Skip to main content
PMC home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1982 Aug;79(16):5031–5032. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.16.5031

Fourteen nucleotides in the second complementarity-determining region of a human heavy-chain variable region gene are identical with a sequence in a human D minigene.

T T Wu, E A Kabat
PMCID: PMC346820  PMID: 6812060

Abstract

A sequence of 14 nucleotides in one human diversity (D) minigene (D2) is identical with a sequence in complementarity-determining region 2 (CDR2) of one human gene for the variable region of the heavy chain of immunoglobulin. The finding that nucleotide segments present in a D minigene can appear in CDR2 raises the possibility that other minigene segments may be involved in the generation of antibody diversity and complementarity or that nucleotide segments may move from one CDR to another by a gene conversion mechanism.

Full text

PDF
5031

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Baltimore D. Gene conversion: some implications for immunoglobulin genes. Cell. 1981 Jun;24(3):592–594. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90082-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bernard O., Gough N. M. Nucleotide sequence of immunoglobulin heavy chain joining segments between translocated VH and mu constant regions genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jun;77(6):3630–3634. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.6.3630. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bothwell A. L., Paskind M., Reth M., Imanishi-Kari T., Rajewsky K., Baltimore D. Heavy chain variable region contribution to the NPb family of antibodies: somatic mutation evident in a gamma 2a variable region. Cell. 1981 Jun;24(3):625–637. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90089-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Crews S., Griffin J., Huang H., Calame K., Hood L. A single VH gene segment encodes the immune response to phosphorylcholine: somatic mutation is correlated with the class of the antibody. Cell. 1981 Jul;25(1):59–66. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(81)90231-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Early P., Huang H., Davis M., Calame K., Hood L. An immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region gene is generated from three segments of DNA: VH, D and JH. Cell. 1980 Apr;19(4):981–992. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90089-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Egel R. Intergenic conversion and reiterated genes. Nature. 1981 Mar 19;290(5803):191–192. doi: 10.1038/290191a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Givol D., Zakut R., Effron K., Rechavi G., Ram D., Cohen J. B. Diversity of germ-line immunoglobulin VH genes. Nature. 1981 Jul 30;292(5822):426–430. doi: 10.1038/292426a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kabat E. A., Wu T. T., Bilofsky H. Evidence indicating independent assortment of framework and complementarity-determining segments of the variable regions of rabbit light chains. Delineation of a possible J minigene. J Exp Med. 1980 Jul 1;152(1):72–84. doi: 10.1084/jem.152.1.72. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Kabat E. A., Wu T. T., Bilofsky H. Variable region genes for the immunoglobulin framework are assembled from small segments of DNA--a hypothesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 May;75(5):2429–2433. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.5.2429. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Kranz D. M., Voss E. W., Jr Restricted reassociation of heavy and light chains from hapten-specific monoclonal antibodies. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Sep;78(9):5807–5811. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.9.5807. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kurosawa Y., Tonegawa S. Organization, structure, and assembly of immunoglobulin heavy chain diversity DNA segments. J Exp Med. 1982 Jan 1;155(1):201–218. doi: 10.1084/jem.155.1.201. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Margolies M. N., Cannon L. E., Kindt T. J., Fraser B. The structural basis of rabbit VH allotypes: serologic studies on a1 H chains with defined amino acid sequence. J Immunol. 1977 Jul;119(1):287–294. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Matthyssens G., Rabbitts T. H. Structure and multiplicity of genes for the human immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Nov;77(11):6561–6565. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.11.6561. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Sakano H., Kurosawa Y., Weigert M., Tonegawa S. Identification and nucleotide sequence of a diversity DNA segment (D) of immunoglobulin heavy-chain genes. Nature. 1981 Apr 16;290(5807):562–565. doi: 10.1038/290562a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Sakano H., Maki R., Kurosawa Y., Roeder W., Tonegawa S. Two types of somatic recombination are necessary for the generation of complete immunoglobulin heavy-chain genes. Nature. 1980 Aug 14;286(5774):676–683. doi: 10.1038/286676a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Siebenlist U., Ravetch J. V., Korsmeyer S., Waldmann T., Leder P. Human immunoglobulin D segments encoded in tandem multigenic families. Nature. 1981 Dec 17;294(5842):631–635. doi: 10.1038/294631a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Wu T. T., Kabat E. A. An analysis of the sequences of the variable regions of Bence Jones proteins and myeloma light chains and their implications for antibody complementarity. J Exp Med. 1970 Aug 1;132(2):211–250. doi: 10.1084/jem.132.2.211. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Zakut R., Cohen J., Givol D. Cloning and sequence of the cDNA corresponding to the variable region of immunoglobulin heavy chain MPC11. Nucleic Acids Res. 1980 Aug 25;8(16):3591–3601. doi: 10.1093/nar/8.16.3591. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES