Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1986 Nov;60(2):400–404. doi: 10.1128/jvi.60.2.400-404.1986

Activity of simian virus 40 late promoter elements in the absence of large T antigen: evidence for repression of late gene expression.

J C Alwine, J Picardi
PMCID: PMC288906  PMID: 3021975

Abstract

We used chloramphenicol acetyltransferase transient expression to examine the activity of the promoter elements of the simian virus 40 late promoter in the absence of large T antigen. Since the experiments were done in permissive CV-1 cells, these conditions mimic the state which exists early in the viral lytic cycle before the onset of replication and T-antigen-mediated trans activation. Our data, using deletion analysis, indicate that removal of the 21-base-pair (bp) repeat region causes as much as a 10-fold increase in activity of the late promoter elements. This result suggests that the 21-bp repeat sequences may be involved in repression of the late promoter elements during the early phase of the lytic infection. This is supported by competition analysis which indicates that increasing amounts of competitor containing only the 21-bp repeat region results in increased activity of the intact promoter. A model for the activity of the late promoter through the course of lytic infection is presented.

Full text

PDF
400

Images in this article

402Image
on p.402

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Alwine J. C., Khoury G. Effect of a tsA mutation of simian virus 40 late gene expression: variations between host cell lines. J Virol. 1980 Feb;33(2):920–925. doi: 10.1128/jvi.33.2.920-925.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Alwine J. C. Transient gene expression control: effects of transfected DNA stability and trans-activation by viral early proteins. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 May;5(5):1034–1042. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.5.1034. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Brady J., Bolen J. B., Radonovich M., Salzman N., Khoury G. Stimulation of simian virus 40 late gene expression by simian virus 40 tumor antigen. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Apr;81(7):2040–2044. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.7.2040. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Brady J., Khoury G. trans Activation of the simian virus 40 late transcription unit by T-antigen. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Jun;5(6):1391–1399. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.6.1391. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Dynan W. S., Tjian R. The promoter-specific transcription factor Sp1 binds to upstream sequences in the SV40 early promoter. Cell. 1983 Nov;35(1):79–87. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90210-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Ernoult-Lange M., May E. Evidence of transcription from the late region of the integrated simian virus 40 genome in transformed cells: location of the 5' ends of late transcripts in cells abortively infected and in cells transformed by simian virus 40. J Virol. 1983 Jun;46(3):756–767. doi: 10.1128/jvi.46.3.756-767.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Ernoult-Lange M., May P., Moreau P., May E. Simian virus 40 late promoter region able to initiate simian virus 40 early gene transcription in the absence of the simian virus 40 origin sequence. J Virol. 1984 Apr;50(1):163–173. doi: 10.1128/jvi.50.1.163-173.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Ferdinand F. J., Brown M., Khoury G. Characterization of early simian virus 40 transcriptional complexes: late transcription in the absence of detectable DNA replication. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5443–5447. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5443. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Gluzman Y., Frisque R. J., Sambrook J. Origin-defective mutants of SV40. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1980;44(Pt 1):293–300. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1980.044.01.033. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Gorman C. M., Moffat L. F., Howard B. H. Recombinant genomes which express chloramphenicol acetyltransferase in mammalian cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1982 Sep;2(9):1044–1051. doi: 10.1128/mcb.2.9.1044. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Gorman C., Padmanabhan R., Howard B. H. High efficiency DNA-mediated transformation of primate cells. Science. 1983 Aug 5;221(4610):551–553. doi: 10.1126/science.6306768. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Graessmann A., Graessmann M., Mueller C. Regulatory mechanism of simian virus 40 gene expression in permissive and in nonpermissive cells. J Virol. 1976 Mar;17(3):854–858. doi: 10.1128/jvi.17.3.854-858.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Handa H., Sharp P. A. Expression of early and late simian virus 40 transcripts in the absence of protein synthesis. J Virol. 1980 Jun;34(3):592–597. doi: 10.1128/jvi.34.3.592-597.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Hansen U., Sharp P. A. Sequences controlling in vitro transcription of SV40 promoters. EMBO J. 1983;2(12):2293–2303. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1983.tb01737.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Hartzell S. W., Byrne B. J., Subramanian K. N. The simian virus 40 minimal origin and the 72-base-pair repeat are required simultaneously for efficient induction of late gene expression with large tumor antigen. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Oct;81(20):6335–6339. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.20.6335. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Hirt B. Selective extraction of polyoma DNA from infected mouse cell cultures. J Mol Biol. 1967 Jun 14;26(2):365–369. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(67)90307-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Keller J. M., Alwine J. C. Activation of the SV40 late promoter: direct effects of T antigen in the absence of viral DNA replication. Cell. 1984 Feb;36(2):381–389. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90231-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Keller J. M., Alwine J. C. Analysis of an activatable promoter: sequences in the simian virus 40 late promoter required for T-antigen-mediated trans activation. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Aug;5(8):1859–1869. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.8.1859. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lange M., May E., May P. Ability of nonpermissive mouse cells to express a simian virus 40 late function(s). J Virol. 1981 Jun;38(3):940–951. doi: 10.1128/jvi.38.3.940-951.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Parker B. A., Stark G. R. Regulation of simian virus 40 transcription: sensitive analysis of the RNA species present early in infections by virus or viral DNA. J Virol. 1979 Aug;31(2):360–369. doi: 10.1128/jvi.31.2.360-369.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Rio D. C., Tjian R. Multiple control elements involved in the initiation of SV40 late transcription. J Mol Appl Genet. 1984;2(5):423–435. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Southern E. M. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503–517. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80083-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Tack L. C., Beard P. Both trans-acting factors and chromatin structure are involved in the regulation of transcription from the early and late promoters in simian virus 40 chromosomes. J Virol. 1985 Apr;54(1):207–218. doi: 10.1128/jvi.54.1.207-218.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Tjian R. T antigen binding and the control of SV40 gene expression. Cell. 1981 Oct;26(1 Pt 1):1–2. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90026-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Virology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES