Skip to main content
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1979 Aug 10;6(11):3661–3672. doi: 10.1093/nar/6.11.3661

Heterogeneity of biologically active deadenylated protamine mRNA components isolated from rainbow trout testes.

L Gedamu, G H Dixon
PMCID: PMC327964  PMID: 493117

Abstract

Poly(A)+ protamine mRNA's were isolated from rainbow trout testes and deadenylated by treatment with calf thymus RNase H. Four subcomponents of deadenylated PmRNA (PmRNA1-4) were purified by electrophoresis on a 6% polyacrylamide gel in 8 M urea. Translation of each PmRNA subcomponent in the wheat germ S-30 cell-free system showed that all subcomponents are biologically active but each codes for two or more protamine polypeptides suggesting molecular heterogeneity. However, the deadenylated mRNA's can be categorized into two groups based on the spectrum of protamines whose synthesis they stimulate.

Full text

PDF
3671

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Both G. W., Banerjee A. K., Shatkin A. J. Methylation-dependent translation of viral messenger RNAs in vitro. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1975 Mar;72(3):1189–1193. doi: 10.1073/pnas.72.3.1189. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Canaani D., Revel M., Groner Y. Translational discrimination of 'capped' and 'non-capped' mRNAS: inhibition of a series of chemical analogs of m7GpppX. FEBS Lett. 1976 May 1;64(2):326–331. doi: 10.1016/0014-5793(76)80321-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Davies P. L., Dixon G. H., Ferrier L. N., Gedamu L., Iatrou K. The structure and function of protamine mRNA from developing trout testis. Prog Nucleic Acid Res Mol Biol. 1976;19:135–155. doi: 10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60915-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Davies P. L., Ferrier L. N., Dixon G. H. Sequence analysis of protamine mRNA from the rainbow trout. Depurination and nearest neighbor analysis of protamine cDNA. J Biol Chem. 1977 Feb 25;252(4):1386–1393. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Ferrier L. N., Davies P. L., Dixon G. H. Protamine messenger RNA from rainbow trout testis contains the nucleotide sequence A-A-U-A-A-A in an untranslated region. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1977 Dec 14;479(4):460–470. doi: 10.1016/0005-2787(77)90039-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Gedamu L., Dixon G. H. Assay of protamine messenger RNA from rainbow trout testis. J Biol Chem. 1976 Mar 10;251(5):1446–1454. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gedamu L., Dixon G. H., Davies P. L. Identification and isolation of protamine messenger ribonucleoprotein particles from rainbow trout testis. Biochemistry. 1977 Apr 5;16(7):1383–1391. doi: 10.1021/bi00626a023. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Gedamu L., Dixon G. H. Effect of enzymatic "decapping" on protamine mRNA translation in wheat germ S-30. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1978 Nov 14;85(1):114–124. doi: 10.1016/s0006-291x(78)80018-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Gedamu L., Dixon G. H., Gurdon J. B. Studies of the injection of poly(A)+ protamine mRNA into Xenopus laevis oocytes. Exp Cell Res. 1978 Dec;117(2):325–334. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(78)90146-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Gedamu L., Dixon G. H. Purification and properties of biologically active rainbow trout testis protamine mRNA. J Biol Chem. 1976 Mar 10;251(5):1455–1463. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Gedamu L., Dixon G. H. Translation of protamine mRNA in a rabbit reticulocyte cell-free system. Can J Biochem. 1977 Feb;55(2):152–158. doi: 10.1139/o77-024. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Gedamu L., Iatrou K., Dixon G. H. A simple procedure for the isolation and purification of protamine messenger ribonucleic acid from trout testis. Biochem J. 1978 Jun 1;171(3):589–599. doi: 10.1042/bj1710589. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Gedamu L., Iatrou K., Dixon G. H. Isolation and characterization of trout testis protamine mRNAs lacking poly (A). Cell. 1977 Mar;10(3):443–451. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90031-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Iatrou K., Dixon G. H. The distribution of poly(A)+ and poly(A)- protamine messenger RNA sequences in the developing trout testis. Cell. 1977 Mar;10(3):433–441. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90030-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Lee Y. F., Nomoto A., Detjen B. M., Wimmer E. A protein covalently linked to poliovirus genome RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Jan;74(1):59–63. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.1.59. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Levy W. B., Dixon G. H. Reiteration frequency of the protamine genes in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdnerii). J Biol Chem. 1977 Nov 25;252(22):8062–8065. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Louie A. J., Dixon G. H. Trout testis cells. II. Synthesis and phosphorylation of histones and protamines in different cell types. J Biol Chem. 1972 Sep 10;247(17):5498–5505. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Moss B. Utilization of the guanylyltransferase and methyltransferases of vaccinia virus to modify and identify the 5'-terminals of heterologous RNA species. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1977 Jan 24;74(2):374–383. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(77)90314-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Muthukrishnan S., Both G. W., Furuichi Y., Shatkin A. J. 5'-Terminal 7-methylguanosine in eukaryotic mRNA is required for translation. Nature. 1975 May 1;255(5503):33–37. doi: 10.1038/255033a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Revel M., Groner Y. Post-transcriptional and translational controls of gene expression in eukaryotes. Annu Rev Biochem. 1978;47:1079–1126. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.47.070178.005243. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Sakai M., Fujii-Kuriyama Y., Muramatsu M. Number and frequency of protamine genes in rainbow trout testis. Biochemistry. 1978 Dec 12;17(25):5510–5515. doi: 10.1021/bi00618a028. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Shatkin A. J. Capping of eucaryotic mRNAs. Cell. 1976 Dec;9(4 Pt 2):645–653. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(76)90128-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES