Skip to main content
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1981 Jun;78(6):3454–3458. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.6.3454

Changes in the promoter range of RNA polymerase resulting from bacteriophage T4-induced modification of core enzyme.

A Goldfarb
PMCID: PMC319587  PMID: 7022450

Abstract

Primary transcripts made in vitro on bacteriophage T4 DNA by RNA polymerase isolated from normal or T4-infected Escherichia coli were compared by gel electrophoresis. Bacteriophage-modified RNA polymerase fails to initiate transcription at certain promoters recognized by unmodified enzyme. In the T4tRNA gene region, only one of the two promoters is active with the modified RNA polymerase. Reconstitution of separated RNA polymerase components demonstrates that this change in promoter site selection results from the modification of core enzyme and not sigma factor.

Full text

PDF
3457

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Baralle F. E., Travers A. Phage T4 infection restricts rRNA synthesis by E. coli RNA polymerase. Mol Gen Genet. 1976 Sep 23;147(3):291–297. doi: 10.1007/BF00582880. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Chamberlin M. J. The selectivity of transcription. Annu Rev Biochem. 1974;43(0):721–775. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.43.070174.003445. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Davison B. L., Murray C. L., Rabinowitz J. C. Specificity of promoter site utilization in vitro by bacterial RNA polymerases on Bacillus phage phi 29 DNA. Transcription mapping with exonuclease III. J Biol Chem. 1980 Sep 25;255(18):8819–8830. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Geiduschek E. P., Snyder L., Colvill A. J., Sarnat M. Selective synthesis of T-even bacteriophage early messenger in vitro. J Mol Biol. 1966 Aug;19(2):541–547. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(66)80021-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Goff C. G. Chemical structure of a modification of the Escherichia coli ribonucleic acid polymerase alpha polypeptides induced by bacteriophage T4 infection. J Biol Chem. 1974 Oct 10;249(19):6181–6190. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Goldfarb A., Daniel V. Mapping of transcription units in the bacteriophage T4 tRNA gene cluster. J Mol Biol. 1981 Mar 15;146(4):393–412. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(81)90039-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Goldfarb A. IN vitro transcription of bacteriophage T4 tRNA gene cluster from two different promoters. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Feb 11;9(3):519–527. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.3.519. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Goldfarb A., Seaman E., Daniel V. In vitro transcription and isolation of a polycistronic RNA product of the T4 tRNA operon. Nature. 1978 Jun 15;273(5663):562–564. doi: 10.1038/273562a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Horvitz H. R. Bacteriophage T4 mutants deficient in alteration and modification of the Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. J Mol Biol. 1974 Dec 25;90(4):739–750. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(74)90537-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Horvitz H. R. Control by bacteriophage T4 of two sequential phosphorylations of the alpha subunit of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. J Mol Biol. 1974 Dec 25;90(4):727–738. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(74)90536-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Horvitz H. R. Polypeptide bound to the host RNA polymerase is specified by T4 control gene 33. Nat New Biol. 1973 Aug 1;244(135):137–140. doi: 10.1038/newbio244137a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. KHESIN R. B., SHEMIAKIN M. F., GORLENKO Zh M., BOGDANOVA S. L., AFANAS'EVA T. P. [RNA polymerase in E. coli cells infected with T2 phage]. Biokhimiia. 1962 Nov-Dec;27:1092–1105. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Koerner J. F., Snustad D. P. Shutoff of host macromolecular synthesis after T-even bacteriophage infection. Microbiol Rev. 1979 Jun;43(2):199–223. doi: 10.1128/mr.43.2.199-223.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Mailhammer R., Yang H. L., Reiness G., Zubay G. Effects of bacteriophage T4-induced modification of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase on gene expression in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Dec;72(12):4928–4932. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.12.4928. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. O'Farrell P. Z., Gold L. M. Transcription and translation of prereplicative bacteriophage T4 genes in vitro. J Biol Chem. 1973 Aug 10;248(15):5512–5519. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Rabussay D., Geiduschek E. P. Construction and properties of a cell-free system for bacteriophage T4 late RNA synthesis. J Biol Chem. 1979 Jan 25;254(2):339–349. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Rabussay D., Geiduschek E. P. Phage T4-modified RNA polymerase transcribes T4 late genes in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5305–5309. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5305. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Ratner D. Letter to the editor: Bacteriophage T4 transcriptional control gene 55 codes for a protein bound to Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. J Mol Biol. 1974 Nov 15;89(4):803–807. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(74)90054-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Ratner D. The interaction bacterial and phage proteins with immobilized Escherichia coli RNA polymerase. J Mol Biol. 1974 Sep 15;88(2):373–383. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(74)90488-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Rohrer H., Zillig W., Mailhammer R. ADP-ribosylation of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli by an NAD+: protein ADP-ribosyltransferase from bacteriophage T4. Eur J Biochem. 1975 Dec 1;60(1):227–238. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1975.tb20995.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Rüger W. Transcription of bacteriophage T4 DNA in vitro: selective initiation with dinucleotides. Eur J Biochem. 1978 Jul 17;88(1):109–117. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1978.tb12427.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Schachner M., Zillig W. Fingerprint maps of tryptic peptides from subunits of Escherichia coli and T 4 -modified DNA-dependent RNA polymerases. Eur J Biochem. 1971 Oct 26;22(4):513–519. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1971.tb01571.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Seifert W., Qasba P., Walter G., Palm P., Schachner M., Zillig W. Kinetics of the alteration and modification of DNA-dependent RNA-polymerase in T4-infected E. coli cells. Eur J Biochem. 1969 Jun;9(3):319–324. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1969.tb00611.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Seifert W., Rabussay D., Zillig W. On the chemical nature of alteration and modification of DNA dependent RNA polymerase of E. coli after T4 infection. FEBS Lett. 1971 Aug 15;16(3):175–179. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(71)80125-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Skórko R., Zillig W., Rohrer H., Fujiki H., Mailhammer R. Purification and properties of the NAD+: protein ADP-ribosyltransferase responsible for the T4-phage-induced modification of the alpha subunit of DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli. Eur J Biochem. 1977 Sep 15;79(1):55–66. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1977.tb11783.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Stevens A. Deoxyribonucleic acid dependent ribonucleic acid polymerases from two T4 phage-infected systems. Biochemistry. 1974 Jan 29;13(3):493–503. doi: 10.1021/bi00700a015. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Stevens A. New small polypeptides associated with DNA-dependent RNA polymerase of Escherichia coli after infection with bacteriophage T4. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1972 Mar;69(3):603–607. doi: 10.1073/pnas.69.3.603. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Stevens A., Rhoton J. C. Characterization of an inhibitor causing potassium chloride sensitivity of an RNA polymerase from T4 phage-infected Escherichia coli. Biochemistry. 1975 Nov 18;14(23):5074–5079. doi: 10.1021/bi00694a007. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Thermes C., Daegelen P., De Franciscis V., Brody E. In vitro system for induction of delayed early RNA of bacteriophage T4. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Aug;73(8):2569–2573. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.8.2569. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Walter G., Seifert W., Zillig W. Modified DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from E. coli infected with bacteriophage T4. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1968 Feb 15;30(3):240–247. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(68)90441-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Wilson J. H., Kim J. S., Abelson J. N. Bacteriophage T4 transfer RNA. 3. Clustering of the genes for the T4 transfer RNA's. J Mol Biol. 1972 Nov 28;71(3):547–556. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(72)80022-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Young E. T., Mattson T., Selzer G., Van Houwe G., Bolle A., Epstein R. Bacteriophage T4 gene transcription studied by hybridization to cloned restriction fragments. J Mol Biol. 1980 Apr 15;138(3):423–445. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(80)80011-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES