Abstract
Age-and gender-related changes on reduced glutathione (GSH) level, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities in the liver of rat exposed to different dose of whole-body g-ray irradiation were determined. In addition, the effect of administration of exogenous GSH on endogenous GSH levels, GPx and GR activities was investigated. For this aim, male and female rats aged 1 and 5 moths were divided into two groups as g-ray and g-ray+GSH. Both groups were again divided into four groups as irradiated with 2, 4, 6 and 8 Gy doses. GSH level and GPx activity did not change with age while GR activity was decreased with age. Gender-dependent changes in GPx and GR activities were observed, but GSH values were not affect by sex. GSH levels, GPx and GR activities were not observed dose-associated changes of g-irradiation. GSH level and GPx activity in the 8Gy group were increased by GSH. GR activities of old male rats were found to be increased by glutathione in the 6 and 8Gy groups. These results indicate that radiation and administration of exogenous GSH affect gender-and age-dependent GSH level, GPx and GR activities in the rats.
Full Text
The Full Text of this article is available as a PDF (478.1 KB).
References
- 1.Bump E.A., Brown J.M. Role of glutathione in the radiation response of mammelian cells in vitro and in vivo. Pharmac Ther. 1990;47:117–136. doi: 10.1016/0163-7258(90)90048-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 2.Lenton K.J., Greenstock C.L. Ability of human plasma to protect against ionising radiation is inversly correlated with age. Mech Ageing Dev. 1999;107:15–20. doi: 10.1016/S0047-6374(98)00128-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 3.Frooqu1• M.Y.H., Day W.W., Zamorano D.M. Glutathione and lipid peroxidation in the aging rat. Comp. Biocem Physiol. 1987;88B(1):177–180. doi: 10.1016/0305-0491(87)90097-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 4.Harman D. The aging process. Proc. Natn Acad Sci USA. 1981;78:7124–7128. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.11.7124. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 5.Stohs S.J., El-Rashidy F.H., Kobayashi R.H., Wulf B.G., Potter J.F. Changes in glutathione and glutathione methabolizing enzymes in human erythrocytes and lymphocytes as a fonction of age of donor. Age. 1984;7:3–7. doi: 10.1007/BF02431888. [DOI] [Google Scholar]
- 6.Sanz N., Diez-Fernandez C., Cascales M. (a) Variations of hepatic antioxidant systems and DNA ploidy in rats aged 2 to 8 months. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1996;1315:123–130. doi: 10.1016/0925-4439(95)00113-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 7.Beutler E., Robson M.J., Buttenwieser E. The glutathione instability of drug-sensititive red cells. J Lab Clin Med. 1957;49:84. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 8.Paglia D.E., Valentine W.N. Studies on the quantitative charactative characterization of erytrocyte glutathione peroxidase. J Lab Clin Med. 1967;70:158–169. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 9.Racker E. GSSG Reductase from backers yeast and beef liver. J Biol Chem. 1955;17:855–860. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 10.Sanz N., Diez-Fernandez C., Alvrez A., Cascales M. (b) Age-dependent modifications in rat hepatocyte antioxidant defanse systems. J Hepatol. 1997;27:525–534. doi: 10.1016/S0168-8278(97)80358-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 11.Fletcher R.H., Fletcher S.W. Glutathione and ageing: ideas and evidence. Lancet. 1994;344:1379–1380. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(94)90562-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 12.Ajit K. Age-associated changes in antioxidants and antioxidative enzymes in rats. Mech. Ageing. Dev. 1991;59:123–128. doi: 10.1016/0047-6374(91)90078-E. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 13.Lio J., Mori A. Age-associated changes in superoxide dismutase activity, thiobarbituric acid reactivity and reduced glutathione level in brain and liver in senescence accelerated mice (SAM): acomparison with ddY mice. Mech Ageing Dev. 1993;71:23–30. doi: 10.1016/0047-6374(93)90032-M. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 14.Noy N., Schwartz H., Gafni A. Age-associated changes in the redox status of rat muscle cells and their role in enzyme-aging. Mech Ageing Dev. 1985;29:63–69. doi: 10.1016/0047-6374(85)90047-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 15.Sohal R.S., Allen R.G. Oxidative stress as a causal factor in differentiation and aging: A unifying hypothesis. Exp Gerontol. 1990;25:499–522. doi: 10.1016/0531-5565(90)90017-V. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 16.Rikans L.E., Moore R., Snowden C.D. Sex-dependent differences in effects of aging on antioxidant defense mechanisms of rat liver. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1991;1074:195–200. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(91)90061-k. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 17.Erden Inal M., Kahraman A. The protective effect of flavonol quercetin against ultraviolet a induced oxidative stress in rats. Toxicology. 2000;154:21–29. doi: 10.1016/S0300-483X(00)00268-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 18.Rao G., Xia E., Richardson A. Effect of age on the expression of antioxidant enzymes in male ficher F344 rats. Mech Ageing Dev. 1990;53:49–60. doi: 10.1016/0047-6374(90)90033-C. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 19.Kojima S., Matsuki O., Kinoshita I., Gonzalez T.V., Shimura N., Kubodera A. Does small-dose g-ray radiation induced endogenous antioxidant potential in vivo? Biol Pharm Bull. 1997;20(6):601–604. doi: 10.1248/bpb.20.601. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- 20.Korganou J.F., Thiriot C., Braquet M., Ducousso R., Rocquet G. Influence of whole-body g-irradiation upon rat erythrocyte:lipid peroxidation and osmotic frigality. Bichimie. 1986;68:311–318. doi: 10.1016/s0300-9084(86)80028-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]