Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1980 Jul;143(1):463–470. doi: 10.1128/jb.143.1.463-470.1980

Encapsidation of yeast killer double-stranded ribonucleic acids: dependence of M on L.

K A Bostian, J A Sturgeon, D J Tipper
PMCID: PMC294272  PMID: 6995444

Abstract

Virus-like particles containing either L or M double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) were isolated from a killer toxin-producing strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (K+ R+). At least 95% of M- and 87% of L-dsRNA were recovered in virus-like particle-containing fractions. The major capsid polypeptides (ScV-P1) of both L and M virus-like particles were shown to be identical, and 95% of the cellular ScV-P1 was found in the virus-like particle-containing fractions. Since L-dsRNA encodes ScV-P1, provision of this protein for encapsidation of M-dsRNA defines at least one functional relationship between these dsRNA genomes and associates the L-dsRNA with the killer character. If encapsidation of M-dsRNA is essential for its replication or expression, then L-dsRNA plays an essential role in maintenance or expression of the killer phenotype. The relationship between the L- and M-dsRNA genomes would be analogous to that between a helper and a defective virus. The presence of only minor quantities or uncomplexed dsRNA and ScV-P1 suggests that their production is stringently coupled.

Full text

PDF
470

Images in this article

466Image
on p.466
467Image
on p.467
467Image
on p.467
468Image
on p.468

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Berry E. A., Bevan E. A. A new species of double-stranded RNA from yeast. Nature. 1972 Sep 29;239(5370):279–280. doi: 10.1038/239279a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bevan E. A., Herring A. J., Mitchell D. J. Preliminary characterization of two species of dsRNA in yeast and their relationship to the "killer" character. Nature. 1973 Sep 14;245(5420):81–86. doi: 10.1038/245081b0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bevan E. A., Somers J. M. Somatic segregation of the killer (k) and neutral (n) cytoplasmic genetic determinants in yeast. Genet Res. 1969 Aug;14(1):71–77. doi: 10.1017/s0016672300001865. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bonner W. M., Laskey R. A. A film detection method for tritium-labelled proteins and nucleic acids in polyacrylamide gels. Eur J Biochem. 1974 Jul 1;46(1):83–88. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1974.tb03599.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bostian K. A., Hopper J. E., Rogers D. T., Tipper D. J. Translational analysis of the killer-associated virus-like particle dsRNA genome of S. cerevisiae: M dsRNA encodes toxin. Cell. 1980 Feb;19(2):403–414. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90514-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Bruenn J., Kane W. Relatedness of the double-stranded RNAs present in yeast virus-like particles. J Virol. 1978 Jun;26(3):762–772. doi: 10.1128/jvi.26.3.762-772.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Buck K. W., Girvan R. F. Comparison of the biophysical and biochemical properties of Penicillium cyaneo-fulvum virus and Penicillium chrysogenum virus. J Gen Virol. 1977 Jan;34(1):145–154. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-34-1-145. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Buck K. W., Ratti G. Biophysical and biochemical properties of two viruses isolated from Aspergillus foetidus. J Gen Virol. 1975 May;27(2):211–224. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-27-2-211. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Clare J. J., Oliver S. G. The regulation of RNA synthesis in yeast IV. Synthesis of double-stranded RNA. Mol Gen Genet. 1979 Mar 20;171(2):161–166. doi: 10.1007/BF00270002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Cleveland D. W., Fischer S. G., Kirschner M. W., Laemmli U. K. Peptide mapping by limited proteolysis in sodium dodecyl sulfate and analysis by gel electrophoresis. J Biol Chem. 1977 Feb 10;252(3):1102–1106. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Fink G. R., Styles C. A. Curing of a killer factor in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Oct;69(10):2846–2849. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.10.2846. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Fried H. M., Fink G. R. Electron microscopic heteroduplex analysis of "killer" double-stranded RNA species from yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Sep;75(9):4224–4228. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.9.4224. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Harris M. S. Virus-like particles and double stranded RNA from killer and non-killer strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microbios. 1978;21(85-86):161–176. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Hastie N. D., Brennan V., Bruenn J. A. No homology between double-stranded RNA and nuclear DNA of yeast. J Virol. 1978 Dec;28(3):1002–1005. doi: 10.1128/jvi.28.3.1002-1005.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Herring A. J., Bevan E. A. Virus-like particles associated with the double-stranded RNA species found in killer and sensitive strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Gen Virol. 1974 Mar;22(3):387–394. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-22-3-387. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Herring A. J., Bevan E. A. Yeast virus-like particles possess a capsid-associated single-stranded RNA polymerase. Nature. 1977 Aug 4;268(5619):464–466. doi: 10.1038/268464a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Hopper J. E., Bostian K. A., Rowe L. B., Tipper D. J. Translation of the L-species dsRNA genome of the killer-associated virus-like particles of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biol Chem. 1977 Dec 25;252(24):9010–9017. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Lemke P. A., Nash C. H. Fungal viruses. Bacteriol Rev. 1974 Mar;38(1):29–56. doi: 10.1128/br.38.1.29-56.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lemke P. A. Viruses of eucaryotic microorganisms. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1976;30:105–145. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.30.100176.000541. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Mitchell D. J., Herring A. J., Bevan E. A. The genetic control of DS-RNA virus-like particles associated with Saccharomyces cerevisiae killer yeast. Heredity (Edinb) 1976 Aug;37(1):129–134. doi: 10.1038/hdy.1976.71. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Oliver S. G., McCREADY S. J., Holm C., Sutherland P. A., McLaughlin C. S., Cox B. S. Biochemical and physiological studies of the yeast virus-like particle. J Bacteriol. 1977 Jun;130(3):1303–1309. doi: 10.1128/jb.130.3.1303-1309.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Palfree R. G., Bussey H. Yeast killer toxin: purification and characterisation of the protein toxin from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Eur J Biochem. 1979 Feb 1;93(3):487–493. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1979.tb12847.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Schonberg M., Silverstein S. C., Levin D. H., Acs G. Asynchronous synthesis of the complementary strands of the reovirus genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1971 Feb;68(2):505–508. doi: 10.1073/pnas.68.2.505. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Silverstein S. C., Christman J. K., Acs G. The reovirus replicative cycle. Annu Rev Biochem. 1976;45:375–408. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.45.070176.002111. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Somers J. M., Bevan E. A. The inheritance of the killer character in yeast. Genet Res. 1969 Feb;13(1):71–83. doi: 10.1017/s0016672300002743. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Studier F. W. Analysis of bacteriophage T7 early RNAs and proteins on slab gels. J Mol Biol. 1973 Sep 15;79(2):237–248. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(73)90003-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Vodkin M. H., Fink G. R. A nucleic acid associated with a killer strain of yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1973 Apr;70(4):1069–1072. doi: 10.1073/pnas.70.4.1069. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Vodkin M., Katterman F., Fink G. R. Yeast killer mutants with altered double-stranded ribonucleic acid. J Bacteriol. 1974 Feb;117(2):681–686. doi: 10.1128/jb.117.2.681-686.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Wickner R. B. "Killer character" of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: curing by growth at elevated temperature. J Bacteriol. 1974 Mar;117(3):1356–1357. doi: 10.1128/jb.117.3.1356-1357.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Wickner R. B. Chromosomal and nonchromosomal mutations affecting the "killer character" of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics. 1974 Mar;76(3):423–432. doi: 10.1093/genetics/76.3.423. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Wickner R. B., Leibowitz M. J. Chromosomal genes essential for replication of a double-stranded RNA plasmid of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: the killer character of yeast. J Mol Biol. 1976 Aug 15;105(3):427–443. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(76)90102-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Wickner R. B., Leibowitz M. J. Dominant chromosomal mutation bypassing chromosomal genes needed for killer RNA plasmid replication in yeast. Genetics. 1977 Nov;87(3):453–469. doi: 10.1093/genetics/87.3.453. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Wickner R. B., Leibowitz M. J. Mak mutants of yeast: mapping and characterization. J Bacteriol. 1979 Oct;140(1):154–160. doi: 10.1128/jb.140.1.154-160.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Wickner R. B. The killer double-stranded RNA plasmids of yeast. Plasmid. 1979 Jul;2(3):303–322. doi: 10.1016/0147-619x(79)90015-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Wickner R. B. Twenty-six chromosomal genes needed to maintain the killer double-stranded RNA plasmid of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Genetics. 1978 Mar;88(3):419–425. doi: 10.1093/genetics/88.3.419. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Wood H. A. Viruses with double-stranded RNA genomes. J Gen Virol. 1973 Jun;20(Suppl):61–85. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-20-Supplement-61. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES