Skip to main content
Molecular and Cellular Biology logoLink to Molecular and Cellular Biology
. 1994 Apr;14(4):2404–2410. doi: 10.1128/mcb.14.4.2404

Targeting frequency for deletion vectors in embryonic stem cells.

H Zhang 1, P Hasty 1, A Bradley 1
PMCID: PMC358607  PMID: 8139544

Abstract

We analyzed the gene targeting frequencies and recombination products generated by a series of replacement deletion vectors which target the hprt (hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase) locus in mouse embryonic stem cells. We found that the targeting frequency of a 19.2-kb deletion was comparable to that of a 3-kb deletion or a conventional replacement event in which a 1.7-kb fragment was inserted into the locus. We also observed different integration patterns for these deletion vectors. A result of this finding is that a wide range of genomic deletions in embryonic stem cells is feasible.

Full text

PDF
2405

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bradley A., Evans M., Kaufman M. H., Robertson E. Formation of germ-line chimaeras from embryo-derived teratocarcinoma cell lines. Nature. 1984 May 17;309(5965):255–256. doi: 10.1038/309255a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bradley A., Ramírez-Solis R., Zheng H., Hasty P., Davis A. Genetic manipulation of the mouse via gene targeting in embryonic stem cells. Ciba Found Symp. 1992;165:256–276. doi: 10.1002/9780470514221.ch15. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. DeChiara T. M., Efstratiadis A., Robertson E. J. A growth-deficiency phenotype in heterozygous mice carrying an insulin-like growth factor II gene disrupted by targeting. Nature. 1990 May 3;345(6270):78–80. doi: 10.1038/345078a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Deng C., Capecchi M. R. Reexamination of gene targeting frequency as a function of the extent of homology between the targeting vector and the target locus. Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Aug;12(8):3365–3371. doi: 10.1128/mcb.12.8.3365. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Donehower L. A., Harvey M., Slagle B. L., McArthur M. J., Montgomery C. A., Jr, Butel J. S., Bradley A. Mice deficient for p53 are developmentally normal but susceptible to spontaneous tumours. Nature. 1992 Mar 19;356(6366):215–221. doi: 10.1038/356215a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Hasty P., Rivera-Pérez J., Bradley A. The length of homology required for gene targeting in embryonic stem cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Nov;11(11):5586–5591. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.11.5586. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hasty P., Rivera-Pérez J., Bradley A. The role and fate of DNA ends for homologous recombination in embryonic stem cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Jun;12(6):2464–2474. doi: 10.1128/mcb.12.6.2464. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hasty P., Rivera-Pérez J., Chang C., Bradley A. Target frequency and integration pattern for insertion and replacement vectors in embryonic stem cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Sep;11(9):4509–4517. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.9.4509. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Mansour S. L., Thomas K. R., Capecchi M. R. Disruption of the proto-oncogene int-2 in mouse embryo-derived stem cells: a general strategy for targeting mutations to non-selectable genes. Nature. 1988 Nov 24;336(6197):348–352. doi: 10.1038/336348a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Matzuk M. M., Finegold M. J., Su J. G., Hsueh A. J., Bradley A. Alpha-inhibin is a tumour-suppressor gene with gonadal specificity in mice. Nature. 1992 Nov 26;360(6402):313–319. doi: 10.1038/360313a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. McMahon A. P., Bradley A. The Wnt-1 (int-1) proto-oncogene is required for development of a large region of the mouse brain. Cell. 1990 Sep 21;62(6):1073–1085. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90385-r. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Melton D. W., Konecki D. S., Brennand J., Caskey C. T. Structure, expression, and mutation of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Apr;81(7):2147–2151. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.7.2147. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Mombaerts P., Clarke A. R., Hooper M. L., Tonegawa S. Creation of a large genomic deletion at the T-cell antigen receptor beta-subunit locus in mouse embryonic stem cells by gene targeting. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Apr 15;88(8):3084–3087. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.8.3084. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Ramírez-Solis R., Davis A. C., Bradley A. Gene targeting in embryonic stem cells. Methods Enzymol. 1993;225:855–878. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(93)25054-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Robertson E., Bradley A., Kuehn M., Evans M. Germ-line transmission of genes introduced into cultured pluripotential cells by retroviral vector. Nature. 1986 Oct 2;323(6087):445–448. doi: 10.1038/323445a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Smithies O., Gregg R. G., Boggs S. S., Koralewski M. A., Kucherlapati R. S. Insertion of DNA sequences into the human chromosomal beta-globin locus by homologous recombination. Nature. 1985 Sep 19;317(6034):230–234. doi: 10.1038/317230a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Snouwaert J. N., Brigman K. K., Latour A. M., Malouf N. N., Boucher R. C., Smithies O., Koller B. H. An animal model for cystic fibrosis made by gene targeting. Science. 1992 Aug 21;257(5073):1083–1088. doi: 10.1126/science.257.5073.1083. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Soriano P., Montgomery C., Geske R., Bradley A. Targeted disruption of the c-src proto-oncogene leads to osteopetrosis in mice. Cell. 1991 Feb 22;64(4):693–702. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(91)90499-o. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Thomas K. R., Capecchi M. R. Site-directed mutagenesis by gene targeting in mouse embryo-derived stem cells. Cell. 1987 Nov 6;51(3):503–512. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90646-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Thomas K. R., Deng C., Capecchi M. R. High-fidelity gene targeting in embryonic stem cells by using sequence replacement vectors. Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Jul;12(7):2919–2923. doi: 10.1128/mcb.12.7.2919. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Yenofsky R. L., Fine M., Pellow J. W. A mutant neomycin phosphotransferase II gene reduces the resistance of transformants to antibiotic selection pressure. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 May;87(9):3435–3439. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.9.3435. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Zheng H., Hasty P., Brenneman M. A., Grompe M., Gibbs R. A., Wilson J. H., Bradley A. Fidelity of targeted recombination in human fibroblasts and murine embryonic stem cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Sep 15;88(18):8067–8071. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.18.8067. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Zijlstra M., Bix M., Simister N. E., Loring J. M., Raulet D. H., Jaenisch R. Beta 2-microglobulin deficient mice lack CD4-8+ cytolytic T cells. Nature. 1990 Apr 19;344(6268):742–746. doi: 10.1038/344742a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Molecular and Cellular Biology are provided here courtesy of Taylor & Francis

RESOURCES