Skip to main content
PMC home page
Molecular and Cellular Biology logoLink to Molecular and Cellular Biology
. 1989 Apr;9(4):1746–1753. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.4.1746

Heat shock and developmental regulation of the Drosophila melanogaster hsp83 gene.

H Xiao 1, J T Lis 1
PMCID: PMC362593  PMID: 2471067

Abstract

In contrast to the hsp70 gene, whose expression is normally at a very low level and increases by more than 2 orders of magnitude during heat shock, the hsp83 gene in Drosophila melanogaster is expressed at high levels during normal development and increases only severalfold in response to heat shock. Developmental expression of the hsp83 gene consists of a high level of tissue-general, basal expression and a very high level of expression in ovaries. We identified regions upstream of the hsp83 gene that were required for its developmental and heat shock-induced expression by assaying beta-galactosidase activity and mRNA levels in transgenic animals containing a series of 5' deletion and insertion mutations of an hsp83-lacZ fusion gene. Deletion of sequences upstream of the overlapping array of a previously defined heat shock consensus (HSC) sequence eliminated both forms of developmental expression of the hsp83 gene. As a result, the hsp83 gene with this deletion mutation was regulated like that of the hsp70 gene. Moreover, an in vivo polymer competition assay revealed that the overlapping HSC sequences of the hsp83 gene and the nonoverlapping HSC sequences of the hsp70 gene had similar affinities for the factor required for heat induction of the two heat shock genes. We discuss the functional similarity of hsp70 and hsp83 heat shock regulation in terms of a revised view of the heat shock-regulatory sequence.

Full text

PDF
1748

Images in this article

1749Image
on p.1749
1750Image
on p.1750

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Amin J., Ananthan J., Voellmy R. Key features of heat shock regulatory elements. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Sep;8(9):3761–3769. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.9.3761. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Amin J., Mestril R., Lawson R., Klapper H., Voellmy R. The heat shock consensus sequence is not sufficient for hsp70 gene expression in Drosophila melanogaster. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Jan;5(1):197–203. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.1.197. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bienz M., Pelham H. R. Mechanisms of heat-shock gene activation in higher eukaryotes. Adv Genet. 1987;24:31–72. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2660(08)60006-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Casadaban M. J., Chou J., Cohen S. N. In vitro gene fusions that join an enzymatically active beta-galactosidase segment to amino-terminal fragments of exogenous proteins: Escherichia coli plasmid vectors for the detection and cloning of translational initiation signals. J Bacteriol. 1980 Aug;143(2):971–980. doi: 10.1128/jb.143.2.971-980.1980. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cohen R. S., Meselson M. Separate regulatory elements for the heat-inducible and ovarian expression of the Drosophila hsp26 gene. Cell. 1985 Dec;43(3 Pt 2):737–746. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90247-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Costlow N., Lis J. T. High-resolution mapping of DNase I-hypersensitive sites of Drosophila heat shock genes in Drosophila melanogaster and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Sep;4(9):1853–1863. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.9.1853. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Di Nocera P. P., Dawid I. B. Transient expression of genes introduced into cultured cells of Drosophila. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 Dec;80(23):7095–7098. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.23.7095. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Dudler R., Travers A. A. Upstream elements necessary for optimal function of the hsp 70 promoter in transformed flies. Cell. 1984 Sep;38(2):391–398. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90494-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Dura J. M. Stage dependent synthesis of heat shock induced proteins in early embryos of Drosophila melanogaster. Mol Gen Genet. 1981;184(3):381–385. doi: 10.1007/BF00352509. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Dynan W. S., Tjian R. Control of eukaryotic messenger RNA synthesis by sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins. 1985 Aug 29-Sep 4Nature. 316(6031):774–778. doi: 10.1038/316774a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Glaser R. L., Wolfner M. F., Lis J. T. Spatial and temporal pattern of hsp26 expression during normal development. EMBO J. 1986 Apr;5(4):747–754. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04277.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hackett R. W., Lis J. T. Localization of the hsp83 transcript within a 3292 nucleotide sequence from the 63B heat shock locus of D. melanogaster. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Oct 25;11(20):7011–7030. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.20.7011. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hiromi Y., Kuroiwa A., Gehring W. J. Control elements of the Drosophila segmentation gene fushi tarazu. Cell. 1985 Dec;43(3 Pt 2):603–613. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90232-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Hoffman E. P., Gerring S. L., Corces V. G. The ovarian, ecdysterone, and heat-shock-responsive promoters of the Drosophila melanogaster hsp27 gene react very differently to perturbations of DNA sequence. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Mar;7(3):973–981. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.3.973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Karch F., Török I., Tissières A. Extensive regions of homology in front of the two hsp70 heat shock variant genes in Drosophila melanogaster. J Mol Biol. 1981 May 25;148(3):219–230. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(81)90536-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Lindquist S. The heat-shock response. Annu Rev Biochem. 1986;55:1151–1191. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.55.070186.005443. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Lindquist S. Varying patterns of protein synthesis in Drosophila during heat shock: implications for regulation. Dev Biol. 1980 Jun 15;77(2):463–479. doi: 10.1016/0012-1606(80)90488-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Lis J. T., Simon J. A., Sutton C. A. New heat shock puffs and beta-galactosidase activity resulting from transformation of Drosophila with an hsp70-lacZ hybrid gene. Cell. 1983 Dec;35(2 Pt 1):403–410. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90173-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Maniatis T., Goodbourn S., Fischer J. A. Regulation of inducible and tissue-specific gene expression. Science. 1987 Jun 5;236(4806):1237–1245. doi: 10.1126/science.3296191. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. O'Connor D., Lis J. T. Two closely linked transcription units within the 63B heat shock puff locus of D. melanogaster display strikingly different regulation. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Oct 10;9(19):5075–5092. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.19.5075. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Pelham H. R. A regulatory upstream promoter element in the Drosophila hsp 70 heat-shock gene. Cell. 1982 Sep;30(2):517–528. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90249-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Riddihough G., Pelham H. R. Activation of the Drosophila hsp27 promoter by heat shock and by ecdysone involves independent and remote regulatory sequences. EMBO J. 1986 Jul;5(7):1653–1658. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04408.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Rubin G. M., Spradling A. C. Genetic transformation of Drosophila with transposable element vectors. Science. 1982 Oct 22;218(4570):348–353. doi: 10.1126/science.6289436. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Schneider I. Cell lines derived from late embryonic stages of Drosophila melanogaster. J Embryol Exp Morphol. 1972 Apr;27(2):353–365. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Simon J. A., Lis J. T. A germline transformation analysis reveals flexibility in the organization of heat shock consensus elements. Nucleic Acids Res. 1987 Apr 10;15(7):2971–2988. doi: 10.1093/nar/15.7.2971. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Simon J. A., Sutton C. A., Lobell R. B., Glaser R. L., Lis J. T. Determinants of heat shock-induced chromosome puffing. Cell. 1985 Apr;40(4):805–817. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90340-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Southern E. M. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503–517. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80083-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Southgate R., Ayme A., Voellmy R. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the Drosophila small heat shock gene cluster at locus 67B. J Mol Biol. 1983 Mar 25;165(1):35–57. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(83)80241-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Sun X. H., Lis J. T., Wu R. The positive and negative transcriptional regulation of the Drosophila Gapdh-2 gene. Genes Dev. 1988 Jun;2(6):743–753. doi: 10.1101/gad.2.6.743. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Wu C. Activating protein factor binds in vitro to upstream control sequences in heat shock gene chromatin. Nature. 1984 Sep 6;311(5981):81–84. doi: 10.1038/311081a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Wu C. The 5' ends of Drosophila heat shock genes in chromatin are hypersensitive to DNase I. Nature. 1980 Aug 28;286(5776):854–860. doi: 10.1038/286854a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Xiao H., Lis J. T. A consensus sequence polymer inhibits in vivo expression of heat shock genes. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Sep;6(9):3200–3206. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.9.3200. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Xiao H., Lis J. T. Germline transformation used to define key features of heat-shock response elements. Science. 1988 Mar 4;239(4844):1139–1142. doi: 10.1126/science.3125608. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Yost H. J., Lindquist S. RNA splicing is interrupted by heat shock and is rescued by heat shock protein synthesis. Cell. 1986 Apr 25;45(2):185–193. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90382-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Zimarino V., Wu C. Induction of sequence-specific binding of Drosophila heat shock activator protein without protein synthesis. 1987 Jun 25-Jul 1Nature. 327(6124):727–730. doi: 10.1038/327727a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Zimmerman J. L., Petri W., Meselson M. Accumulation of a specific subset of D. melanogaster heat shock mRNAs in normal development without heat shock. Cell. 1983 Apr;32(4):1161–1170. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90299-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Molecular and Cellular Biology are provided here courtesy of Taylor & Francis

RESOURCES