Skip to main content
PMC home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1981 Mar;78(3):1532–1536. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.3.1532

Role of DNA gyrase subunits in synthesis of bacteriophage phi X174 viral DNA.

R K Hamatake, R Mukai, M Hayashi
PMCID: PMC319165  PMID: 6262812

Abstract

The role of Escherichia coli DNA gyrase subunit A and subunit B during phi X174 viral DNA synthesis was investigated. Addition of nalidixic acid (an inhibitor of gyrase subunit A) and novobiocin (an inhibitor of gyrase subunit B) to an in vitro system capable of synthesizing phi X174 viral DNA inhibited DNA synthesis. The inhibition caused by novobiocin, however, was not due specifically to an inhibition of gyrase subunit B because DNA synthesis in an in vitro system composed of an extract containing novobiocin-resistant gyrase subunit B was also inhibited by novobiocin. The requirement for gyrase subunit A and the dispensability of gyrase subunit B during viral strand synthesis was confirmed in vivo by examining phi X174 viral DNA synthesis in host bacteria containing temperature-sensitive gyrase subunits.

Full text

PDF
1533

Images in this article

1534Image
on p.1534

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Brown P. O., Peebles C. L., Cozzarelli N. R. A topoisomerase from Escherichia coli related to DNA gyrase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Dec;76(12):6110–6114. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.12.6110. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Cozzarelli N. R. DNA gyrase and the supercoiling of DNA. Science. 1980 Feb 29;207(4434):953–960. doi: 10.1126/science.6243420. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Denhardt D. T., Iwaya M., Larison L. L. The rep mutation. II. Its effect on Escherichia coli and on the replication of bacteriophage phi X174. Virology. 1972 Aug;49(2):486–496. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(72)90500-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Drlica K., Snyder M. Superhelical Escherichia coli DNA: relaxation by coumermycin. J Mol Biol. 1978 Apr 5;120(2):145–154. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(78)90061-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Eisenberg S., Griffith J., Kornberg A. phiX174 cistron A protein is a multifunctional enzyme in DNA replication. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Aug;74(8):3198–3202. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.8.3198. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. FONG P. THE UNWINDING OF THE DNA MOLECULE. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1964 Aug;52:239–246. doi: 10.1073/pnas.52.2.239. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Fujisawa H., Hayashi M. Viral DNA-synthesizing intermediate complex isolated during assembly of bacteriophage phi X174. J Virol. 1976 Aug;19(2):409–415. doi: 10.1128/jvi.19.2.409-415.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Gelfand D. H., Hayashi M. Electrophoretic characterization of phiX174-specific proteins. J Mol Biol. 1969 Sep 28;44(3):501–516. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(69)90376-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Gellert M., Fisher L. M., O'Dea M. H. DNA gyrase: purification and catalytic properties of a fragment of gyrase B protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Dec;76(12):6289–6293. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.12.6289. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Gellert M., Mizuuchi K., O'Dea M. H., Itoh T., Tomizawa J. I. Nalidixic acid resistance: a second genetic character involved in DNA gyrase activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Nov;74(11):4772–4776. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.11.4772. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Gellert M., Mizuuchi K., O'Dea M. H., Nash H. A. DNA gyrase: an enzyme that introduces superhelical turns into DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Nov;73(11):3872–3876. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.11.3872. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Gellert M., O'Dea M. H., Itoh T., Tomizawa J. Novobiocin and coumermycin inhibit DNA supercoiling catalyzed by DNA gyrase. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Dec;73(12):4474–4478. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.12.4474. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hayashi Y., Hayashi M. Template activities of the phi X-174 replicative allomorphic deoxyribonucleic acids. Biochemistry. 1971 Nov;10(23):4212–4218. doi: 10.1021/bi00799a009. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kornberg A. Aspects of DNA replication. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1979;43(Pt 1):1–9. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1979.043.01.003. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Koths K., Dressler D. The rolling circle . capsid complex as an intermediate in phi X DNA replication and viral assembly. J Biol Chem. 1980 May 10;255(9):4328–4338. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Kreuzer K. N., Cozzarelli N. R. Escherichia coli mutants thermosensitive for deoxyribonucleic acid gyrase subunit A: effects on deoxyribonucleic acid replication, transcription, and bacteriophage growth. J Bacteriol. 1979 Nov;140(2):424–435. doi: 10.1128/jb.140.2.424-435.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Langeveld S. A., van Mansfeld A. D., Baas P. D., Jansz H. S., van Arkel G. A., Weisbeek P. J. Nucleotide sequence of the origin of replication in bacteriophage phiX174 RF DNA. Nature. 1978 Feb 2;271(5644):417–420. doi: 10.1038/271417a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Levinthal C., Crane H. R. ON THE UNWINDING OF DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1956 Jul;42(7):436–438. doi: 10.1073/pnas.42.7.436. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Lindqvist B. H., Sinsheimer R. L. The process of infection with bacteriophage phi-X174. XV. Bacteriophage DNA synthesis in abortive infections with a set of conditional lethal mutants. J Mol Biol. 1967 Nov 28;30(1):69–80. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(67)90244-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Marians K. J., Ikeda J. E., Schlagman S., Hurwitz J. Role of DNA gyrase in phiX replicative-form replication in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 May;74(5):1965–1968. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.5.1965. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. McCarthy D. Gyrase-dependent initiation of bacteriophage T4 DNA replication: interactions of Escherichia coli gyrase with novobiocin, coumermycin and phage DNA-delay gene products. J Mol Biol. 1979 Jan 25;127(3):265–283. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(79)90329-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Mukai R., Hamatake R. K., Hayashi M. Isolation and identification of bacteriophage phi X174 prohead. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Oct;76(10):4877–4881. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.10.4877. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Mukai R., Hayashi M. In vitro system that synthesizes circular viral DNA of bacteriophage phi X 174. J Virol. 1977 Jun;22(3):619–625. doi: 10.1128/jvi.22.3.619-625.1977. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Mukai R., Hayashi M. Synthesis of infectious phiX-174 bacteriophage in vitro. Nature. 1977 Nov 24;270(5635):364–366. doi: 10.1038/270364a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Orr E., Fairweather N. F., Holland I. B., Pritchard R. H. Isolation and characterisation of a strain carrying a conditional lethal mutation in the cou gene of Escherichia coli K12. Mol Gen Genet. 1979;177(1):103–112. doi: 10.1007/BF00267259. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Puga A., Tessman I. Mechanism of transcription of bacteriophage S13. I. Dependence of messengerRNA synthesis on amount and configuration of DNA. J Mol Biol. 1973 Mar 25;75(1):83–97. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(73)90530-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Ryan M. J. Coumermycin A1: A preferential inhibitor of replicative DNA synthesis in Escherichia coli. I. In vivo characterization. Biochemistry. 1976 Aug 24;15(17):3769–3777. doi: 10.1021/bi00662a020. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Ryan M. J., Wells R. D. Coumerimycin A1: A preferential inhibitor of replicative DNA synthesis in Escherichia coli. II. In vivo characterization. Biochemistry. 1976 Aug 24;15(17):3778–3782. doi: 10.1021/bi00662a021. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Smith D. H., Davis B. D. Mode of action of novobiocin in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1967 Jan;93(1):71–79. doi: 10.1128/jb.93.1.71-79.1967. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Sugino A., Peebles C. L., Kreuzer K. N., Cozzarelli N. R. Mechanism of action of nalidixic acid: purification of Escherichia coli nalA gene product and its relationship to DNA gyrase and a novel nicking-closing enzyme. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Nov;74(11):4767–4771. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.11.4767. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Sumida-Yasumoto C., Ikeda J. E., Benz E., Marians K. J., Vicuna R., Sugrue S., Zipursky S. L., Hurwitz J. Replication of phiX174 DNA: in vitro synthesis of phiX RFI DNA and circular, single-stranded DNA. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1979;43(Pt 1):311–329. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1979.043.01.038. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES