Skip to main content
PMC home page
The Journal of Clinical Investigation logoLink to The Journal of Clinical Investigation
. 1970 Aug;49(8):1551–1557. doi: 10.1172/JCI106372

Chromate transport in human leukocytes

David L Lilien 1, Jerry L Spivak 1, I David Goldman 1
PMCID: PMC322634  PMID: 5431664

Abstract

Chromium is a trace metal of importance in human physiology and, in addition, as 51-chromate, has been extensively used as a label in the study of blood cell pool sizes and intravascular kinetics. The transport characteristics of 51-chromate were investigated in normal human leukocytes. Chromate uptake is unidirectional over a 1 hr incubation with extracellular chromate concentrations up to 200 μmoles/liter. Under these conditions, intracellular 51-chromium is in a form in which it is nonexchangeable. Influx is temperature sensitive with a Q10 of approximately 2 and may be energy dependent since a variety of metabolic poisons strongly inhibit uptake. The unidirectional influx of chromate follows Michaelis-Menten kinetics; the maximum velocity is 52 mμmoles/g dry weight of cells per min and the chromate concentration at which influx velocity is half maximal is 87 μmoles/liter. This transport mechanism is highly specific for chromate; other divalent tetrahedral anions only slightly inhibit influx at concentrations up to 10 times that of chromate. Metavanadate, however, competitively inhibits chromate influx at equimolar concentrations. Exposure of cells to unlabeled chromate leads to inhibition of subsequent influx of 51-chromate. It is suggested that this is due to a primary inhibitory effect of chromate on cellular energy metabolism.

Full text

PDF
1554

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. AAS K. A., GARDNER F. H. Survival of blood platelets labeled with chromium. J Clin Invest. 1958 Sep;37(9):1257–1268. doi: 10.1172/JCI103713. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Donaldson R. M., Jr, Barreras R. F. Intestinal absorption of trace quantities of chromium. J Lab Clin Med. 1966 Sep;68(3):484–493. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. EBAUGH F. G., Jr, EMERSON C. P., ROSS J. F. The use of radioactive chromium 51 as an erythrocyte tagging agent for the determination or red cell survival in vivo. J Clin Invest. 1953 Dec;32(12):1260–1276. doi: 10.1172/JCI102855. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. GRAY S. J., STERLING K. Determination of circulating red cell volume by radioactive chromium. Science. 1950 Aug 11;112(2902):179–180. doi: 10.1126/science.112.2902.179. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. GRAY S. J., STERLING K. The tagging of red cells and plasma proteins with radioactive chromium. J Clin Invest. 1950 Dec;29(12):1604–1613. doi: 10.1172/JCI102403. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Goldman I. D., Lichtenstein N. S., Oliverio V. T. Carrier-mediated transport of the folic acid analogue, methotrexate, in the L1210 leukemia cell. J Biol Chem. 1968 Oct 10;243(19):5007–5017. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. JANDL J. H., GREENBERG M. S., YONEMOTO R. H., CASTLE W. B. Clinical determination of the sites of red cell sequestration in hemolytic anemias. J Clin Invest. 1956 Aug;35(8):842–867. doi: 10.1172/JCI103338. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. KOUTRAS G. A., HATTORI M., SCHNEIDER A. S., EBAUGH F. G., Jr, VALENTINE W. N. STUDIES ON CHROMATED ERYTHROCYTES. EFFECT OF SODIUM CHROMATE ON ERYTHROCYTE GLUTATHIONE REDUCTASE. J Clin Invest. 1964 Feb;43:323–331. doi: 10.1172/JCI104917. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. McCALL M. S., SUTHERLAND D. A., EISENTRAUT A. M., LANZ H. The tagging of leukemic leukocytes with radioactive chromium and measurement of the in vivo cell survival. J Lab Clin Med. 1955 May;45(5):717–724. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Mertz W. Chromium occurrence and function in biological systems. Physiol Rev. 1969 Apr;49(2):163–239. doi: 10.1152/physrev.1969.49.2.163. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. PEARSON H. A. THE BINDING OF CR51 TO HEMOGLOBIN. I. IN VITRO STUDIES. Blood. 1963 Aug;22:218–230. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. PRINS H. K. The binding of Cr-51 by human erythrocytes. Vox Sang. 1962;7:370–372. doi: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.1962.tb03265.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. RAJAM P. C., JACKSON A. L., BLACK S. H. The intracellular labeling of Ehrlich mouse ascites tumor cells with radiochromate. J Lab Clin Med. 1958 May;51(5):767–772. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. RAJAM P. C., JACKSON A. L. Distribution and valence state of radiochromium in intracellularly labeled Ehrlich mouse ascites carcinoma cells. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1958 Oct;99(1):210–213. doi: 10.3181/00379727-99-24298. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Ronai P. M. The elution of 51Cr from labelled leukocytes--a new theory. Blood. 1969 Mar;33(3):408–413. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Clinical Investigation are provided here courtesy of American Society for Clinical Investigation

RESOURCES