Skip to main content
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1992 May 11;20(9):2341–2347. doi: 10.1093/nar/20.9.2341

Chimeric and truncated RNAs in Trypanosoma brucei suggest transesterifications at non-consecutive sites during RNA editing.

L K Read 1, R A Corell 1, K Stuart 1
PMCID: PMC312351  PMID: 1594451

Abstract

RNA editing adds and removes uridines at specific sites in several mitochondrial transcripts in kinetoplastid parasites probably as specified by guide RNAs (gRNAs) that are complementary to the final edited sequence. Editing has been postulated to involve transesterification which predicts (1) chimeric molecules with a gRNA covalently attached by its non-encoded oligo U tail to an internal editing site in the mRNA and (2) the corresponding truncated 5' portions of the mRNAs. We have characterized cDNAs representing a large number of both types of intermediates from Trypanosoma brucei. The lengths of both U tails and encoded gRNA sequences vary greatly in length. The majority of encoded gRNA sequences are shorter than predicted based on their minicircle coding sequences. Analysis of the predominant sites of gRNA attachment in chimeras suggests that the transesterifications that religate the truncated 5' mRNAs may proceed more rapidly at editing sites at the 5' end of an editing domain and at sites of U deletion. Partially edited sequences in the mRNA portion of chimeras and at the 3' ends of truncated 5' mRNAs also indicate a non-consecutive order of site selection during RNA editing.

Full text

PDF
2342

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Abraham J. M., Feagin J. E., Stuart K. Characterization of cytochrome c oxidase III transcripts that are edited only in the 3' region. Cell. 1988 Oct 21;55(2):267–272. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90049-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bakalara N., Simpson A. M., Simpson L. The Leishmania kinetoplast-mitochondrion contains terminal uridylyltransferase and RNA ligase activities. J Biol Chem. 1989 Nov 5;264(31):18679–18686. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Benne R. RNA editing in trypanosomes: is there a message? Trends Genet. 1990 Jun;6(6):177–181. doi: 10.1016/0168-9525(90)90173-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Benne R., Van den Burg J., Brakenhoff J. P., Sloof P., Van Boom J. H., Tromp M. C. Major transcript of the frameshifted coxII gene from trypanosome mitochondria contains four nucleotides that are not encoded in the DNA. Cell. 1986 Sep 12;46(6):819–826. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90063-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bhat G. J., Koslowsky D. J., Feagin J. E., Smiley B. L., Stuart K. An extensively edited mitochondrial transcript in kinetoplastids encodes a protein homologous to ATPase subunit 6. Cell. 1990 Jun 1;61(5):885–894. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90199-o. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Bhat G. J., Myler P. J., Stuart K. The two ATPase 6 mRNAs of Leishmania tarentolae differ at their 3' ends. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1991 Oct;48(2):139–149. doi: 10.1016/0166-6851(91)90110-r. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Blum B., Bakalara N., Simpson L. A model for RNA editing in kinetoplastid mitochondria: "guide" RNA molecules transcribed from maxicircle DNA provide the edited information. Cell. 1990 Jan 26;60(2):189–198. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90735-w. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Blum B., Simpson L. Guide RNAs in kinetoplastid mitochondria have a nonencoded 3' oligo(U) tail involved in recognition of the preedited region. Cell. 1990 Jul 27;62(2):391–397. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90375-o. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Blum B., Sturm N. R., Simpson A. M., Simpson L. Chimeric gRNA-mRNA molecules with oligo(U) tails covalently linked at sites of RNA editing suggest that U addition occurs by transesterification. Cell. 1991 May 17;65(4):543–550. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90087-f. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Cech T. R. RNA editing: world's smallest introns? Cell. 1991 Feb 22;64(4):667–669. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90494-j. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Cech T. R. The generality of self-splicing RNA: relationship to nuclear mRNA splicing. Cell. 1986 Jan 31;44(2):207–210. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90751-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Chomczynski P., Sacchi N. Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal Biochem. 1987 Apr;162(1):156–159. doi: 10.1006/abio.1987.9999. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Decker C. J., Sollner-Webb B. RNA editing involves indiscriminate U changes throughout precisely defined editing domains. Cell. 1990 Jun 15;61(6):1001–1011. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90065-m. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Devereux J., Haeberli P., Smithies O. A comprehensive set of sequence analysis programs for the VAX. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jan 11;12(1 Pt 1):387–395. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.1part1.387. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Feagin J. E., Abraham J. M., Stuart K. Extensive editing of the cytochrome c oxidase III transcript in Trypanosoma brucei. Cell. 1988 May 6;53(3):413–422. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90161-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Feagin J. E. RNA editing in kinetoplastid mitochondria. J Biol Chem. 1990 Nov 15;265(32):19373–19376. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Harris M. E., Moore D. R., Hajduk S. L. Addition of uridines to edited RNAs in trypanosome mitochondria occurs independently of transcription. J Biol Chem. 1990 Jul 5;265(19):11368–11376. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Jasmer D. P., Feagin J. E., Payne M., Stuart K. Variation of G-rich mitochondrial transcripts among stocks of Trypanosoma brucei. Mol Biochem Parasitol. 1987 Jan 15;22(2-3):259–272. doi: 10.1016/0166-6851(87)90057-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Koslowsky D. J., Bhat G. J., Perrollaz A. L., Feagin J. E., Stuart K. The MURF3 gene of T. brucei contains multiple domains of extensive editing and is homologous to a subunit of NADH dehydrogenase. Cell. 1990 Sep 7;62(5):901–911. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90265-g. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Pollard V. W., Rohrer S. P., Michelotti E. F., Hancock K., Hajduk S. L. Organization of minicircle genes for guide RNAs in Trypanosoma brucei. Cell. 1990 Nov 16;63(4):783–790. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90144-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Read L. K., Myler P. J., Stuart K. Extensive editing of both processed and preprocessed maxicircle CR6 transcripts in Trypanosoma brucei. J Biol Chem. 1992 Jan 15;267(2):1123–1128. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Shaw J. M., Feagin J. E., Stuart K., Simpson L. Editing of kinetoplastid mitochondrial mRNAs by uridine addition and deletion generates conserved amino acid sequences and AUG initiation codons. Cell. 1988 May 6;53(3):401–411. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90160-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Simpson L. RNA editing--a novel genetic phenomenon? Science. 1990 Oct 26;250(4980):512–513. doi: 10.1126/science.1700474. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Stuart K., Gelvin S. R. Kinetoplast DNA of normal and mutant Trypanosoma brucei. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1980 Sep;29(5 Suppl):1075–1081. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1980.29.1075. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Stuart K., Gobright E., Jenni L., Milhausen M., Thomashow L., Agabian N. The IsTaR 1 serodeme of Trypanosoma brucei: development of a new serodeme. J Parasitol. 1984 Oct;70(5):747–754. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Stuart K. RNA editing in mitochondrial mRNA of trypanosomatids. Trends Biochem Sci. 1991 Feb;16(2):68–72. doi: 10.1016/0968-0004(91)90027-s. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Stuart K. RNA editing in trypanosomatid mitochondria. Annu Rev Microbiol. 1991;45:327–344. doi: 10.1146/annurev.mi.45.100191.001551. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Sturm N. R., Simpson L. Kinetoplast DNA minicircles encode guide RNAs for editing of cytochrome oxidase subunit III mRNA. Cell. 1990 Jun 1;61(5):879–884. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90198-n. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES