Abstract
Okuda, Kiyoshi (Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Hawaii, Honolulu), Gordon C. Edwards, and Theodore Winnick. Biosynthesis of gramicidin and tyrocidine in the Dubos strain of Bacillus brevis. I. Experiments with growing cultures. J. Bacteriol. 85:329–338. 1963.—A simple chromatographic method was developed for the isolation of gramicidin and tyrocidine from tyrothricin of Bacillus brevis. A Tryptone-yeast extract-glucose medium containing mineral salts gave the best yields of peptides in a stationary culture of the organism. The incorporation of suitable C14-labeled amino acids into gramicidin and tyrocidine was studied Several analogues of tyrocidine amino acids (β-hydroxyglutamic acid, pipecolic acid, β-2-thienylalanine, p-fluorophenylalanine, and phenyl glycine) selectively reduced tyrocidine synthesis, when added to the nutrient medium. At the same time, the production of gramicidin was augmented. Growth and protein synthesis were not affected. Two analogues in isotopic form, β-2-thienylalanine and isoleucine, were shown to give rise to high degrees of labeling in tyrocidine.
Full text
PDF
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- CRAIG L. C., GREGORY J. D., BARRY G. T. Studies on polypeptides and amino acids by countercurrent distribution. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1950;14:24–31. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1950.014.01.005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- KATZ E. Biogenesis of the actinomycins. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1960 Oct 5;89:304–322. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1960.tb20154.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- MILLER P. A., MUELLER J. H. Essential role of histidine peptides in tetanus toxin production. J Biol Chem. 1956 Nov;223(1):185–194. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- MUNIER R., COHEN G. N. Incorporation d'analogues structuraux d'aminoacides dans les protéines bactériennes au cours de leur synthèse in vivo. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1959 Feb;31(2):378–391. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(59)90011-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- WINNICK R. E., LIS H., WINNICK T. Biosynthesis of gramicidin S. I. General characteristics of the process in growing cultures of Bacillus brevis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1961 May 27;49:451–462. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(61)90242-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- WINNICK R. E., WINNICK T. Biosynthesis of gramicidin S. II. Incorporation experiments with labeled amino acid analogs, and the amino acid activation process. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1961 Nov 11;53:461–468. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(61)90203-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]