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. 1988 Dec;85(23):9253–9257. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.23.9253

Human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor is a growth factor active on a variety of cell types of nonhemopoietic origin.

S Dedhar 1, L Gaboury 1, P Galloway 1, C Eaves 1
PMCID: PMC282717  PMID: 3057504

Abstract

Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) is a member of a family of glycoprotein hormones that stimulate the proliferation and differentiation of hemopoietic cells in vitro and in vivo. We now report that human GM-CSF can also stimulate the proliferation of two osteogenic sarcoma cell lines, a breast carcinoma cell line, a simian virus 40-transformed marrow stromal cell line, and normal marrow fibroblast precursors. These findings suggest a more general regulatory function of GM-CSF on nonhemopoietic cell types than previously anticipated. They also raise the possibility of adverse side effects of GM-CSF therapy in patients whose malignant cells may be directly stimulated by this molecule and suggest a previously unanticipated role of GM-CSF gene activation in the evolution of solid tumors and in the pathogenesis of myelofibrosis.

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Selected References

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