Skip to main content
Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1986 Nov;60(2):620–625. doi: 10.1128/jvi.60.2.620-625.1986

The promoter for the late gene encoding Vp5 of herpes simplex virus type 1 is recognized by cell extracts derived from uninfected cells.

G E Chisholm, W C Summers
PMCID: PMC288934  PMID: 3021995

Abstract

The ability of whole-cell extracts from uninfected HeLa cells to recognize the promoter for the herpes simplex virus type 1 late gene encoding the major capsid protein Vp5 was investigated by using both in vitro transcriptional and S1 nuclease protection analysis. This gene promoter was recognized by the cell extracts and produced abundant amounts of transcript in the absence of any other virus-encoded factors. This transcript was shown to arise, in vitro, from specific initiation at or very near the physiological mRNA start site. Thus, it appears that cell extracts from uninfected HeLa cells can efficiently recognize both early- and late-gene promoters.

Full text

PDF
621

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Anderson K. P., Costa R. H., Holland L. E., Wagner E. K. Characterization of herpes simplex virus type 1 RNA present in the absence of de novo protein synthesis. J Virol. 1980 Apr;34(1):9–27. doi: 10.1128/jvi.34.1.9-27.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Batterson W., Roizman B. Characterization of the herpes simplex virion-associated factor responsible for the induction of alpha genes. J Virol. 1983 May;46(2):371–377. doi: 10.1128/jvi.46.2.371-377.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Boshart M., Gissmann L., Ikenberg H., Kleinheinz A., Scheurlen W., zur Hausen H. A new type of papillomavirus DNA, its presence in genital cancer biopsies and in cell lines derived from cervical cancer. EMBO J. 1984 May;3(5):1151–1157. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb01944.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Campbell M. E., Palfreyman J. W., Preston C. M. Identification of herpes simplex virus DNA sequences which encode a trans-acting polypeptide responsible for stimulation of immediate early transcription. J Mol Biol. 1984 Nov 25;180(1):1–19. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(84)90427-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Costa R. H., Cohen G., Eisenberg R., Long D., Wagner E. Direct demonstration that the abundant 6-kilobase herpes simplex virus type 1 mRNA mapping between 0.23 and 0.27 map units encodes the major capsid protein VP5. J Virol. 1984 Jan;49(1):287–292. doi: 10.1128/jvi.49.1.287-292.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Costa R. H., Devi B. G., Anderson K. P., Gaylord B. H., Wagner E. K. Characterization of a major late herpes simplex virus type 1 mRNA. J Virol. 1981 May;38(2):483–496. doi: 10.1128/jvi.38.2.483-496.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Dennis D., Smiley J. R. Transactivation of a late herpes simplex virus promoter. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Mar;4(3):544–551. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.3.544. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Everett R. D. Trans activation of transcription by herpes virus products: requirement for two HSV-1 immediate-early polypeptides for maximum activity. EMBO J. 1984 Dec 20;3(13):3135–3141. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb02270.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Fire A., Baker C. C., Manley J. L., Ziff E. B., Sharp P. A. In vitro transcription of adenovirus. J Virol. 1981 Dec;40(3):703–719. doi: 10.1128/jvi.40.3.703-719.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Frink R. J., Draper K. G., Wagner E. K. Uninfected cell polymerase efficiently transcribes early but not late herpes simplex virus type 1 mRNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Oct;78(10):6139–6143. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.10.6139. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Godowski P. J., Knipe D. M. Identification of a herpes simplex virus function that represses late gene expression from parental viral genomes. J Virol. 1985 Aug;55(2):357–365. doi: 10.1128/jvi.55.2.357-365.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hanahan D. Studies on transformation of Escherichia coli with plasmids. J Mol Biol. 1983 Jun 5;166(4):557–580. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(83)80284-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Handa H., Kaufman R. J., Manley J., Gefter M., Sharp P. A. Transcription of Simian virus 40 DNA in a HeLa whole cell extract. J Biol Chem. 1981 Jan 10;256(1):478–482. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Holland L. E., Anderson K. P., Shipman C., Jr, Wagner E. K. Viral DNA synthesis is required for the efficient expression of specific herpes simplex virus type 1 mRNA species. Virology. 1980 Feb;101(1):10–24. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(80)90479-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Holland L. E., Sandri-Goldin R. M., Goldin A. L., Glorioso J. C., Levine M. Transcriptional and genetic analyses of the herpes simplex virus type 1 genome: coordinates 0.29 to 0.45. J Virol. 1984 Mar;49(3):947–959. doi: 10.1128/jvi.49.3.947-959.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Honess R. W., Roizman B. Regulation of herpesvirus macromolecular synthesis. I. Cascade regulation of the synthesis of three groups of viral proteins. J Virol. 1974 Jul;14(1):8–19. doi: 10.1128/jvi.14.1.8-19.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Manley J. L., Fire A., Cano A., Sharp P. A., Gefter M. L. DNA-dependent transcription of adenovirus genes in a soluble whole-cell extract. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jul;77(7):3855–3859. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.7.3855. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):499–560. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65059-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. O'Hare P., Hayward G. S. Evidence for a direct role for both the 175,000- and 110,000-molecular-weight immediate-early proteins of herpes simplex virus in the transactivation of delayed-early promoters. J Virol. 1985 Mar;53(3):751–760. doi: 10.1128/jvi.53.3.751-760.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Powell K. L., Purifoy D. J., Courtney R. J. The synthesis of herpes simplex virus proteins in the absence of virus DNA synthesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1975 Sep 2;66(1):262–271. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(75)80323-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Read G. S., Sharp J. A., Summers W. C. In vitro and in vivo transcription initiation sites on the TK-encoding BamHI Q fragment of HSV-1 DNA. Virology. 1984 Oct 30;138(2):368–372. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(84)90363-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Read G. S., Summers W. C. In vitro transcription of the thymidine kinase gene of herpes simplex virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Sep;79(17):5215–5219. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.17.5215. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Sarkar S., Dasgupta U. B., Summers W. C. Error-prone mutagenesis detected in mammalian cells by a shuttle vector containing the supF gene of Escherichia coli. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Oct;4(10):2227–2230. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.10.2227. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Sharp J. A., Wagner M. J., Summers W. C. Transcription of herpes simplex virus genes in vivo: overlap of a late promoter with the 3' end of the early thymidine kinase gene. J Virol. 1983 Jan;45(1):10–17. doi: 10.1128/jvi.45.1.10-17.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Spalholz B. A., Yang Y. C., Howley P. M. Transactivation of a bovine papilloma virus transcriptional regulatory element by the E2 gene product. Cell. 1985 Aug;42(1):183–191. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(85)80114-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Watson R. J., Clements J. B. A herpes simplex virus type 1 function continuously required for early and late virus RNA synthesis. Nature. 1980 May 29;285(5763):329–330. doi: 10.1038/285329a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Virology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES