Skip to main content
PMC home page
Molecular and Cellular Biology logoLink to Molecular and Cellular Biology
. 1990 Nov;10(11):6051–6054. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.11.6051

Alternatively spliced platelet-derived growth factor A-chain transcripts are not tumor specific but encode normal cellular proteins.

R M Young 1, A E Mendoza 1, T Collins 1, S H Orkin 1
PMCID: PMC361404  PMID: 2233732

Abstract

Two platelet-derived growth factor A-chain proteins, termed short and long A chains, are generated as a result of alternative mRNA splicing of exon 6 of the A-chain gene. S1 nuclease mapping and polymerase chain reaction analyses demonstrate that both short and long A-chain transcripts are expressed in a variety of normal tissues. In addition, immunohistochemical localization of long A-chain protein reveals a cellular distribution identical to that observed with platelet-derived growth factor heteroserum.

Full text

PDF
6053

Images in this article

6052Image
on p.6052
6052Image
on p.6052
6053Image
on p.6053
6053Image
on p.6053

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Antoniades H. N. Human platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF): purification of PDGF-I and PDGF-II and separation of their reduced subunits. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Dec;78(12):7314–7317. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.12.7314. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Collins T., Bonthron D. T., Orkin S. H. Alternative RNA splicing affects function of encoded platelet-derived growth factor A chain. Nature. 1987 Aug 13;328(6131):621–624. doi: 10.1038/328621a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Deuel T. F., Huang J. S., Proffitt R. T., Baenziger J. U., Chang D., Kennedy B. B. Human platelet-derived growth factor. Purification and resolution into two active protein fractions. J Biol Chem. 1981 Sep 10;256(17):8896–8899. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Hammacher A., Hellman U., Johnsson A., Ostman A., Gunnarsson K., Westermark B., Wasteson A., Heldin C. H. A major part of platelet-derived growth factor purified from human platelets is a heterodimer of one A and one B chain. J Biol Chem. 1988 Nov 5;263(31):16493–16498. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Heldin C. H., Westermark B. Platelet-derived growth factor: three isoforms and two receptor types. Trends Genet. 1989 Apr;5(4):108–111. doi: 10.1016/0168-9525(89)90040-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Heldin C. H., Westermark B., Wasteson A. Platelet-derived growth factor. Isolation by a large-scale procedure and analysis of subunit composition. Biochem J. 1981 Mar 1;193(3):907–913. doi: 10.1042/bj1930907. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Keck P. J., Hauser S. D., Krivi G., Sanzo K., Warren T., Feder J., Connolly D. T. Vascular permeability factor, an endothelial cell mitogen related to PDGF. Science. 1989 Dec 8;246(4935):1309–1312. doi: 10.1126/science.2479987. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kitagawa T., Aikawa T. Enzyme coupled immunoassay of insulin using a novel coupling reagent. J Biochem. 1976 Jan;79(1):233–236. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a131053. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Leung D. W., Cachianes G., Kuang W. J., Goeddel D. V., Ferrara N. Vascular endothelial growth factor is a secreted angiogenic mitogen. Science. 1989 Dec 8;246(4935):1306–1309. doi: 10.1126/science.2479986. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Maher D. W., Lee B. A., Donoghue D. J. The alternatively spliced exon of the platelet-derived growth factor A chain encodes a nuclear targeting signal. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 May;9(5):2251–2253. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.5.2251. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Matoskova B., Rorsman F., Svensson V., Betsholtz C. Alternative splicing of the platelet-derived growth factor A-chain transcript occurs in normal as well as tumor cells and is conserved among mammalian species. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 Jul;9(7):3148–3150. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.7.3148. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Mendoza A. E., Young R., Orkin S. H., Collins T. Increased platelet-derived growth factor A-chain expression in human uterine smooth muscle cells during the physiologic hypertrophy of pregnancy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Mar;87(6):2177–2181. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.6.2177. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Mercola M., Melton D. A., Stiles C. D. Platelet-derived growth factor A chain is maternally encoded in Xenopus embryos. Science. 1988 Sep 2;241(4870):1223–1225. doi: 10.1126/science.3413486. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Nistér M., Hammacher A., Mellström K., Siegbahn A., Rönnstrand L., Westermark B., Heldin C. H. A glioma-derived PDGF A chain homodimer has different functional activities from a PDGF AB heterodimer purified from human platelets. Cell. 1988 Mar 25;52(6):791–799. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(88)90421-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Raines E. W., Ross R. Platelet-derived growth factor. I. High yield purification and evidence for multiple forms. J Biol Chem. 1982 May 10;257(9):5154–5160. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Rappolee D. A., Brenner C. A., Schultz R., Mark D., Werb Z. Developmental expression of PDGF, TGF-alpha, and TGF-beta genes in preimplantation mouse embryos. Science. 1988 Sep 30;241(4874):1823–1825. doi: 10.1126/science.3175624. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Rorsman F., Bywater M., Knott T. J., Scott J., Betsholtz C. Structural characterization of the human platelet-derived growth factor A-chain cDNA and gene: alternative exon usage predicts two different precursor proteins. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Feb;8(2):571–577. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.2.571. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Ross R., Raines E. W., Bowen-Pope D. F. The biology of platelet-derived growth factor. Cell. 1986 Jul 18;46(2):155–169. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90733-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Sejersen T., Betsholtz C., Sjölund M., Heldin C. H., Westermark B., Thyberg J. Rat skeletal myoblasts and arterial smooth muscle cells express the gene for the A chain but not the gene for the B chain (c-sis) of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and produce a PDGF-like protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Sep;83(18):6844–6848. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.18.6844. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Stroobant P., Waterfield M. D. Purification and properties of porcine platelet-derived growth factor. EMBO J. 1984 Dec 1;3(12):2963–2967. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb02241.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Townes T. M., Lingrel J. B., Chen H. Y., Brinster R. L., Palmiter R. D. Erythroid-specific expression of human beta-globin genes in transgenic mice. EMBO J. 1985 Jul;4(7):1715–1723. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03841.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Wise R. J., Orkin S. H., Collins T. Aberrant expression of platelet-derived growth factor A-chain cDNAs due to cryptic splicing of RNA transcripts in COS-1 cells. Nucleic Acids Res. 1989 Aug 25;17(16):6591–6601. doi: 10.1093/nar/17.16.6591. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Molecular and Cellular Biology are provided here courtesy of Taylor & Francis

RESOURCES