Skip to main content
PMC home page
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1989 Sep 12;17(17):6841–6854. doi: 10.1093/nar/17.17.6841

Detection and cloning of new HTLV-related endogenous sequences in man.

A Perl 1, J D Rosenblatt 1, I S Chen 1, J P DiVincenzo 1, R Bever 1, B J Poiesz 1, G N Abraham 1
PMCID: PMC318416  PMID: 2780312

Abstract

Human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV) type I-related endogenous sequences (HRES) have been cloned from a human genomic library. HRES-1/1 is present in DNA of all normal donors examined. By nucleotide sequence analysis, HRES-1/1 contains two potential open reading frames capable of encoding a p25 and a p15. A 684 bp flanking region 5' from the first ATG codon of p25 contains a TATA-box, a poly-adenylation signal, a putative tRNA primer binding site, and inverted repeats at locations which are typical of a retroviral long terminal repeat. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that HRES-1/1 entered the genome in primates, presumably as an exogenous retrovirus. From the deduced amino acid sequence of HRES-1/1 p25, residues 6-36 show a sequence homology of 32% and 39% to gag region segments of HTLV-I and HTLV-II, while residues 104-139 display a sequence homology of 33% and 28% to the gag regions of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and feline sarcoma virus (FSV), respectively. This suggests that the original exogenous virus infecting primate may be chimeric in structure. The HRES-1/1 genomic locus is transcriptionally active in lymphoid cells, melanoma cells, and embryonic tissues.

