Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Microbiological Reviews logoLink to Microbiological Reviews
. 1982 Sep;46(3):341–375. doi: 10.1128/mr.46.3.341-375.1982

Bacterial growth and division: genes, structures, forces, and clocks.

N H Mendelson
PMCID: PMC281548  PMID: 6182451

Full text

PDF
341

Images in this article

352Image
on p.352
353Image
on p.353
354Image
on p.354
357Image
on p.357
364Image
on p.364

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Adler H. I., Fisher W. D., Cohen A., Hardigree A. A. MINIATURE escherichia coli CELLS DEFICIENT IN DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1967 Feb;57(2):321–326. doi: 10.1073/pnas.57.2.321. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Amako K., Umeda A., Murata K. Arrangement of peptidoglycan in the cell wall of Staphylococcus spp. J Bacteriol. 1982 May;150(2):844–850. doi: 10.1128/jb.150.2.844-850.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bachmann B. J., Low K. B. Linkage map of Escherichia coli K-12, edition 6. Microbiol Rev. 1980 Mar;44(1):1–56. doi: 10.1128/mr.44.1.1-56.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Beeson J., Sueoka N. Membrane enrichment of genetic markers close to the origin and terminus during the deoxyribonucleic acid replication cycle in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1979 Sep;139(3):911–916. doi: 10.1128/jb.139.3.911-916.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Begg K. J., Doanachie W. D. Growth of the Escherichia coli cell surface. J Bacteriol. 1977 Mar;129(3):1524–1536. doi: 10.1128/jb.129.3.1524-1536.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Begg K. J., Donachie W. D. Changes in cell size and shape in thymine-requiring Escherichia coli associated with growth in low concentrations of thymine. J Bacteriol. 1978 Feb;133(2):452–458. doi: 10.1128/jb.133.2.452-458.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Begg K. J., Donachie W. D. Topography of outer membrane growth in E. coli. Nat New Biol. 1973 Sep 12;245(141):38–39. doi: 10.1038/newbio245038a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Bird R. E., Louarn J., Martuscelli J., Caro L. Origin and sequence of chromosome replication in Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol. 1972 Oct 14;70(3):549–566. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(72)90559-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Bird R., Lark K. G. Initiation and termination of DNA replication after amino acid starvation of E. coli 15T-. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1968;33:799–808. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1968.033.01.092. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Bloom G. D., Gumpert J., Normark S., Schuhmann E., Taubeneck U., Westling B. Morphology and growth pattern of a rod-negative envB mutant of Escherichia coli K12. Z Allg Mikrobiol. 1974;14(6):465–477. doi: 10.1002/jobm.3630140603. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Boylan R. J., Mendelson N. H., Brooks D., Young F. E. Regulation of the bacterial cell wall: analysis of a mutant of Bacillus subtilis defective in biosynthesis of teichoic acid. J Bacteriol. 1972 Apr;110(1):281–290. doi: 10.1128/jb.110.1.281-290.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Boylan R. J., Mendelson N. H. Initial characterization of a temperature-sensitive rod--mutant of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1969 Dec;100(3):1316–1321. doi: 10.1128/jb.100.3.1316-1321.1969. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Braun V., Gnirke H., Henning U., Rehn K. Model for the structure of the shape-maintaining layer of the Escherichia coli cell envelope. J Bacteriol. 1973 Jun;114(3):1264–1270. doi: 10.1128/jb.114.3.1264-1270.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Breakefield X. O., Landman O. E. Temperature-sensitive divisionless mutant of Bacillus subtilis defective in the initiation of septation. J Bacteriol. 1973 Feb;113(2):985–998. doi: 10.1128/jb.113.2.985-998.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Bremer H., Chuang L. The cell cycle in Escherichia coli B/r. J Theor Biol. 1981 Jan 7;88(1):47–81. doi: 10.1016/0022-5193(81)90328-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Bremer H., Churchward G. An examination of the Cooper-Helmstetter theory of DNA replication in bacteria and its underlying assumptions. J Theor Biol. 1977 Dec 21;69(4):645–654. doi: 10.1016/0022-5193(77)90373-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Brown W. C., Wilson C. R., Lukehart S., Young F. E., Shiflett M. A. Analysis of autolysins in temperature-sensitive morphological mutants of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1976 Jan;125(1):166–173. doi: 10.1128/jb.125.1.166-173.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Buchanan C. E. Topographical distribution of penicillin-binding proteins in the Escherichia coli membrane. J Bacteriol. 1981 Mar;145(3):1293–1298. doi: 10.1128/jb.145.3.1293-1298.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Burdett I. D. Electron microscope study of the rod-to-coccus shape change in a temperature-sensitive rod- mutant of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1979 Mar;137(3):1395–1405. doi: 10.1128/jb.137.3.1395-1405.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Burdett I. D., Higgins M. L. Study of pole assembly in Bacillus subtilis by computer reconstruction of septal growth zones seen in central, longitudinal thin sections of cells. J Bacteriol. 1978 Feb;133(2):959–971. doi: 10.1128/jb.133.2.959-971.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Burdett I. D., Murray R. G. Electron microscope study of septum formation in Escherichia coli strains B and B-r during synchronous growth. J Bacteriol. 1974 Sep;119(3):1039–1056. doi: 10.1128/jb.119.3.1039-1056.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Burdett I. D., Murray R. G. Septum formation in Escherichia coli: characterization of septal structure and the effects of antibiotics on cell division. J Bacteriol. 1974 Jul;119(1):303–324. doi: 10.1128/jb.119.1.303-324.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Burge R. E., Fowler A. G., Reaveley D. A. Structure of the peptidogylcan of bacterial cell walls. I. J Mol Biol. 1977 Dec 25;117(4):927–953. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(77)80006-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. COLE R. M., HAHN J. J. Cell wall replication in Streptococcus pyogenes. Science. 1962 Mar 2;135(3505):722–724. doi: 10.1126/science.135.3505.722. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Callister H., Wake R. G. Characterization and mapping of temperature-sensitive division initiation mutations of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1981 Feb;145(2):1042–1051. doi: 10.1128/jb.145.2.1042-1051.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Callister H., Wake R. G. Completion of the replication and division cycle in temperature-sensitive DNA initiation mutants of Bacillus subtilis 168 at the non-permissive temperature. J Mol Biol. 1977 Nov 25;117(1):71–84. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(77)90023-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Chai N. C., Lark K. G. Cytological studies of deoxyribonucleic acid replication in Escherichia coli 15T-: replication at slow growth rates and after a shift-up into rich medium. J Bacteriol. 1970 Oct;104(1):401–409. doi: 10.1128/jb.104.1.401-409.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Clark D. J. The regulation of DNA replication and cell division in E. coli B-r. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1968;33:823–838. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1968.033.01.094. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Cole R. M., Popkin T. J., Boylan R. J., Mendelson N. H. Ultrastructure of a temperature-sensitive rod- mutant of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1970 Sep;103(3):793–810. doi: 10.1128/jb.103.3.793-810.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Cooper S., Helmstetter C. E. Chromosome replication and the division cycle of Escherichia coli B/r. J Mol Biol. 1968 Feb 14;31(3):519–540. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(68)90425-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Cooper S., Schwimmer M., Scanlon S. Probabilistic behavior of DNA segregation in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1978 Apr;134(1):60–65. doi: 10.1128/jb.134.1.60-65.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Cooper S., Weinberger M. Medium-dependent variation of deoxyribonucleic acid segregation in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1977 Apr;130(1):118–127. doi: 10.1128/jb.130.1.118-127.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Copeland J. C., Marmur J. Identification of conserved genetic functions in Bacillus by use of temperature-sensitive mutants. Bacteriol Rev. 1968 Dec;32(4 Pt 1):302–312. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Coyne S. I., Mendelson N. H. Clonal analysis of cell division in the Bacillus subtilis div IV-B1 minicell-producing mutant. J Bacteriol. 1974 Apr;118(1):15–20. doi: 10.1128/jb.118.1.15-20.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Cullum J., Vicente M. Cell growth and length distribution in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1978 Apr;134(1):330–337. doi: 10.1128/jb.134.1.330-337.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Darby V., Holland I. B. A kinetic analysis of cell division, and induction and stability of recA protein in U.V. Irradiated ion+ and ion-strains of Escherichia coli K12. Mol Gen Genet. 1979 Oct 2;176(1):121–128. doi: 10.1007/BF00334303. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Donachie W. D., Begg K. J. Growth of the bacterial cell. Nature. 1970 Sep 19;227(5264):1220–1224. doi: 10.1038/2271220a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Donachie W. D., Begg K. J., Lutkenhaus J. F., Salmond G. P., Martinez-Salas E., Vincente M. Role of the ftsA gene product in control of Escherichia coli cell division. J Bacteriol. 1979 Nov;140(2):388–394. doi: 10.1128/jb.140.2.388-394.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Donachie W. D., Begg K. J., Vicente M. Cell length, cell growth and cell division. Nature. 1976 Nov 25;264(5584):328–333. doi: 10.1038/264328a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Donachie W. D., Martin D. T., Begg K. J. Independence of cell division and DNA replication in Bacillus subtilis. Nat New Biol. 1971 Jun 30;231(26):274–276. doi: 10.1038/newbio231274a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Donachie W. D. Relationship between cell size and time of initiation of DNA replication. Nature. 1968 Sep 7;219(5158):1077–1079. doi: 10.1038/2191077a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Doyle R. J., Streips U. N., Imada S., Fan V. S., Brown W. C. Genetic transformation with cell wall-associated deoxyribonucleic acid in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1980 Dec;144(3):957–966. doi: 10.1128/jb.144.3.957-966.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Drlica K., Engle E. C., Manes S. H. DNA gyrase on the bacterial chromosome: possibility of two levels of action. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Nov;77(11):6879–6883. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.11.6879. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Dworsky P., Schaechter M. Effect of rifampin on the structure and membrane attachment of the nucleoid of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1973 Dec;116(3):1364–1374. doi: 10.1128/jb.116.3.1364-1374.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Engle E. C., Manes S. H., Drlica K. Differential effects of antibiotics inhibiting gyrase. J Bacteriol. 1982 Jan;149(1):92–98. doi: 10.1128/jb.149.1.92-98.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. Fan D. P. Autolysin(s) of Bacillus subtilis as dechaining enzyme. J Bacteriol. 1970 Aug;103(2):494–499. doi: 10.1128/jb.103.2.494-499.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Fan D. P., Beckman B. E., Beckman M. M. Cell wall turnover at the hemispherical caps of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1974 Mar;117(3):1330–1334. doi: 10.1128/jb.117.3.1330-1334.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Fan D. P., Beckman B. E. Structural difference between walls from hemispherical caps and partial septa of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1973 May;114(2):790–797. doi: 10.1128/jb.114.2.790-797.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Fan D. P., Beckman M. M. Mutant of Bacillus subtilis demonstrating the requirement of lysis for growth. J Bacteriol. 1971 Feb;105(2):629–636. doi: 10.1128/jb.105.2.629-636.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Fan D. P., Pelvit M. C., Cunningham W. P. Structural difference between walls from ends and sides of the rod-shaped bacterium Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1972 Mar;109(3):1266–1272. doi: 10.1128/jb.109.3.1266-1272.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Fein J. E. Helical growth and macrofiber formation of Bacillus subtilis 168 autolytic enzyme deficient mutants. Can J Microbiol. 1980 Mar;26(3):330–337. doi: 10.1139/m80-054. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. Fein J. E., Rogers H. J. Autolytic enzyme-deficient mutants of Bacillus subtilis 168. J Bacteriol. 1976 Sep;127(3):1427–1442. doi: 10.1128/jb.127.3.1427-1442.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. Fletcher G., Irwin C. A., Henson J. M., Fillingim C., Malone M. M., Walker J. R. Identification of the Escherichia coli cell division gene sep and organization of the cell division-cell envelope genes in the sep-mur-ftsA-envA cluster as determined with specialized transducing lambda bacteriophages. J Bacteriol. 1978 Jan;133(1):91–100. doi: 10.1128/jb.133.1.91-100.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  54. Formanek H., Formanek S., Wawra H. A three-dimensional atomic model of the murein layer of bacteria. Eur J Biochem. 1974 Jul 15;46(2):279–294. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03620.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  55. Gellert M., Mizuuchi K., O'Dea M. H., Nash H. A. DNA gyrase: an enzyme that introduces superhelical turns into DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Nov;73(11):3872–3876. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.11.3872. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  56. Gilpin R. W., Nagy S. S. Time-lapse photography of Bacillus subtilis L-forms replicating in liquid medium. J Bacteriol. 1976 Aug;127(2):1018–1021. doi: 10.1128/jb.127.2.1018-1021.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  57. Gilpin R. W., Patterson S. K. Adaptation of a stable L-form of Bacillus subtilis to minimal salts medium without osmotic stabilizers. J Bacteriol. 1976 Mar;125(3):845–849. doi: 10.1128/jb.125.3.845-849.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  58. Gilpin R. W., Young F. E., Chatterjee A. N. Characterization of a stable L-form of Bacillus subtilis 168. J Bacteriol. 1973 Jan;113(1):486–499. doi: 10.1128/jb.113.1.486-499.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  59. Grossman N., Ron E. Z. Initiation of deoxyribonucleic acid replication in Escherichia coli B: uncoupling from mass/deoxyribonucleic acid ratio. J Bacteriol. 1980 Jul;143(1):100–104. doi: 10.1128/jb.143.1.100-104.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  60. Grover N. B., Woldringh C. L., Zaritsky A., Rosenberger R. F. Elongation of rod-shaped bacteria. J Theor Biol. 1977 Jul 21;67(2):181–193. doi: 10.1016/0022-5193(77)90192-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  61. Gudas L. J., James R., Paradee A. B. Evidence of the involvement of an outer membrane protein in DNA initiation. J Biol Chem. 1976 Jun 10;251(11):3470–3479. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  62. HOWARD-FLANDERS P., SIMSON E., THERIOT L. A LOCUS THAT CONTROLS FILAMENT FORMATION AND SENSITIVITY TO RADIATION IN ESCHERICHIA COLI K-12. Genetics. 1964 Feb;49:237–246. doi: 10.1093/genetics/49.2.237. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  63. Hanawalt P. C., Cooper P. K., Ganesan A. K., Smith C. A. DNA repair in bacteria and mammalian cells. Annu Rev Biochem. 1979;48:783–836. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.48.070179.004031. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  64. Harford N. Bidirectional chromosome replication in Bacillus subtilis 168. J Bacteriol. 1975 Mar;121(3):835–847. doi: 10.1128/jb.121.3.835-847.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  65. Hariharan I. K., Czolij R., Wake R. G. Conformation and segregation of nucleoids accompanying cell length extension after completion of a single round of DNA replication in germinated and outgrowing Bacillus subtilis spores. J Bacteriol. 1982 May;150(2):861–869. doi: 10.1128/jb.150.2.861-869.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  66. Harmon J. M., Taber H. W. Altered accumulation of a membrane protein unique to a membrane-deoxyribonucleic acid complex in a dna initiation mutant of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1977 Jun;130(3):1224–1233. doi: 10.1128/jb.130.3.1224-1233.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  67. Helmstetter C. E., Krajewski C. A. Initiation of chromosome replication in dnaA and dnaC mutants of Escherichia coli B/r F. J Bacteriol. 1982 Feb;149(2):685–693. doi: 10.1128/jb.149.2.685-693.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  68. Helmstetter C. E., Pierucci O. DNA synthesis during the division cycle of three substrains of Escherichia coli B/r. J Mol Biol. 1976 Apr 15;102(3):477–486. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(76)90329-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  69. Henckes G., Vannier F., Buu A., Seror-Laurent S. J. Possible involvement of DNA-linked RNA in the initiation of Bacillus subtilis chromosome replication. J Bacteriol. 1982 Jan;149(1):79–91. doi: 10.1128/jb.149.1.79-91.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  70. Henner D. J., Hoch J. A. The Bacillus subtilis chromosome. Microbiol Rev. 1980 Mar;44(1):57–82. doi: 10.1128/mr.44.1.57-82.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  71. Henning U. L. Determination of cell shape in bacteria. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1975;29:45–60. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.29.100175.000401. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  72. Higgins M. L., Daneo-Moore L., Boothby D., Shockman G. D. Effect of inhibition of deoxyribonucleic acid and protein synthesis on the direction of cell wall growth in Streptococcus faecalis. J Bacteriol. 1974 May;118(2):681–692. doi: 10.1128/jb.118.2.681-692.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  73. Higgins M. L., Shockman G. D. Procaryotic cell division with respect to wall and membranes. CRC Crit Rev Microbiol. 1971 May;1(1):29–72. doi: 10.3109/10408417109104477. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  74. Higgins M. L., Shockman G. D. Study of cycle of cell wall assembly in Streptococcus faecalis by three-dimensional reconstructions of thin sections of cells. J Bacteriol. 1976 Sep;127(3):1346–1358. doi: 10.1128/jb.127.3.1346-1358.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  75. Higgins M. L. Three-dimensional reconstruction of whole cells of Streptococcus faecalis from thin sections of cells. J Bacteriol. 1976 Sep;127(3):1337–1345. doi: 10.1128/jb.127.3.1337-1345.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  76. Hirota Y., Mordoh J., Jacob F. On the process of cellular division in Escherichia coli. 3. Thermosensitive mutants of Escherichia coli altered in the process of DNA initiation. J Mol Biol. 1970 Nov 14;53(3):369–387. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(70)90072-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  77. Hirota Y., Ryter A., Jacob F. Thermosensitive mutants of E. coli affected in the processes of DNA synthesis and cellular division. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1968;33:677–693. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1968.033.01.077. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  78. Hitchins A. D. Spores as potential topological markers in bacterial DNA segregation studies. J Theor Biol. 1976 May 7;58(1):97–111. doi: 10.1016/0022-5193(76)90141-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  79. Holland B. Replication dissected. Nature. 1979 Nov 29;282(5738):445–447. doi: 10.1038/282445a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  80. Holmes M., Rickert M., Pierucci O. Cell division of cycle of Bacillus subtilis: evidence of variability in period D. J Bacteriol. 1980 Apr;142(1):254–261. doi: 10.1128/jb.142.1.254-261.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  81. Horowitz S., Doyle R. J., Young F. E., Streips U. N. Selective association of the chromosome with membrane in a stable L-form of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1979 Jun;138(3):915–922. doi: 10.1128/jb.138.3.915-922.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  82. Irwin C. A., Fletcher G., Sills C. L., Walker J. R. Expression of the Escherichia coli cell division gene sep cloned in a lambda Charon phage. Science. 1979 Oct 12;206(4415):220–222. doi: 10.1126/science.158216. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  83. Iterson W. V., Aten J. A. Nuclear and cell division in Bacillus subtilis: cell development from spore germination. J Bacteriol. 1976 Apr;126(1):384–399. doi: 10.1128/jb.126.1.384-399.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  84. Ivarie R. D., Pène J. J. Association of the Bacillus subtilis chromosome with the cell membrane: resolution of free and bound deoxyribonucleic acid on renografin gradients. J Bacteriol. 1970 Nov;104(2):839–850. doi: 10.1128/jb.104.2.839-850.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  85. Jones N. C., Donachie W. D. Protein synthesis and the release of the replicated chromosome from the cell membrane. Nature. 1974 Sep 20;251(5472):252–254. doi: 10.1038/251252a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  86. Kaguni J. M., Fuller R. S., Kornberg A. Enzymatic replication of E. coli chromosomal origin is bidirectional. Nature. 1982 Apr 15;296(5858):623–627. doi: 10.1038/296623a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  87. Karamata D., Gross J. D. Isolation and genetic analysis of temperature-sensitive mutants of B. subtilis defective in DNA synthesis. Mol Gen Genet. 1970;108(3):277–287. doi: 10.1007/BF00283358. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  88. Karamata D., McConnell M., Rogers H. J. Mapping of rod mutants of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1972 Jul;111(1):73–79. doi: 10.1128/jb.111.1.73-79.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  89. Koch A. L. Does the initiation of chromosome replication regulate cell division? Adv Microb Physiol. 1977;16:49–98. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2911(08)60047-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  90. Kohiyama M., Kollek R., Goebel W., Kepes A. Escherichia coli membrane proteins with an affinity for deoxyribonucleic acid. J Bacteriol. 1977 Feb;129(2):658–667. doi: 10.1128/jb.129.2.658-667.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  91. Kolter R., Helinski D. R. Regulation of initiation of DNA replication. Annu Rev Genet. 1979;13:355–391. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ge.13.120179.002035. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  92. Koppes L. H., Woldringh C. L., Nanninga N. Size variations and correlation of different cell cycle events in slow-growing Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1978 May;134(2):423–433. doi: 10.1128/jb.134.2.423-433.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  93. Koppes L. J., Meyer M., Oonk H. B., de Jong M. A., Nanninga N. Correlation between size and age at different events in the cell division cycle of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1980 Sep;143(3):1241–1252. doi: 10.1128/jb.143.3.1241-1252.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  94. Koppes L. J., Nanninga N. Positive correlation between size at initiation of chromosome replication in Escherichia coli and size at initiation of cell constriction. J Bacteriol. 1980 Jul;143(1):89–99. doi: 10.1128/jb.143.1.89-99.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  95. Koppes L. J., Overbeeke N., Nanninga N. DNA replication pattern and cell wall growth in Escherichia coli PAT 84. J Bacteriol. 1978 Mar;133(3):1053–1061. doi: 10.1128/jb.133.3.1053-1061.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  96. Kreuzer K. N., Cozzarelli N. R. Escherichia coli mutants thermosensitive for deoxyribonucleic acid gyrase subunit A: effects on deoxyribonucleic acid replication, transcription, and bacteriophage growth. J Bacteriol. 1979 Nov;140(2):424–435. doi: 10.1128/jb.140.2.424-435.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  97. LANDMAN O. E., HALLE S. ENZYMICALLY AND PHYSICALLY INDUCED INHERITANCE CHANGES IN BACILLUS SUBTILIS. J Mol Biol. 1963 Dec;7:721–738. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(63)80119-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  98. Landman O. E., Ryter A., Fréhel C. Gelatin-induced reversion of protoplasts of Bacillus subtilis to the bacillary form: electron-microscopic and physical study. J Bacteriol. 1968 Dec;96(6):2154–2170. doi: 10.1128/jb.96.6.2154-2170.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  99. Lapidot A., Irving C. S. Dynamic structure of whole cells probed by nuclear Overhauser enhanced nitrogen-15 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 May;74(5):1988–1992. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.5.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  100. Lark C. Regulation of deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis in Escherichia coli: dependence on growth rates. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1966 Jun 22;119(3):517–525. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(66)90128-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  101. Lark K. G. Evidence for the direct involvement of RNA in the initiation of DNA replication in Escherichia coli 15T. J Mol Biol. 1972 Feb 28;64(1):47–60. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(72)90320-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  102. Lark K. G. Regulation of chromosome replication and segregation in bacteria. Bacteriol Rev. 1966 Mar;30(1):3–32. doi: 10.1128/br.30.1.3-32.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  103. Lark K. G., Wechsler J. A. DNA replication in dnaB mutants of Escherichia coli: gene product interaction and synthesis of 4 S pieces. J Mol Biol. 1975 Feb 15;92(1):145–163. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(75)90095-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  104. Leibowitz P. J., Schaechter M. The attachment of the bacterial chromosome to the cell membrane. Int Rev Cytol. 1975;41:1–28. doi: 10.1016/s0074-7696(08)60964-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  105. Leonard A. C., Hucul J. A., Helmstetter C. E. Kinetics of minichromosome replication in Escherichia coli B/r. J Bacteriol. 1982 Feb;149(2):499–507. doi: 10.1128/jb.149.2.499-507.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  106. Louarn J., Patte J., Louarn J. M. Map position of the replication terminus on the Escherichia coli chromosome. Mol Gen Genet. 1979 Apr 17;172(1):7–11. doi: 10.1007/BF00276208. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  107. Lutkenhaus J. F., Donachie W. D. Identification of the ftsA gene product. J Bacteriol. 1979 Mar;137(3):1088–1094. doi: 10.1128/jb.137.3.1088-1094.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  108. MONOD J., CHANGEUX J. P., JACOB F. Allosteric proteins and cellular control systems. J Mol Biol. 1963 Apr;6:306–329. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(63)80091-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  109. Mach F., Engelbrecht H. Isolation and erste Charakterisierung einer temperatursensitiven filamentösen Mutante von Bacillus subtilis SB 19. Z Allg Mikrobiol. 1970;10(6):383–395. doi: 10.1002/jobm.3630100603. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  110. Markiewicz Z., Broome-Smith J. K., Schwarz U., Spratt B. G. Spherical E. coli due to elevated levels of D-alanine carboxypeptidase. Nature. 1982 Jun 24;297(5868):702–704. doi: 10.1038/297702a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  111. Marr A. G., Harvey R. J., Trentini W. C. Growth and division of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1966 Jun;91(6):2388–2389. doi: 10.1128/jb.91.6.2388-2389.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  112. Martínez-Salas E., Vicente M. Amber mutation affecting the length of Escherichia coli cells. J Bacteriol. 1980 Nov;144(2):532–541. doi: 10.1128/jb.144.2.532-541.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  113. Marvin D. A. Control of DNA replication by membrane. Nature. 1968 Aug 3;219(5153):485–486. doi: 10.1038/219485a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  114. Masters M., Broda P. Evidence for the bidirectional replications of the Escherichia coli chromosome. Nat New Biol. 1971 Aug 4;232(31):137–140. doi: 10.1038/newbio232137a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  115. Mauck J., Glaser L. On the mode of in vivo assembly of the cell wall of Bacillus subtilis. J Biol Chem. 1972 Feb 25;247(4):1180–1187. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  116. McGinness T., Wake R. G. Completed Bacillus subtilis nucleoid as a doublet structure. J Bacteriol. 1979 Nov;140(2):730–733. doi: 10.1128/jb.140.2.730-733.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  117. McGinness T., Wake R. G. Division septation in the absence of chromosome termination in Bacillus subtilis. J Mol Biol. 1979 Oct 25;134(2):251–264. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(79)90035-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  118. Mendelson N. H. Can defective segregation prevent initiation? Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1968;33:313–316. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1968.033.01.035. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  119. Mendelson N. H. Cell division suppression in the Bacillus subtilis div IC-A1 minicell-producing mutant. J Bacteriol. 1975 Mar;121(3):1166–1172. doi: 10.1128/jb.121.3.1166-1172.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  120. Mendelson N. H., Cole R. M. Genetic regulation of cell division initiation in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1972 Nov;112(2):994–1003. doi: 10.1128/jb.112.2.994-1003.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  121. Mendelson N. H. Deoxyribonucleic acid distribution in Bacillus subtilis independent of cell elongation. J Bacteriol. 1972 Jul;111(1):156–162. doi: 10.1128/jb.111.1.156-162.1972. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  122. Mendelson N. H. Dynamics of Bacillus subtilis helical macrofiber morphogenesis: writhing, folding, close packing, and contraction. J Bacteriol. 1982 Jul;151(1):438–449. doi: 10.1128/jb.151.1.438-449.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  123. Mendelson N. H., Gross J. D. Characterization of a temperature-sensitive mutant of Bacillus subtilis defective in deoxyribonucleic acid replication. J Bacteriol. 1967 Nov;94(5):1603–1608. doi: 10.1128/jb.94.5.1603-1608.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  124. Mendelson N. H. Helical Bacillus subtilis macrofibers: morphogenesis of a bacterial multicellular macroorganism. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 May;75(5):2478–2482. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.5.2478. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  125. Mendelson N. H. Helical growth of Bacillus subtilis: a new model of cell growth. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 May;73(5):1740–1744. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.5.1740. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  126. Mendelson N. H., Karamata D. Inversion of helix orientation in Bacillus subtilis macrofibers. J Bacteriol. 1982 Jul;151(1):450–454. doi: 10.1128/jb.151.1.450-454.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  127. Mendelson N. H. Nuclear segregation without DNA replication in Bacillus subtilis. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1969 Sep 17;190(1):132–138. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(69)90162-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  128. Mendelson N. H., Reeve J. N. Growth of the Bacillus subtilis cell surface. Nat New Biol. 1973 May 9;243(123):62–64. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  129. Mendelson N. H. The helix clock: a potential biomechanical cell cycle timer. J Theor Biol. 1982 Jan 7;94(1):209–222. doi: 10.1016/0022-5193(82)90342-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  130. Miyakawa Y., Komano T., Maruyama Y. Cell-cycle-specific inhibition by chloramphenicol of septum fromation and cell division in synchronized cells of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1980 Feb;141(2):502–507. doi: 10.1128/jb.141.2.502-507.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  131. Miyakawa Y., Komano T., Maruyama Y. Timed action of the gene products required for septum formation in the cell cycle of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1982 Feb;149(2):673–680. doi: 10.1128/jb.149.2.673-680.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  132. Nanninga N., Koppes L. J., de Vries-Tijssen F. C. The cell cycle of Bacillus subtilis as studied by electron microscopy. Arch Microbiol. 1979 Nov;123(2):173–181. doi: 10.1007/BF00446817. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  133. Nicolaidis A. A., Holland I. B. Evidence for the specific association of the chromosomal origin with outer membrane fractions isolated from Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1978 Jul;135(1):178–189. doi: 10.1128/jb.135.1.178-189.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  134. Normark S., Boman H. G., Bloom G. D. Cell division in a chain-forming envA mutant of Escherichia coli K12. Fine structure of division sites and effects of EDTA, lysozyme and ampicillin. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand B Microbiol Immunol. 1971;79(5):651–664. doi: 10.1111/j.1699-0463.1971.tb00093.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  135. Normark S., Norlander L., Grundström T., Bloom G. D., Boquet P., Frelat G. Septum formation-defective mutant of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1976 Oct;128(1):401–412. doi: 10.1128/jb.128.1.401-412.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  136. Nukushina J. I., Ikeda Y. Genetic analysis of the developmental processes during germination and outgrowth of Bacillus subtilis spores with temperature-sensitive mutants. Genetics. 