Abstract
5 min after intravenous injection into rats of 14C- or 36Cl-carbon tetrachloride, liver lipids were found labeled. Most of the radioactivity was found in the phospholipid fraction. The metabolites were shown to comprise a heterogeneous group of branched long-chain chlorinated fatty acids, probably containing the trichloromethyl side chain. Surviving liver slices also formed these metabolites. In a simple chemical system which generates trichloromethyl free radicals, carbon tetrachloride added to methyl oleate to form esters which behaved like the metabolites during counter-current distribution and urea adduction. The evidence strongly suggests the formation of these metabolites by free radical attack on unsaturated lipids. The relation of these observations to current theories of carbon tetrachloride intoxication is discussed.
Full text
PDF
Images in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- AHRENS E. H., Jr, CRAIG L. C. Separation of the higher fatty acids. J Biol Chem. 1952 Mar;195(1):299–310. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- BUTLER T. C. Reduction of carbon tetrachloride in vivo and reduction of carbon tetrachloride and chloroform in vitro by tissues and tissue constituents. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1961 Dec;134:311–319. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- GALLAGHER C. H. Protection by antioxidants against lethal doses of carbon tetrachloride. Nature. 1961 Dec 2;192:881–882. doi: 10.1038/192881a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- HANAHAN D. J., DITTMER J. C., WARASHINA E. A column chromatographic separation of classes of phospholipides. J Biol Chem. 1957 Oct;228(2):685–700. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- McCOLLISTER D. D., BEAMER W. H., ATCHISON G. J., SPENCER H. C. The absorption, distribution and elimination of radioactive carbon tetrachloride by monkeys upon exposure to low vapor concentrations. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1951 Jun;102(2):112–124. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- PLAA G. L., EVANS E. A., HINE C. H. Relative hepatotoxicity of seven halogenated hydrocarbons. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1958 Jul;123(3):224–229. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- POGGI M., PAOLETTI R. A NEW INSIGHT ON CARBON TETRACHLORIDE EFFECT ON TRIGLYCERIDE TRANSPORT. Biochem Pharmacol. 1964 Jul;13:949–954. doi: 10.1016/0006-2952(64)90090-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- REYNOLDS E. S. LIVER PARENCHYMAL CELL INJURY. I. INITIAL ALTERATIONS OF THE CELL FOLLOWING POISONING WITH CARBON TETRACHLORIDE. J Cell Biol. 1963 Oct;19:139–157. doi: 10.1083/jcb.19.1.139. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Recknagel R. O. Carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity. Pharmacol Rev. 1967 Jun;19(2):145–208. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Recknagel R. O., Ghoshal A. K. Lipoperoxidation as a vector in carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity. Lab Invest. 1966 Jan;15(1 Pt 1):132–148. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Reynolds E. S. Liver parenchymal cell injury. IV. Pattern of incorporation of carbon and chlorine from carbon tetrachloride into chemical constituents of liver in vivo. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 1967 Jan;155(1):117–126. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SLATER T. F. A NOTE ON THE RELATIVE TOXIC ACTIVITIES OF TETRACHLOROMETHANE AND TRICHLORO-FLUORO-METHANE ON THE RAT. Biochem Pharmacol. 1965 Feb;14:178–181. doi: 10.1016/0006-2952(65)90074-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SMUCKLER E. A., BENDITT E. P. STUDIES ON CARBON TETRACHLORIDE INTOXICATION. 3. A SUBCELLULAR DEFECT IN PROTEIN SYNTHESIS. Biochemistry. 1965 Apr;4:671–679. doi: 10.1021/bi00880a009. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- SMUCKLER E. A., ISERI O. A., BENDITT E. P. An intracellular defect in protein synthesis induced by carbon tetrachloride. J Exp Med. 1962 Jul 1;116:55–72. doi: 10.1084/jem.116.1.55. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]