Full text

PDF
6843

Images in this article

6843Image
on p.6843
6845Image
on p.6845
6850Image
on p.6850
6852Image
on p.6852

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. BOLTON E. T., McCARTHY B. J. A general method for the isolation of RNA complementary to DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1962 Aug;48:1390–1397. doi: 10.1073/pnas.48.8.1390. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Badley J. E., Bishop G. A., St John T., Frelinger J. A. A simple, rapid method for the purification of poly A+ RNA. Biotechniques. 1988 Feb;6(2):114–116. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Battey J., Moulding C., Taub R., Murphy W., Stewart T., Potter H., Lenoir G., Leder P. The human c-myc oncogene: structural consequences of translocation into the IgH locus in Burkitt lymphoma. Cell. 1983 Oct;34(3):779–787. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90534-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Benveniste R. E., Todaro G. J. Multiple divergent copies of endogenous C-type virogenes in mammalian cells. Nature. 1974 Nov 8;252(5479):170–173. doi: 10.1038/252170a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bonner T. I., O'Connell C., Cohen M. Cloned endogenous retroviral sequences from human DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Aug;79(15):4709–4713. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.15.4709. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Brown W. M., Prager E. M., Wang A., Wilson A. C. Mitochondrial DNA sequences of primates: tempo and mode of evolution. J Mol Evol. 1982;18(4):225–239. doi: 10.1007/BF01734101. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Callahan R., Drohan W., Tronick S., Schlom J. Detection and cloning of human DNA sequences related to the mouse mammary tumor virus genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Sep;79(18):5503–5507. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.18.5503. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Chattopadhyay S. K., Lowy D. R., Teich N. M., Levine A. S., Rowe W. P. Evidence that the AKR murine-leukemia-virus genome is complete in DNA of the high-virus AKR mouse and incomplete in the DNA of the "virus-negative" NIH mouse. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1974 Jan;71(1):167–171. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.1.167. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Feinberg A. P., Vogelstein B. A technique for radiolabeling DNA restriction endonuclease fragments to high specific activity. Anal Biochem. 1983 Jul 1;132(1):6–13. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(83)90418-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Gunning P., Ponte P., Okayama H., Engel J., Blau H., Kedes L. Isolation and characterization of full-length cDNA clones for human alpha-, beta-, and gamma-actin mRNAs: skeletal but not cytoplasmic actins have an amino-terminal cysteine that is subsequently removed. Mol Cell Biol. 1983 May;3(5):787–795. doi: 10.1128/mcb.3.5.787. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Guyader M., Emerman M., Sonigo P., Clavel F., Montagnier L., Alizon M. Genome organization and transactivation of the human immunodeficiency virus type 2. Nature. 1987 Apr 16;326(6114):662–669. doi: 10.1038/326662a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hampe A., Gobet M., Sherr C. J., Galibert F. Nucleotide sequence of the feline retroviral oncogene v-fms shows unexpected homology with oncogenes encoding tyrosine-specific protein kinases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Jan;81(1):85–89. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.1.85. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Harada F., Tsukada N., Kato N. Isolation of three kinds of human endogenous retrovirus-like sequences using tRNA(Pro) as a probe. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Nov 25;15(22):9153–9162. doi: 10.1093/nar/15.22.9153. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Hieter P. A., Max E. E., Seidman J. G., Maizel J. V., Jr, Leder P. Cloned human and mouse kappa immunoglobulin constant and J region genes conserve homology in functional segments. Cell. 1980 Nov;22(1 Pt 1):197–207. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90168-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Kohl N. E., Legouy E., DePinho R. A., Nisen P. D., Smith R. K., Gee C. E., Alt F. W. Human N-myc is closely related in organization and nucleotide sequence to c-myc. Nature. 1986 Jan 2;319(6048):73–77. doi: 10.1038/319073a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Kröger B., Horak I. Isolation of novel human retrovirus-related sequences by hybridization to synthetic oligonucleotides complementary to the tRNA(Pro) primer-binding site. J Virol. 1987 Jul;61(7):2071–2075. doi: 10.1128/jvi.61.7.2071-2075.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Maeda N. Nucleotide sequence of the haptoglobin and haptoglobin-related gene pair. The haptoglobin-related gene contains a retrovirus-like element. J Biol Chem. 1985 Jun 10;260(11):6698–6709. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Mager D. L., Henthorn P. S. Identification of a retrovirus-like repetitive element in human DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Dec;81(23):7510–7514. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.23.7510. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Noda M., Kurihara M., Takano T. Retrovirus-related sequences in human DNA: detection and cloning of sequences which hybridize with the long terminal repeat of baboon endogenous virus. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 May 11;10(9):2865–2878. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.9.2865. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. O'Connell C., O'Brien S., Nash W. G., Cohen M. ERV3, a full-length human endogenous provirus: chromosomal localization and evolutionary relationships. Virology. 1984 Oct 30;138(2):225–235. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(84)90347-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Perl A., Wang N., Williams J. M., Hunt M. J., Rosenfeld S. I., Condemi J. J., Packman C. H., Abraham G. N. Aberrant immunoglobulin and c-myc gene rearrangements in patients with nonmalignant monoclonal cryoglobulinemia. J Immunol. 1987 Nov 15;139(10):3512–3520. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Rabson A. B., Hamagishi Y., Steele P. E., Tykocinski M., Martin M. A. Characterization of human endogenous retroviral envelope RNA transcripts. J Virol. 1985 Oct;56(1):176–182. doi: 10.1128/jvi.56.1.176-182.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Ravetch J. V., Siebenlist U., Korsmeyer S., Waldmann T., Leder P. Structure of the human immunoglobulin mu locus: characterization of embryonic and rearranged J and D genes. Cell. 1981 Dec;27(3 Pt 2):583–591. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90400-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Risser R., Horowitz J. M., McCubrey J. Endogenous mouse leukemia viruses. Annu Rev Genet. 1983;17:85–121. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ge.17.120183.000505. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Rosen C. A., Sodroski J. G., Goh W. C., Dayton A. I., Lippke J., Haseltine W. A. Post-transcriptional regulation accounts for the trans-activation of the human T-lymphotropic virus type III. Nature. 1986 Feb 13;319(6054):555–559. doi: 10.1038/319555a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Seiki M., Hattori S., Hirayama Y., Yoshida M. Human adult T-cell leukemia virus: complete nucleotide sequence of the provirus genome integrated in leukemia cell DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Jun;80(12):3618–3622. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.12.3618. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Shimotohno K., Takahashi Y., Shimizu N., Gojobori T., Golde D. W., Chen I. S., Miwa M., Sugimura T. Complete nucleotide sequence of an infectious clone of human T-cell leukemia virus type II: an open reading frame for the protease gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 May;82(10):3101–3105. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.10.3101. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Temin H. M. Structure, variation and synthesis of retrovirus long terminal repeat. Cell. 1981 Nov;27(1 Pt 2):1–3. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90353-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Wahl G. M., Stern M., Stark G. R. Efficient transfer of large DNA fragments from agarose gels to diazobenzyloxymethyl-paper and rapid hybridization by using dextran sulfate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Aug;76(8):3683–3687. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.8.3683. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES