Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Bacteriology logoLink to Journal of Bacteriology
. 1966 Mar;91(3):1126–1135. doi: 10.1128/jb.91.3.1126-1135.1966

Genetic Determination of Enzymes Synthesizing O-Specific Sugars of Salmonella Lipopolysaccharides

Hiroshi Nikaido 1,2, Kishiko Nikaido 1,2, P Helena Mäkelä 1,2,1
PMCID: PMC316005  PMID: 5326096

Abstract

Nikaido, Hiroshi (Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass.), Kishiko Nikaido, and P. Helena Mäkelä. Genetic determination of enzymes synthesizing O-specific sugars of Salmonella lipopolysaccharides. J. Bacteriol. 91:1126–1135. 1966.—Levels of enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of various nucleotide sugars were examined in parental strains and recombinants obtained in crosses between Salmonella of groups B, C2, and C1 with the O antigen specificities 4, 5, 12; 6, 8; and 6,7, respectively. The results showed that smooth strains of groups B and C2 possessed the enzymes for the synthesis of guanosine diphosphate mannose, cytidine diphosphate abequose, and thymidine diphosphate rhamnose; these sugars are constituents of their lipopolysaccharides. Group C1 lipopolysaccharide is devoid of both abequose and rhamnose, and the corresponding enzymes for cytidine diphosphate abequose synthesis, as well as the enzyme(s) catalyzing the last step(s) of thymidine diphosphate rhamnose synthesis, were undetectable in S. montevideo of this group. Two other enzymes also involved in the biosynthesis of thymidine diphosphate rhamnose were present at a low level of activity; their function in this strain is not known. The analysis of enzyme levels in recombinants indicated that genes determining at least eight of the enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of nucleotide-bound mannose, rhamnose, and abequose were located in the O locus known to determine the specificity of the O antigen. In three rough recombinant strains, enzyme levels indicated that crossing-over had presumably occurred within the O locus. The results also suggested a high degree of nonhomology in this region of the chromosome between groups B and C1.

Full text

PDF
1132

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. ELBEIN A. D. THE ENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS OF CYTIDINE DIPHOSPHATE TYVELOSE. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1965 Apr;53:803–806. doi: 10.1073/pnas.53.4.803. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. GINSBURG V. SUGAR NUCLEOTIDES AND THE SYNTHESIS OF CARBOHYDRATES. Adv Enzymol Relat Areas Mol Biol. 1964;26:35–88. doi: 10.1002/9780470122716.ch2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. GLASER L., KORNFELD S., BROWN D. H. Preparation and properties of phosphomannomutase from baker's yeast. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1959 Jun;33(2):522–526. doi: 10.1016/0006-3002(59)90143-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. JOHNSON E. M., KRAUSKOPF B., BARON L. S. GENETIC MAPPING OF VI AND SOMATIC ANTIGENIC DETERMINANTS IN SALMONELLA. J Bacteriol. 1965 Aug;90:302–308. doi: 10.1128/jb.90.2.302-308.1965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. KAUFFMANN F., LUEDERITZ O., STIERLIN H., WESTPHAL O. [On the immunochemistry of O antigens of Enterobacteriaceae. I. Analysis of the sugar component of Salmonella O antigens]. Zentralbl Bakteriol. 1960 May;178:442–458. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. KOTELKO K., STAUB A. M., TINELLI R. [Immunochemical study on Salmonella. VIII. Role of O acetyl groupings in the specificity of the O:5 factor]. Ann Inst Pasteur (Paris) 1961 May;100:618–637. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. MAKELA P. H. HFR males in Salmonella abony. Genetics. 1963 Mar;48:423–429. doi: 10.1093/genetics/48.3.423. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. MATSUHASHI M., STROMINGER J. L. THYMIDINE DIPHOSPHATE 4-ACETAMIDO-4, 6-DIDEOXYHEXOSES. I. ENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS BY STRAINS OF ESCHERICHIA COLI. J Biol Chem. 1964 Aug;239:2454–2463. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. MORIKAWA N., IMAE Y., NIKAIDO H. ISOLATION OF URIDINE DIPHOSPHOGALACTOSE FROM ESCHERICHIA COLI MUTANT CELLS. J Biochem. 1964 Aug;56:145–150. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a127971. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Matsuhashi S., Strominger J. L. Reversible 2-epimerization of CDP-paratose and CDP-tyvelose. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1965 Jul 12;20(2):169–175. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(65)90341-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Mäkelä P. H. Genetic determination of the O antigens of Salmonella groups B (4,5,12) and C1(6,7). J Bacteriol. 1966 Mar;91(3):1115–1125. doi: 10.1128/jb.91.3.1115-1125.1966. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Mäkelä P. H. Inheritance of the O antigens of Salmonella groups B and D. J Gen Microbiol. 1965 Oct;41(1):57–65. doi: 10.1099/00221287-41-1-57. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. NAIDE Y., NIKAIDO H., MAEKELAE P. H., WILKINSON R. G., STOCKER B. A. SEMIROUGH STRAINS OF SALMONELLA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1965 Jan;53:147–153. doi: 10.1073/pnas.53.1.147. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. NIKAIDO H., MIKAIDO K., SUBBAIAH T. V., STOCKER B. A. ROUGH MUTANTS OF SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM. III. ENZYMATIC SYNTHESIS OF NUCLEOTIDE-SUGAR COMPOUNDS. Nature. 1964 Mar 28;201:1301–1302. doi: 10.1038/2011301a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Nikaido H. Biosynthesis of cell wall polysaccharide in mutant strains of Salmonella. 3. Transfer of L-rhamnose and D-galactose. Biochemistry. 1965 Aug;4(8):1550–1561. doi: 10.1021/bi00884a014. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. OKAZAKI R., OKAZAKIT, STROMINGER J. L., MICHELSON A. M. Thymidine diphosphate 4-keto-6-deoxy-d-glucose, an intermediate in thymidine diphosphate L-rhamnose synthesis in Escherichia coli strains. J Biol Chem. 1962 Oct;237:3014–3026. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. ROBBINS P. W., UCHIDA T. Studies on the chemical basis of the phage conversion of O-antigens in the E-group Salmonellae. Biochemistry. 1962 Mar;1:323–335. doi: 10.1021/bi00908a020. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. SANDERSON K. E., DEMEREC M. THE LINKAGE MAP OF SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM. Genetics. 1965 Jun;51:897–913. doi: 10.1093/genetics/51.6.897. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. SMITH S. M., STOCKER B. A. Colicinogeny and recombination. Br Med Bull. 1962 Jan;18:46–51. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a069934. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. SUBBAIAH T. V., STOCKER B. A. ROUGH MUTANTS OF SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM. I. GENETICS. Nature. 1964 Mar 28;201:1298–1299. doi: 10.1038/2011298a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. WHEAT R. W., ROLLINS E. L., LEATHERWOOD J. M. Characterization of a 4-amino-4:6-dideoxy aldohexose from Chromobacterium violaceum. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1962 Sep 25;9:120–125. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(62)90099-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Bacteriology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES