidin complex. J Immunol Methods. 1983 Feb 11;56(3):319–327. doi: 10.1016/s0022-1759(83)80021-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Yolken R. H., Stopa P. J. Enzyme-linked fluorescence assay: Ultrasensitive solid-phase assay for detection of human rotavirus. J Clin Microbiol. 1979 Sep;10(3):317–321. doi: 10.1128/jcm.10.3.317-321.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Clinical Microbiology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES