Skip to main content
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1989 Jul;86(14):5247–5251. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.14.5247

Multiple enhancer-like sequences in the HLA-B7 gene.

S Ganguly 1, H A Vasavada 1, S M Weissman 1
PMCID: PMC297598  PMID: 2501782

Abstract

Enhancer-like sequences have previously been identified in the promoter region of the mouse major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I genes. We have screened for such sequences in and around a human MHC class I gene, HLA-B7. Various restriction fragments of the B7 gene were assayed for their ability to enhance transcription of a bacterial chloramphenicol acetyltransferase gene from a simian virus 40 promoter in transiently transfected mouse LTA cells. Our results demonstrate that enhancer activity is located in introns 3 and 5 as well as 5' to the transcription initiation site. RNase protection experiments corroborate the results. Preliminary experiments indicate that B7 enhancers are active in various cell types. The role of these enhancers in B7 gene expression is not known at present. We speculate that the position of the enhancer elements may be related to the occurrence of Hpa II tiny fragment islands.

Full text

PDF
5250

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Baldwin A. S., Jr, Sharp P. A. Binding of a nuclear factor to a regulatory sequence in the promoter of the mouse H-2Kb class I major histocompatibility gene. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jan;7(1):305–313. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.1.305. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Banerji J., Olson L., Schaffner W. A lymphocyte-specific cellular enhancer is located downstream of the joining region in immunoglobulin heavy chain genes. Cell. 1983 Jul;33(3):729–740. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90015-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Behringer R. R., Hammer R. E., Brinster R. L., Palmiter R. D., Townes T. M. Two 3' sequences direct adult erythroid-specific expression of human beta-globin genes in transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Oct;84(20):7056–7060. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.20.7056. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bird A. P. CpG-rich islands and the function of DNA methylation. Nature. 1986 May 15;321(6067):209–213. doi: 10.1038/321209a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bornstein P., McKay J., Morishima J. K., Devarayalu S., Gelinas R. E. Regulatory elements in the first intron contribute to transcriptional control of the human alpha 1(I) collagen gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(24):8869–8873. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.24.8869. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Chamberlain J. W., Nolan J. A., Conrad P. J., Vasavada H. A., Vasavada H. H., Ploegh H. L., Ganguly S., Janeway C. A., Jr, Weissman S. M. Tissue-specific and cell surface expression of human major histocompatibility complex class I heavy (HLA-B7) and light (beta 2-microglobulin) chain genes in transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Oct;85(20):7690–7694. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.20.7690. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Chamberlain J. W., Nolan J. A., Gromkowski S. H., Kelley K. A., Eisenstadt J. M., Herrup K., Janeway C. A., Jr, Weissman S. M. Cell surface expression and alloantigenic function of a human class I MHC heavy chain gene (HLA-B7) in transgenic mice. J Immunol. 1988 Feb 15;140(4):1285–1292. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Chirgwin J. M., Przybyla A. E., MacDonald R. J., Rutter W. J. Isolation of biologically active ribonucleic acid from sources enriched in ribonuclease. Biochemistry. 1979 Nov 27;18(24):5294–5299. doi: 10.1021/bi00591a005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Fordis C. M., Howard B. H. Use of the CAT reporter gene for optimization of gene transfer into eukaryotic cells. Methods Enzymol. 1987;151:382–397. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(87)51030-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Gillies S. D., Morrison S. L., Oi V. T., Tonegawa S. A tissue-specific transcription enhancer element is located in the major intron of a rearranged immunoglobulin heavy chain gene. Cell. 1983 Jul;33(3):717–728. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90014-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Gorman C. M., Howard B. H., Reeves R. Expression of recombinant plasmids in mammalian cells is enhanced by sodium butyrate. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Nov 11;11(21):7631–7648. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.21.7631. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hall C. V., Jacob P. E., Ringold G. M., Lee F. Expression and regulation of Escherichia coli lacZ gene fusions in mammalian cells. J Mol Appl Genet. 1983;2(1):101–109. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Halloran P. F., Wadgymar A., Autenried P. The regulation of expression of major histocompatibility complex products. Transplantation. 1986 Apr;41(4):413–420. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Harris H. W., Gill T. J., 3rd Expression of class I transplantation antigens. Transplantation. 1986 Aug;42(2):109–117. doi: 10.1097/00007890-198608000-00001. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Herbomel P., Bourachot B., Yaniv M. Two distinct enhancers with different cell specificities coexist in the regulatory region of polyoma. Cell. 1984 Dec;39(3 Pt 2):653–662. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90472-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Horton W., Miyashita T., Kohno K., Hassell J. R., Yamada Y. Identification of a phenotype-specific enhancer in the first intron of the rat collagen II gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Dec;84(24):8864–8868. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.24.8864. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Israël A., Kimura A., Kieran M., Yano O., Kanellopoulos J., Le Bail O., Kourilsky P. A common positive trans-acting factor binds to enhancer sequences in the promoters of mouse H-2 and beta 2-microglobulin genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 May;84(9):2653–2657. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.9.2653. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Kimura A., Israël A., Le Bail O., Kourilsky P. Detailed analysis of the mouse H-2Kb promoter: enhancer-like sequences and their role in the regulation of class I gene expression. Cell. 1986 Jan 31;44(2):261–272. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90760-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Korber B., Hood L., Stroynowski I. Regulation of murine class I genes by interferons is controlled by regions located both 5' and 3' to the transcription initiation site. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 May;84(10):3380–3384. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.10.3380. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Laimins L. A., Khoury G., Gorman C., Howard B., Gruss P. Host-specific activation of transcription by tandem repeats from simian virus 40 and Moloney murine sarcoma virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Nov;79(21):6453–6457. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.21.6453. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Melton D. A., Krieg P. A., Rebagliati M. R., Maniatis T., Zinn K., Green M. R. Efficient in vitro synthesis of biologically active RNA and RNA hybridization probes from plasmids containing a bacteriophage SP6 promoter. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Sep 25;12(18):7035–7056. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.18.7035. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Shirayoshi Y., Burke P. A., Appella E., Ozato K. Interferon-induced transcription of a major histocompatibility class I gene accompanies binding of inducible nuclear factors to the interferon consensus sequence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1988 Aug;85(16):5884–5888. doi: 10.1073/pnas.85.16.5884. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Sollner-Webb B. Surprises in polymerase III transcription. Cell. 1988 Jan 29;52(2):153–154. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90500-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Srivastava R., Duceman B. W., Biro P. A., Sood A. K., Weissman S. M. Molecular organization of the class I genes of human major histocompatibility complex. Immunol Rev. 1985 Jul;84:93–121. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1985.tb01127.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Sullivan K. E., Peterlin B. M. Transcriptional enhancers in the HLA-DQ subregion. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Sep;7(9):3315–3319. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.9.3315. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Vogel J., Kress M., Khoury G., Jay G. A transcriptional enhancer and an interferon-responsive sequence in major histocompatibility complex class I genes. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Oct;6(10):3550–3554. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.10.3550. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Wang Y., Larsen A. S., Peterlin B. M. A tissue-specific transcriptional enhancer is found in the body of the HLA-DR alpha gene. J Exp Med. 1987 Sep 1;166(3):625–636. doi: 10.1084/jem.166.3.625. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Yoshie O., Schmidt H., Lengyel P., Reddy E. S., Morgan W. R., Weissman S. M. Transcripts of human HLA gene fragments lacking the 5'-terminal region in transfected mouse cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Feb;81(3):649–653. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.3.649. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Zinn K., DiMaio D., Maniatis T. Identification of two distinct regulatory regions adjacent to the human beta-interferon gene. Cell. 1983 Oct;34(3):865–879. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90544-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES