Skip to main content
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1984 Jan;81(2):508–511. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.2.508

Localization of the structural gene for human apolipoprotein A-I on the long arm of human chromosome 11.

P Cheung, F T Kao, M L Law, C Jones, T T Puck, L Chan
PMCID: PMC344707  PMID: 6420790

Abstract

Apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I), the major apolipoprotein in human high density lipoproteins, is involved in the disease atherosclerosis. Cloned apo A-I cDNA (pA1-3) was used as a probe in chromosome mapping studies to detect the human apo A-I structural gene sequence in human-Chinese hamster cell hybrids. Southern blot analysis of 13 hybrids localized the gene to human chromosome 11. Confirmation of the chromosomal assignment was obtained by analysis of a hybrid (J1) containing a single human chromosome, no. 11. Regional mapping was achieved by using deletion subclones of J1 that localized the human apo A-I structural gene to the region 11q13 leads to qter. Since the human apolipoprotein C-III (apo C-III) structural gene is closely linked to apo A-I, it can be assigned to the same region on the long arm of chromosome 11. By extension of methods previously described, it now appears possible to carry out fine-structure analysis of this and related gene regions on chromosome 11 and to study the biochemical concomitants of these genes and of genes on other chromosomes for analysis of their role in atherosclerosis.

Full text

PDF
508

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. BARR D. P., RUSS E. M., EDER H. A. Protein-lipid relationships in human plasma. II. In atherosclerosis and related conditions. Am J Med. 1951 Oct;11(4):480–493. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(51)90183-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bates S. R., Rothblat G. H. Regulation of cellular sterol flux and synthesis by human serum lipoproteins. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1974 Jul 26;360(1):38–55. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(74)90178-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bobrow M., Madan K., Pearson P. L. Staining of some specific regions of human chromosomes, particularly the secondary constriction of No. 9. Nat New Biol. 1972 Jul 26;238(82):122–124. doi: 10.1038/newbio238122a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Breslow J. L., Ross D., McPherson J., Williams H., Kurnit D., Nussbaum A. L., Karathanasis S. K., Zannis V. I. Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones for human apolipoprotein A-I. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Nov;79(22):6861–6865. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.22.6861. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Brewer H. B., Jr, Fairwell T., LaRue A., Ronan R., Houser A., Bronzert T. J. The amino acid sequence of human APOA-I, an apolipoprotein isolated from high density lipoproteins. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1978 Feb 14;80(3):623–630. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(78)91614-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Chan L., Dugaiczyk A., Means A. R. Molecular cloning of the gene sequences of a major apoprotein in avian very low density lipoproteins. Biochemistry. 1980 Nov 25;19(24):5631–5637. doi: 10.1021/bi00565a027. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Cheung P., Chan L. Nucleotide sequence of cloned cDNA of human apolipoprotein A-I. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Jun 11;11(11):3703–3715. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.11.3703. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Denhardt D. T. A membrane-filter technique for the detection of complementary DNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1966 Jun 13;23(5):641–646. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(66)90447-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Fielding C. J., Shore V. G., Fielding P. E. A protein cofactor of lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1972 Feb 25;46(4):1493–1498. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(72)90776-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Fielding C. J., Shore V. G., Fielding P. E. Lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase: effects of substrate composition upon enzyme activity. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1972 Aug 11;270(4):513–518. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(72)90116-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Gabrielson E. G., Scoggin C., Puck T. T. Phosphorylation changes induced by cAMP derivatives in the CHO cell and selected mutants. Exp Cell Res. 1982 Nov;142(1):63–68. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(82)90409-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Glickman R. M., Green P. H. The intestine as a source of apolipoprotein A1. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Jun;74(6):2569–2573. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.6.2569. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Glomset J. A., Norum K. R. The metabolic role of lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase: perspectives form pathology. Adv Lipid Res. 1973;11:1–65. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Gofman J. W., Young W., Tandy R. Ischemic heart disease, atherosclerosis, and longevity. Circulation. 1966 Oct;34(4):679–697. doi: 10.1161/01.cir.34.4.679. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Gordon J. I., Smith D. P., Andy R., Alpers D. H., Schonfeld G., Strauss A. W. The primary translation product of rat intestinal apolipoprotein A-I mRNA is an unusual preproprotein. J Biol Chem. 1982 Jan 25;257(2):971–978. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Gordon T., Castelli W. P., Hjortland M. C., Kannel W. B., Dawber T. R. High density lipoprotein as a protective factor against coronary heart disease. The Framingham Study. Am J Med. 1977 May;62(5):707–714. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(77)90874-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Gusella J. F., Jones C., Kao F. T., Housman D., Puck T. T. Genetic fine-structure mapping in human chromosome 11 by use of repetitive DNA sequences. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Dec;79(24):7804–7808. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.24.7804. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Gusella J., Varsanyi-Breiner A., Kao F. T., Jones C., Puck T. T., Keys C., Orkin S., Housman D. Precise localization of human beta-globin gene complex on chromosome 11. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Oct;76(10):5239–5242. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.10.5239. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Jackson R. L., Gotto A. M., Stein O., Stein Y. A comparative study on the removal of cellular lipids from Landschütz ascites cells by human plasma apolipoproteins. J Biol Chem. 1975 Sep 25;250(18):7204–7209. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Jones C., Kao F. T. Regional mapping of the gene for human lysosomal acid phosphatase (ACP2) using a hybrid clone panel containing segments of human chromosome 11. Hum Genet. 1978 Nov 24;45(1):1–10. doi: 10.1007/BF00277567. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Kao F. T., Hartz J. A., Law M. L., Davidson J. N. Isolation and chromosomal localization of unique DNA sequences from a human genomic library. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Feb;79(3):865–869. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.3.865. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Kao F. T., Hawkins J. W., Law M. L., Dugaiczyk A. Assignment of the structural gene coding for albumin to human chromosome 4. Hum Genet. 1982;62(4):337–341. doi: 10.1007/BF00304551. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Kao F. T. Identification of chick chromosomes in cell hybrids formed between chick erythrocytes and adenine-requiring mutants of Chinese hamster cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1973 Oct;70(10):2893–2898. doi: 10.1073/pnas.70.10.2893. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Kao F. T., Jones C., Puck T. T. Genetics of cell-surface antigens: regional mapping of three components of the human cell-surface antigen complex, AL, on chromosome 11. Somatic Cell Genet. 1977 Jul;3(4):421–429. doi: 10.1007/BF01542970. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Kao F. T., Jones C., Puck T. T. Genetics of somatic mammalian cells: genetic, immunologic, and biochemical analysis with Chinese hamster cell hybrids containing selected human chromosomes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1976 Jan;73(1):193–197. doi: 10.1073/pnas.73.1.193. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Karathanasis S. K., McPherson J., Zannis V. I., Breslow J. L. Linkage of human apolipoproteins A-I and C-III genes. 1983 Jul 28-Aug 3Nature. 304(5924):371–373. doi: 10.1038/304371a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Lai E. C., Kao F. T., Law M. L., Woo S. L. Assignment of the alpha 1-antitrypsin gene and a sequence-related gene to human chromosome 14 by molecular hybridization. Am J Hum Genet. 1983 May;35(3):385–392. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Lin-Su M. H., Lin-Lee Y. C., Bradley W. A., Chan L. Characterization, cell-free synthesis, and processing of apolipoprotein A-I of rat high-density lipoproteins. Biochemistry. 1981 Apr 28;20(9):2470–2475. doi: 10.1021/bi00512a017. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Lusis A. J., Taylor B. A., Wangenstein R. W., LeBoeuf R. C. Genetic control of lipid transport in mice. II. Genes controlling structure of high density lipoproteins. J Biol Chem. 1983 Apr 25;258(8):5071–5078. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Miller K. L. Post delivery care of the edentulous geriatric patient. Bull Phila Cty Dent Soc. 1975 Summer;40(8):16–19. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Miller N. E., Nestel P. J., Clifton-Bligh P. Relationships between plasma lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations and the pool size and metabolism of cholesterol in man. Atherosclerosis. 1976 May-Jun;23(3):535–547. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(76)90013-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Schonberg S., Patterson D., Puck T. T. Resistance of Chinese hamster ovary cell chromatin to endonuclease digestion. I. Reversal by cAMP. Exp Cell Res. 1983 Apr 15;145(1):57–62. doi: 10.1016/s0014-4827(83)80007-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Shoulders C. C., Baralle F. E. Isolation of the human HDL apoprotein A1 gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Aug 25;10(16):4873–4882. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.16.4873. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Shoulders C. C., Kornblihtt A. R., Munro B. S., Baralle F. E. Gene structure of human apolipoprotein A1. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 May 11;11(9):2827–2837. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.9.2827. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Southern E. M. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503–517. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80083-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Stein O., Stein Y. The removal of cholesterol from Landschütz ascites cells by high-density apolipoprotein. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1973 Nov 29;326(2):232–244. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(73)90249-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Stein O., Vanderhoek J., Stein Y. Cholesterol content and sterol synthesis in human skin fibroblasts and rat aortic smooth muscle cells exposed to lipoprotein-depleted serum and high density apolipoprotein/phospholipid mixtures. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1976 May 27;431(2):347–358. doi: 10.1016/0005-2760(76)90155-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Tanaka Y., Lin-Lee Y. C., Lin-Su M. H., Chan L. Intestinal Biosynthesis of apolipoproteins in the rat: apoE and apoA-I mRNA translation and regulation. Metabolism. 1982 Sep;31(9):861–865. doi: 10.1016/0026-0495(82)90173-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Utermann G., Steinmetz A., Paetzold R., Wilk J., Feussner G., Kaffarnik H., Mueller-Eckhardt C., Seidel D., Vogelberg K. H., Zimmer F. Apolipoprotein AIMarburg: studies on two kindreds with a mutant of human apolipoprotein AI. Hum Genet. 1982;61(4):329–337. doi: 10.1007/BF00276597. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Wang A. L., Arredondo-Vega F. X., Giampietro P. F., Smith M., Anderson W. F., Desnick R. J. Regional gene assignment of human porphobilinogen deaminase and esterase A4 to chromosome 11q23 leads to 11qter. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Sep;78(9):5734–5738. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.9.5734. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Wu A. L., Windmueller H. G. Relative contributions by liver and intestine to individual plasma apolipoproteins in the rat. J Biol Chem. 1979 Aug 10;254(15):7316–7322. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Zannis V. I., Lees A. M., Lees R. S., Breslow J. L. Abnormal apoprotein A-I isoprotein composition in patients with Tangier disease. J Biol Chem. 1982 May 10;257(9):4978–4986. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES