Skip to main content
PMC home page
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1983 Jan 25;11(2):305–319. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.2.305

Discrete regions of sequence homology between cloned rodent VL30 genetic elements and AKV-related MuLV provirus genomes.

C P Giri, C P Hodgson, P K Elder, M G Courtney, M J Getz
PMCID: PMC325716  PMID: 6298720

Abstract

Southern blot analyses using reduced stringency hybridization conditions have been employed to search for sequence homologies between rodent VL30 genes and murine leukemia virus (MuLV) proviruses. These constitute two classes of transposon-like elements previously believed to be genetically unrelated. Our results demonstrate that cloned representatives of both ecotropic and xenotropic-like proviruses share discrete regions of sequence homology with VL30 genes of both rat and mouse origin. These regions of homology exist in both 3' and 5' halves of the MuLV genome but do not include extensive portions of the long terminal repeat (LTR) or a 0.4 Kbp segment of the env gene specific for recently acquired ecotropic-type MuLV proviruses. DNA sequencing, however, revealed that the short inverted terminal repeat sequence of MuLV proviral LTRs is almost perfectly conserved at the terminus of an integrated mouse VL30 gene. These results suggest that recombination events with rodent VL30-type sequences occurred during early MuLV evolution. The strong conservation of the inverted terminal repeat sequence may reflect a common integration mechanism for VL30 elements and MuLV proviruses.

Full text

PDF
306

Images in this article

308Image
on p.308
309Image
on p.309
312Image
on p.312
314Image
on p.314

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Callahan R., Kuff E. L., Lueders K. K., Birkenmeier E. Genetic relationship between the Mus cervicolor M432 retrovirus and the Mus Musculus intracisternal type A particle. J Virol. 1981 Dec;40(3):901–911. doi: 10.1128/jvi.40.3.901-911.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Chattopadhyay S. K., Cloyd M. W., Linemeyer D. L., Lander M. R., Rands E., Lowy D. R. Cellular origin and role of mink cell focus-forming viruses in murine thymic lymphomas. Nature. 1982 Jan 7;295(5844):25–31. doi: 10.1038/295025a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Chattopadhyay S. K., Lander M. R., Rands E., Lowy D. R. Structure of endogenous murine leukemia virus DNA in mouse genomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Oct;77(10):5774–5778. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.10.5774. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chattopadhyay S. K., Lowy D. R., Teich N. M., Levine A. S., Rowe W. P. Qualitative and quantitative studies of AKR-type murine leukemia virus sequences in mouse DNA. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1975;39(Pt 2):1085–1101. doi: 10.1101/sqb.1974.039.01.124. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Courtney M. G., Schmidt L. J., Getz M. J. Organization and expression of endogenous virus-like (VL30) DNA sequences in nontransformed and chemically transformed mouse embryo cells in culture. Cancer Res. 1982 Feb;42(2):569–576. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Dhar R., McClements W. L., Enquist L. W., Vande Woude G. F. Nucleotide sequences of integrated Moloney sarcoma provirus long terminal repeats and their host and viral junctions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jul;77(7):3937–3941. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.7.3937. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Dolberg D. S., Bacheler L. T., Fan H. Endogenous type C retroviral sequences of mice are organized in a small number of virus-like classes and have been acquired recently. J Virol. 1981 Oct;40(1):96–106. doi: 10.1128/jvi.40.1.96-106.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Ellis R. W., DeFeo D., Maryak J. M., Young H. A., Shih T. Y., Chang E. H., Lowy D. R., Scolnick E. M. Dual evolutionary origin for the rat genetic sequences of Harvey murine sarcoma virus. J Virol. 1980 Nov;36(2):408–420. doi: 10.1128/jvi.36.2.408-420.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. HARVEY J. J. AN UNIDENTIFIED VIRUS WHICH CAUSES THE RAPID PRODUCTION OF TUMOURS IN MICE. Nature. 1964 Dec 12;204:1104–1105. doi: 10.1038/2041104b0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Howk R. S., Troxler D. H., Lowy D., Duesberg P. H., Scolnick E. M. Identification of a 30S RNA with properties of a defective type C virus in murine cells. J Virol. 1978 Jan;25(1):115–123. doi: 10.1128/jvi.25.1.115-123.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Jeffreys A. J., Flavell R. A. A physical map of the DNA regions flanking the rabbit beta-globin gene. Cell. 1977 Oct;12(2):429–439. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90119-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Kafatos F. C., Jones C. W., Efstratiadis A. Determination of nucleic acid sequence homologies and relative concentrations by a dot hybridization procedure. Nucleic Acids Res. 1979 Nov 24;7(6):1541–1552. doi: 10.1093/nar/7.6.1541. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Keshet E., Itin A. Patterns of genomic distribution and sequence heterogeneity of a murine "retrovirus-like" multigene family. J Virol. 1982 Jul;43(1):50–58. doi: 10.1128/jvi.43.1.50-58.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Keshet E., Shaul Y., Kaminchik J., Aviv H. Heterogeneity of "virus-like" genes encoding retrovirus-associated 30S RNA and their organization within the mouse genome. Cell. 1980 Jun;20(2):431–439. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90629-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Keshet E., Shaul Y. Terminal direct repeats in a retrovirus-like repeated mouse gene family. Nature. 1981 Jan 1;289(5793):83–85. doi: 10.1038/289083a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Kuff E. L., Smith L. A., Lueders K. K. Intracisternal A-particle genes in Mus musculus: a conserved family of retrovirus-like elements. Mol Cell Biol. 1981 Mar;1(3):216–227. doi: 10.1128/mcb.1.3.216. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Laird C. D., McConaughy B. L., McCarthy B. J. Rate of fixation of nucleotide substitutions in evolution. Nature. 1969 Oct 11;224(5215):149–154. doi: 10.1038/224149a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Lenz J., Crowther R., Straceski A., Haseltine W. Nucleotide sequence of the Akv env gene. J Virol. 1982 May;42(2):519–529. doi: 10.1128/jvi.42.2.519-529.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):499–560. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65059-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Rigby P. W., Dieckmann M., Rhodes C., Berg P. Labeling deoxyribonucleic acid to high specific activity in vitro by nick translation with DNA polymerase I. J Mol Biol. 1977 Jun 15;113(1):237–251. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(77)90052-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Rosbash M., Campo M. S., Gummerson K. S. Conservation of cytoplasmic poly (A)-containing RNA in mouse and rat. Nature. 1975 Dec 25;258(5537):682–686. doi: 10.1038/258682a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Scolnick E. M., Vass W. C., Howk R. S., Duesberg P. H. Defective retrovirus-like 30S RNA species of rat and mouse cells are infectious if packaged by type C helper virus. J Virol. 1979 Mar;29(3):964–972. doi: 10.1128/jvi.29.3.964-972.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Shapiro J. A. Molecular model for the transposition and replication of bacteriophage Mu and other transposable elements. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Apr;76(4):1933–1937. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.4.1933. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Sherwin S. A., Rapp U. R., Benveniste R. E., Sen A., Todaro G. J. Rescue of endogenous 30S retroviral sequences from mouse cells by baboon type C virus. J Virol. 1978 May;26(2):257–264. doi: 10.1128/jvi.26.2.257-264.1978. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Shih T. Y., Weeks M. O., Young H. A., Scholnick E. M. Identification of a sarcoma virus-coded phosphoprotein in nonproducer cells transformed by Kirsten or Harvey murine sarcoma virus. Virology. 1979 Jul 15;96(1):64–79. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(79)90173-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Shih T. Y., Weeks M. O., Young H. A., Scolnick E. M. p21 of Kirsten murine sarcoma virus is thermolabile in a viral mutant temperature sensitive for the maintenance of transformation. J Virol. 1979 Aug;31(2):546–546. doi: 10.1128/jvi.31.2.546-546.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Shoemaker C., Goff S., Gilboa E., Paskind M., Mitra S. W., Baltimore D. Structure of a cloned circular Moloney murine leukemia virus DNA molecule containing an inverted segment: implications for retrovirus integration. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jul;77(7):3932–3936. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.7.3932. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Steffen D. L., Bird S., Weinberg R. A. Evidence for the Asiatic origin of endogenous AKR-type murine leukemia proviruses. J Virol. 1980 Sep;35(3):824–835. doi: 10.1128/jvi.35.3.824-835.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Steffen D. L., Mural R., Cowing D., Mielcarz J., Young J., Roblin R. Most of the murine leukemia virus sequences in the DNA of NIH/swiss mice consist of two closely related proviruses, each repeated several times. J Virol. 1982 Jul;43(1):127–135. doi: 10.1128/jvi.43.1.127-135.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Sutcliffe J. G., Shinnick T. M., Verma I. M., Lerner R. A. Nucleotide sequence of Moloney leukemia virus: 3' end reveals details of replications, analogy to bacterial transposons, and an unexpected gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jun;77(6):3302–3306. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.6.3302. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Van Beveren C., Goddard J. G., Berns A., Verma I. M. Structure of Moloney murine leukemia viral DNA: nucleotide sequence of the 5' long terminal repeat and adjacent cellular sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jun;77(6):3307–3311. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.6.3307. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Van Beveren C., Rands E., Chattopadhyay S. K., Lowy D. R., Verma I. M. Long terminal repeat of murine retroviral DNAs: sequence analysis, host-proviral junctions, and preintegration site. J Virol. 1982 Feb;41(2):542–556. doi: 10.1128/jvi.41.2.542-556.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Varmus H. E. Form and function of retroviral proviruses. Science. 1982 May 21;216(4548):812–820. doi: 10.1126/science.6177038. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Wahl G. M., Stern M., Stark G. R. Efficient transfer of large DNA fragments from agarose gels to diazobenzyloxymethyl-paper and rapid hybridization by using dextran sulfate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Aug;76(8):3683–3687. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.8.3683. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES