Skip to main content
Nucleic Acids Research logoLink to Nucleic Acids Research
. 1985 Jan 11;13(1):239–249. doi: 10.1093/nar/13.1.239

Primary structure of the soybean nodulin-23 gene and potential regulatory elements in the 5'-flanking regions of nodulin and leghemoglobin genes.

V P Mauro, T Nguyen, P Katinakis, D P Verma
PMCID: PMC340987  PMID: 3839073

Abstract

The nodulin-23 gene of soybean is one of the most abundantly transcribed genes induced during symbiosis with Rhizobium. Using a plasmid (pNod25) from a nodule cDNA library, we have isolated the nodulin-23 gene from a soybean genomic library. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the cDNA and of the genomic clone indicated that the coding region of this gene is 669 bp long and is interrupted by a single intron of about 530 bp. The deduced protein sequence suggests that nodulin-23 may have a signal sequence. The 5'-flanking sequence of two other nodulin genes, nodulin-24 encoding for a membrane polypeptide and one of the leghemoglobin genes (LbC3), were obtained. Comparison of these sequences revealed three conserved regions, one of which, an octanucleotide (GTTTCCCT), has 100% homology. The conserved sequences are arranged in a unique fashion and have a spatial organization with respect to order and position, which may suggest a potential regulatory role in controlling the expression of nodulin and leghemoglobin genes during symbiosis.

Full text

PDF
239

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Barta A., Richards R. I., Baxter J. D., Shine J. Primary structure and evolution of rat growth hormone gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Aug;78(8):4867–4871. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.8.4867. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Baulcombe D., Verma D. P. Preparation of a complementary DNA for leghaemoglobin and direct demonstration that leghaemoglobin is encoded by the soybean genome. Nucleic Acids Res. 1978 Nov;5(11):4141–4155. doi: 10.1093/nar/5.11.4141. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bergmann H., Preddie E., Verma D. P. Nodulin-35: a subunit of specific uricase (uricase II) induced and localized in the uninfected cells of soybean nodules. EMBO J. 1983;2(12):2333–2339. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1983.tb01743.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Beringer J. E., Brewin N., Johnston A. W., Schulman H. M., Hopwood D. A. The Rhizobium--legume symbiosis. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1979 Apr 11;204(1155):219–233. doi: 10.1098/rspb.1979.0024. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Better M., Lewis B., Corbin D., Ditta G., Helinski D. R. Structural relationships among Rhizobium meliloti symbiotic promoters. Cell. 1983 Dec;35(2 Pt 1):479–485. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90181-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Bisseling T., Been C., Klugkist J., Kammen A., Nadler K. Nodule-specific host proteins in effective and ineffective root nodules of Pisum sativum. EMBO J. 1983;2(6):961–966. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1983.tb01528.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Breathnach R., Benoist C., O'Hare K., Gannon F., Chambon P. Ovalbumin gene: evidence for a leader sequence in mRNA and DNA sequences at the exon-intron boundaries. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Oct;75(10):4853–4857. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.10.4853. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Brisson N., Verma D. P. Soybean leghemoglobin gene family: normal, pseudo, and truncated genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Jul;79(13):4055–4059. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.13.4055. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Britten R. J., Davidson E. H. Gene regulation for higher cells: a theory. Science. 1969 Jul 25;165(3891):349–357. doi: 10.1126/science.165.3891.349. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Cochet M., Chang A. C., Cohen S. N. Characterization of the structural gene and putative 5'-regulatory sequences for human proopiomelanocortin. Nature. 1982 May 27;297(5864):335–339. doi: 10.1038/297335a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Davidson E. H., Jacobs H. T., Britten R. J. Very short repeats and coordinate induction of genes. Nature. 1983 Feb 10;301(5900):468–470. doi: 10.1038/301468a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Donahue T. F., Daves R. S., Lucchini G., Fink G. R. A short nucleotide sequence required for regulation of HIS4 by the general control system of yeast. Cell. 1983 Jan;32(1):89–98. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90499-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Donehower L. A., Huang A. L., Hager G. L. Regulatory and coding potential of the mouse mammary tumor virus long terminal redundancy. J Virol. 1981 Jan;37(1):226–238. doi: 10.1128/jvi.37.1.226-238.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Dykes G., Bambara R., Marians K., Wu R. On the statistical significance of primary structural features found in DNA-protein interaction sites. Nucleic Acids Res. 1975 Mar;2(3):327–345. doi: 10.1093/nar/2.3.327. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Fischer R. L., Goldberg R. B. Structure and flanking regions of soybean seed protein genes. Cell. 1982 Jun;29(2):651–660. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90181-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Fowlkes D. M., Mullis N. T., Comeau C. M., Crabtree G. R. Potential basis for regulation of the coordinately expressed fibrinogen genes: homology in the 5' flanking regions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Apr;81(8):2313–2316. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.8.2313. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Fuller F., Künstner P. W., Nguyen T., Verma D. P. Soybean nodulin genes: Analysis of cDNA clones reveals several major tissue-specific sequences in nitrogen-fixing root nodules. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 May;80(9):2594–2598. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.9.2594. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Grez M., Land H., Giesecke K., Schütz G., Jung A., Sippel A. E. Multiple mRNAs are generated from the chicken lysozyme gene. Cell. 1981 Sep;25(3):743–752. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90182-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Izant J. G., Weintraub H. Inhibition of thymidine kinase gene expression by anti-sense RNA: a molecular approach to genetic analysis. Cell. 1984 Apr;36(4):1007–1015. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90050-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Jones C. W., Kafatos F. C. Structure, organization and evolution of developmentally regulated chorion genes in a silkmoth. Cell. 1980 Dec;22(3):855–867. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90562-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Kyte J., Doolittle R. F. A simple method for displaying the hydropathic character of a protein. J Mol Biol. 1982 May 5;157(1):105–132. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(82)90515-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Lee J. S., Brown G. G., Verma D. P. Chromosomal arrangement of leghemoglobin genes in soybean. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Aug 25;11(16):5541–5553. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.16.5541. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Legocki R. P., Verma D. P. A nodule-specific plant protein (nodulin-35) from soybean. Science. 1979 Jul 13;205(4402):190–193. doi: 10.1126/science.205.4402.190. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Legocki R. P., Verma D. P. Identification of "nodule-specific" host proteins (nodoulins) involved in the development of rhizobium-legume symbiosis. Cell. 1980 May;20(1):153–163. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90243-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Marx J. L. New ways to "mutate" genes. Science. 1984 Aug 24;225(4664):819–819. doi: 10.1126/science.6474154. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):499–560. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65059-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Moschonas N., de Boer E., Flavell R. A. The DNA sequence of the 5' flanking region of the human beta-globin gene: evolutionary conservation and polymorphic differences. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Mar 25;10(6):2109–2120. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.6.2109. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Parslow T. G., Blair D. L., Murphy W. J., Granner D. K. Structure of the 5' ends of immunoglobulin genes: a novel conserved sequence. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 May;81(9):2650–2654. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.9.2650. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Pelham H. R. A regulatory upstream promoter element in the Drosophila hsp 70 heat-shock gene. Cell. 1982 Sep;30(2):517–528. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90249-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Sanger F., Nicklen S., Coulson A. R. DNA sequencing with chain-terminating inhibitors. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Dec;74(12):5463–5467. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.12.5463. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Watson M. E. Compilation of published signal sequences. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Jul 11;12(13):5145–5164. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.13.5145. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Woo S. L. A sensitive and rapid method for recombinant phage screening. Methods Enzymol. 1979;68:389–395. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(79)68028-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Wu C. Activating protein factor binds in vitro to upstream control sequences in heat shock gene chromatin. Nature. 1984 Sep 6;311(5981):81–84. doi: 10.1038/311081a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Nucleic Acids Research are provided here courtesy of Oxford University Press

RESOURCES