1969 Sep;63(1):63–74. doi: 10.1093/genetics/63.1.63. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  137. O'Sullivan M. A., Howard K., Sueoka N. On the bidirectional replication of the Bacillus subtilis chromosome. J Mol Biol. 1975 Dec 5;99(2):347–348. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80151-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  138. OISHI M., YOSHIKAWA H., SUEOKA N. SYNCHRONOUS AND DICHOTOMOUS REPLICATIONS OF THE BACILLUS SUBTILIS CHROMOSOME DURING SPORE GERMINATION. Nature. 1964 Dec 12;204:1069–1073. doi: 10.1038/2041069a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  139. Ogawa T., Okazaki T. Discontinuous DNA replication. Annu Rev Biochem. 1980;49:421–457. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.49.070180.002225. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  140. Otsuji N., Iyehara H., Hideshima Y. Isolation and characterization of an Escherichia coli ruv mutant which forms nonseptate filaments after low doses of ultraviolet light irradiation. J Bacteriol. 1974 Feb;117(2):337–344. doi: 10.1128/jb.117.2.337-344.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  141. PRITCHARD R. H., LARK K. G. INDUCTION OF REPLICATION BY THYMINE STARVATION AT THE CHROMOSOME ORIGIN IN ESCHERICHIA COLI. J Mol Biol. 1964 Aug;9:288–307. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(64)80208-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  142. Parker D. E. The vestibular apparatus. Sci Am. 1980 Nov;243(5):118–135. doi: 10.1038/scientificamerican1180-118. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  143. Paulton R. J. Analysis of the multiseptate potential of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1970 Nov;104(2):762–767. doi: 10.1128/jb.104.2.762-767.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  144. Paulton R. J. Nuclear and cell division in filamentous bacteria. Nat New Biol. 1971 Jun 30;231(26):271–274. doi: 10.1038/newbio231271a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  145. Polley H. M., Schlaeppi J. M., Karamata D. Localised insertion of new cell wall in Bacillus subtilis. Nature. 1978 Jul 20;274(5668):264–266. doi: 10.1038/274264a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  146. Pooley H. M. Layered distribution, according to age, within the cell wall of bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1976 Mar;125(3):1139–1147. doi: 10.1128/jb.125.3.1139-1147.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  147. Pooley H. M. Turnover and spreading of old wall during surface growth of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1976 Mar;125(3):1127–1138. doi: 10.1128/jb.125.3.1127-1138.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  148. Prescott D. M., Kuempel P. L. Bidirectional replication of the chromosome in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Oct;69(10):2842–2845. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.10.2842. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  149. Preusser H. J. Strukturveränderungen am "Murein-Sacculus" von Spirillum serpens nach Einwirkung von Uranylacetat. Arch Mikrobiol. 1969 Oct;68(2):150–164. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  150. Previc E. P. Biochemical determination of bacterial morphology and the geometry of cell division. J Theor Biol. 1970 Jun;27(3):471–497. doi: 10.1016/s0022-5193(70)80010-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  151. Pritchard R. H., Meacock P. A., Orr E. Diameter of cells of a thermosensitive dnaA mutant of Escherichia coli cultivated at intermediate temperatures. J Bacteriol. 1978 Aug;135(2):575–580. doi: 10.1128/jb.135.2.575-580.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  152. Reeve J. N., Groves D. J., Clark D. J. Regulation of Cell Division in Escherichia coli: Characterization of Temperature-Sensitive Division Mutants. J Bacteriol. 1970 Dec;104(3):1052–1064. doi: 10.1128/jb.104.3.1052-1064.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  153. Reeve J. N., Mendelson N. H. Cell morphology of Bacillus subtilis: the effect of genetic background on the expression of a rod - gene. Mol Gen Genet. 1972;119(1):11–26. doi: 10.1007/BF00270440. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  154. Reeve J. N., Mendelson N. H., Coyne S. I., Hallock L. L., Cole R. M. Minicells of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1973 May;114(2):860–873. doi: 10.1128/jb.114.2.860-873.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  155. Ricard M., Hirota Y. Process of cellular division in Escherichia coli: physiological study on thermosensitive mutants defective in cell division. J Bacteriol. 1973 Oct;116(1):314–322. doi: 10.1128/jb.116.1.314-322.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  156. Rodolakis A., Thomas P., Starka J. Morphological mutants of Escherichia coli. Isolation and ultrastructure of a chain-forming envC mutant. J Gen Microbiol. 1973 Apr;75(2):409–416. doi: 10.1099/00221287-75-2-409. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  157. Rogers H. J. Bacterial growth and the cell envelope. Bacteriol Rev. 1970 Jun;34(2):194–214. doi: 10.1128/br.34.2.194-214.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  158. Rogers H. J. Biogenesis of the wall in bacterial morphogenesis. Adv Microb Physiol. 1979;19:1–62. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2911(08)60197-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  159. Rogers H. J., McConnell M., Burdett I. D. Cell wall or membrane mutants of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis with grossly deformed morphology. Nature. 1968 Jul 20;219(5151):285–288. doi: 10.1038/219285a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  160. Rogers H. J., McConnell M., Burdett I. D. The isolation and characterization of mutants of Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis with disturbed morphology and cell division. J Gen Microbiol. 1970 May;61(2):155–171. doi: 10.1099/00221287-61-2-155. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  161. Rogers H. J., Thurman P. F., Taylor C., Reeve J. N. Mucopeptide synthesis by rod mutants of Bacillus subtilis. J Gen Microbiol. 1974 Dec;85(2):335–349. doi: 10.1099/00221287-85-2-335. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  162. Rosenberger R. F., Grover N. B., Zaritsky A., Woldringh C. L. Surface growth in rod-shaped bacteria. J Theor Biol. 1978 Aug 21;73(4):711–721. doi: 10.1016/0022-5193(78)90132-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  163. Ryter A. Association of the nucleus and the membrane of bacteria: a morphological study. Bacteriol Rev. 1968 Mar;32(1):39–54. doi: 10.1128/br.32.1.39-54.1968. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  164. Ryter A., Hirota Y., Schwarz U. Process of cellular division in Escherichia coli growth pattern of E. coli murein. J Mol Biol. 1973 Jun 25;78(1):185–195. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(73)90437-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  165. Sanderson K. E., Hartman P. E. Linkage map of Salmonella typhimurium, edition V. Microbiol Rev. 1978 Jun;42(2):471–519. doi: 10.1128/mr.42.2.471-519.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  166. Sandler N., Keynan A. Cell wall synthesis and initiation of deoxyribonucleic acid replication in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1981 Nov;148(2):443–449. doi: 10.1128/jb.148.2.443-449.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  167. Santos D., De Almeida D. F. Isolation and characterization of a new temperature-sensitive cell division mutant of Escherichia coli K-12. J Bacteriol. 1975 Dec;124(3):1502–1507. doi: 10.1128/jb.124.3.1502-1507.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  168. Sargent M. G. Anucleate cell production and surface extension in a temperature-sensitive chromosome initiation mutant of Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1975 Sep;123(3):1218–1234. doi: 10.1128/jb.123.3.1218-1234.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  169. Sargent M. G., Bennett M. F. Attachment of the chromosomal terminus of Bacillus subtilis to a fast-sedimenting particle. J Bacteriol. 1982 May;150(2):623–632. doi: 10.1128/jb.150.2.623-632.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  170. Sargent M. G. Control of cell length in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1975 Jul;123(1):7–19. doi: 10.1128/jb.123.1.7-19.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  171. Sargent M. G. Surface extension and the cell cycle in prokaryotes. Adv Microb Physiol. 1978;18:105–176. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2911(08)60416-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  172. Satta G., Botta G., Canepari P., Fontana R. Early initiation of deoxyribonucleic acid replication and shortening of generation time associated with inhibition of lateral wall formation by mecillinam. J Bacteriol. 1981 Oct;148(1):10–19. doi: 10.1128/jb.148.1.10-19.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  173. Satta G., Pardee A. B. Inhibition of Escherichia coli division by protein X. J Bacteriol. 1978 Mar;133(3):1492–1500. doi: 10.1128/jb.133.3.1492-1500.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  174. Schekman R., Weiner A., Kornberg A. Multienzyme systems of DNA replication. Science. 1974 Dec 13;186(4168):987–993. doi: 10.1126/science.186.4168.987. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  175. Schlaeppi J. M., Pooley H. M., Karamata D. Identification of cell wall subunits in bacillus subtilis and analysis of their segregation during growth. J Bacteriol. 1982 Jan;149(1):329–337. doi: 10.1128/jb.149.1.329-337.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  176. Schwarz U., Asmus A., Frank H. Autolytic enzymes and cell division of Escherichia coli. J Mol Biol. 1969 May 14;41(3):419–429. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(69)90285-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  177. Sclafani R. A., Wechsler J. A. dnaB125, a dnaB nonsense mutation. J Bacteriol. 1981 Jun;146(3):1170–1173. doi: 10.1128/jb.146.3.1170-1173.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  178. Sedgwick E. G., Paulton R. J. Dimension control in bacteria. Can J Microbiol. 1974 Feb;20(2):231–236. doi: 10.1139/m74-036. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  179. Slater M., Schaechter M. Control of cell division in bacteria. Bacteriol Rev. 1974 Jun;38(2):199–221. doi: 10.1128/br.38.2.199-221.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  180. Snyder R. W., Young F. E. Association between the chromosome and the cytoplasmic membrane in Bacillus subtilis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1969 May 8;35(3):354–362. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(69)90506-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  181. Sompayrac L., Maaloe O. Autorepressor model for control of DNA replication. Nat New Biol. 1973 Jan 31;241(109):133–135. doi: 10.1038/newbio241133a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  182. Spratt B. G. Distinct penicillin binding proteins involved in the division, elongation, and shape of Escherichia coli K12. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Aug;72(8):2999–3003. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.8.2999. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  183. Spratt B. G. Temperature-sensitive cell division mutants of Escherichia coli with thermolabile penicillin-binding proteins. J Bacteriol. 1977 Jul;131(1):293–305. doi: 10.1128/jb.131.1.293-305.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  184. Sturgeon J. A., Ingram L. O. Low-temperature conditional cell division mutants of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1978 Jan;133(1):256–264. doi: 10.1128/jb.133.1.256-264.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  185. Sueoka N., Quinn W. G. Membrane attachment of the chromosome replication origin in Bacillus subtilis. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1968;33:695–705. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1968.033.01.078. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  186. Tang M. S., Helmstetter C. E. Coordination between chromosome replication and cell division in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1980 Mar;141(3):1148–1156. doi: 10.1128/jb.141.3.1148-1156.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  187. Tomizawa J., Selzer G. Initiation of DNA synthesis in Escherichia coli. Annu Rev Biochem. 1979;48:999–1034. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.48.070179.005031. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  188. Toyoda H., Yamaguchi K., Yoshikawa H. Chromosome-membrane association in Bacillus subtilis. IV. Further purification of DNA-membrane complex by using a combination of centrifugation and electrophoresis. J Bacteriol. 1978 Nov;136(2):799–802. doi: 10.1128/jb.136.2.799-802.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  189. Trueba F. J., Woldringh C. L. Changes in cell diameter during the division cycle of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1980 Jun;142(3):869–878. doi: 10.1128/jb.142.3.869-878.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  190. Tsien H. C., Shockman G. D., Higgins M. L. Structural arrangement of polymers within the wall of Streptococcus faecalis. J Bacteriol. 1978 Jan;133(1):372–386. doi: 10.1128/jb.133.1.372-386.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  191. VAN DE PUTTE P., VAN DILLEWIJN, ROERSCH A. THE SELECTION OF MUTANTS OF ESCHERICHIA COLI WITH IMPAIRED CELL DIVISION AT ELEVATED TEMPERATURE. Mutat Res. 1964 Jul;106:121–128. doi: 10.1016/0027-5107(64)90014-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  192. Van Alstyne D., Simon M. I. Division mutants of Bacillus subtilis: isolation and PBS1 transduction of division-specific markers. J Bacteriol. 1971 Dec;108(3):1366–1379. doi: 10.1128/jb.108.3.1366-1379.1971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  193. Van Iterson W., Michels P. A., Vyth-Dreese F., Aten J. A. Nuclear and cell division in Bacillus subtilis: dormant nucleoids in stationary-phase cells and their activation. J Bacteriol. 1975 Mar;121(3):1189–1199. doi: 10.1128/jb.121.3.1189-1199.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  194. Verwer R. W., Beachey E. H., Keck W., Stoub A. M., Poldermans J. E. Oriented fragmentation of Escherichia coli sacculi by sonication. J Bacteriol. 1980 Jan;141(1):327–332. doi: 10.1128/jb.141.1.327-332.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  195. Verwer R. W., Nanninga N., Keck W., Schwarz U. Arrangement of glycan chains in the sacculus of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1978 Nov;136(2):723–729. doi: 10.1128/jb.136.2.723-729.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  196. Verwer R. W., Nanninga N. Pattern of meso-dl-2,6-diaminopimelic acid incorporation during the division cycle of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1980 Oct;144(1):327–336. doi: 10.1128/jb.144.1.327-336.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  197. Wada C., Yura T. Phenethyl alcohol resistance in Escherichia coli. 3. A temperature-sensitive mutation(dnaP) affecting DNA replication. Genetics. 1974 Jun;77(2):199–220. doi: 10.1093/genetics/77.2.199. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  198. Wake R. G. Circularity of the Bacillus subtilis chromosome and further studies on its bidirectional replication. J Mol Biol. 1973 Jul 15;77(4):569–575. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(73)90223-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  199. Wake R. G. Visualization of reinitiated chromosomes in Bacillus subtilis. J Mol Biol. 1972 Jul 28;68(3):501–509. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(72)90102-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  200. Walker J. R., Kovarik A., Allen J. S., Gustafson R. A. Regulation of bacterial cell division: temperature-sensitive mutants of Escherichia coli that are defective in septum formation. J Bacteriol. 1975 Aug;123(2):693–703. doi: 10.1128/jb.123.2.693-703.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  201. Wechsler J. A. Genetic and phenotypic characterization of dnaC mutations. J Bacteriol. 1975 Feb;121(2):594–599. doi: 10.1128/jb.121.2.594-599.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  202. Weigand R. A., Rothfield L. I. Genetic and physiological classification of periplasmic-leaky mutants of Salmonella typhimurium. J Bacteriol. 1976 Jan;125(1):340–345. doi: 10.1128/jb.125.1.340-345.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  203. Weigand R. A., Vinci K. D., Rothfield L. I. Morphogenesis of the bacterial division septum: a new class of septation-defective mutants. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Jun;73(6):1882–1886. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.6.1882. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  204. Woldringh C. L. Morphological analysis of nuclear separation and cell division during the life cycle of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1976 Jan;125(1):248–257. doi: 10.1128/jb.125.1.248-257.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  205. Wolf-Watz H., Masters M. Deoxyribonucleic acid and outer membrane: strains diploid for the oriC region show elevated levels of deoxyribonucleic acid-binding protein and evidence for specific binding of the oriC region to outer membrane. J Bacteriol. 1979 Oct;140(1):50–58. doi: 10.1128/jb.140.1.50-58.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  206. Wolf-Watz H., Norqvist A. Deoxyribonucleic acid and outer membrane: binding to outer membrane involves a specific protein. J Bacteriol. 1979 Oct;140(1):43–49. doi: 10.1128/jb.140.1.43-49.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  207. Wyke A. W., Ward J. B. Biosynthesis of wall polymers in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1977 Jun;130(3):1055–1063. doi: 10.1128/jb.130.3.1055-1063.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  208. Yamaguchi K., Yoshikawa H. Association of the replication terminus of the Bacillus subtilis chromosome to the cell membrane. J Bacteriol. 1975 Nov;124(2):1030–1033. doi: 10.1128/jb.124.2.1030-1033.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  209. Yamaguchi K., Yoshikawa H. Chromosome--Membrane association in Bacillus subtilis. III. Isolation and characterization of a DNA-protein complex carrying replication origin markers. J Mol Biol. 1977 Feb 25;110(2):219–253. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(77)80070-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  210. Young F. E., Haywood P., Pollock M. Isolation of L-forms of Bacillus subtilis which grow in liquid medium. J Bacteriol. 1970 Jun;102(3):867–870. doi: 10.1128/jb.102.3.867-870.1970. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  211. Zaritsky A., Pritchard R. H. Changes in cell size and shape associated with changes in the replication time of the chromosome of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1973 May;114(2):824–837. doi: 10.1128/jb.114.2.824-837.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  212. Zaritsky A., Woldringh C. L. Chromosome replication rate and cell shape in Escherichia coli: lack of coupling. J Bacteriol. 1978 Aug;135(2):581–587. doi: 10.1128/jb.135.2.581-587.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  213. Zaritsky A., Woldringh C. L., Mirelman D. Constant peptidoglycan density in the sacculus of Escherichia coli B/r growing at different rates. FEBS Lett. 1979 Feb 1;98(1):29–32. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(79)80144-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  214. Zyskind J. W., Deen L. T., Smith D. W. Temporal sequence of events during the initiation process in Escherichia coli deoxyribonucleic acid replication: roles of the dnaA and dnaC gene products and ribonucleic acid polymerase. J Bacteriol. 1977 Mar;129(3):1466–1475. doi: 10.1128/jb.129.3.1466-1475.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  215. Zyskind J. W., Smith D. W. NOVEL Escherichia coli dnaB mutant: direct involvement of the dnaB252 gene product in the synthesis of an origin-ribonucleic acid species during initiaion of a round of deoxyribonucleic acid replication. J Bacteriol. 1977 Mar;129(3):1476–1486. doi: 10.1128/jb.129.3.1476-1486.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  216. de Chastellier C., Hellio R., Ryter A. Study of cell wall growth in Bacillus megaterium by high-resolution autoradiography. J Bacteriol. 1975 Sep;123(3):1184–1196. doi: 10.1128/jb.123.3.1184-1196.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  217. de Pedro M. A., Llamas J. E., Cánovas J. L. A timing control of cell division in Escherichia coli. J Gen Microbiol. 1975 Dec;91(2):307–314. doi: 10.1099/00221287-91-2-307. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Microbiological Reviews are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES