Skip to main content
PMC home page
Molecular and Cellular Biology logoLink to Molecular and Cellular Biology
. 1988 Jun;8(6):2545–2554. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.6.2545

Identification of a Ty1 regulatory sequence responsive to STE7 and STE12.

M Company 1, C Adler 1, B Errede 1
PMCID: PMC363455  PMID: 3043182

Abstract

Ty1 activation of gene expression observed in haploid cell types of Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires the STE7 and STE12 gene products. An activator sequence within Ty1 that is responsive to these two regulators has been defined. Complex formation between a factor in whole-cell extracts and the DNA regulatory element showed the same dependence on the STE7 and STE12 gene products as did reporter gene expression. Base pair substitutions within the binding site abolished the ability to form the factor-DNA complex and to activate gene expression. The correlation between complex formation and reporter gene expression indicates that factor binding to the cis-acting element is essential for gene activation. Because the predicted protein for the STE7 gene product is homologous to protein kinases, we suggest that protein phosphorylation may directly or indirectly regulate formation of this DNA-protein complex.

Full text

PDF
2548

Images in this article

2548Image
on p.2548
2549Image
on p.2549
2551Image
on p.2551

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Angel P., Imagawa M., Chiu R., Stein B., Imbra R. J., Rahmsdorf H. J., Jonat C., Herrlich P., Karin M. Phorbol ester-inducible genes contain a common cis element recognized by a TPA-modulated trans-acting factor. Cell. 1987 Jun 19;49(6):729–739. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90611-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bender A., Sprague G. F., Jr MAT alpha 1 protein, a yeast transcription activator, binds synergistically with a second protein to a set of cell-type-specific genes. Cell. 1987 Aug 28;50(5):681–691. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90326-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bolivar F., Rodriguez R. L., Greene P. J., Betlach M. C., Heyneker H. L., Boyer H. W., Crosa J. H., Falkow S. Construction and characterization of new cloning vehicles. II. A multipurpose cloning system. Gene. 1977;2(2):95–113. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Company M., Errede B. Cell-type-dependent gene activation by yeast transposon Ty1 involves multiple regulatory determinants. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Sep;7(9):3205–3211. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.9.3205. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Company M., Errede B. Transcriptional analysis of Ty1 deletion and inversion derivatives at CYC7. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Oct;6(10):3299–3311. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.10.3299. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Dretzen G., Bellard M., Sassone-Corsi P., Chambon P. A reliable method for the recovery of DNA fragments from agarose and acrylamide gels. Anal Biochem. 1981 Apr;112(2):295–298. doi: 10.1016/0003-2697(81)90296-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Dubois E., Jacobs E., Jauniaux J. C. Expression of the ROAM mutations in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: involvement of trans-acting regulatory elements and relation with the Ty1 transcription. EMBO J. 1982;1(9):1133–1139. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1982.tb01308.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Dynan W. S., Tjian R. Control of eukaryotic messenger RNA synthesis by sequence-specific DNA-binding proteins. 1985 Aug 29-Sep 4Nature. 316(6031):774–778. doi: 10.1038/316774a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Errede B., Cardillo T. S., Sherman F., Dubois E., Deschamps J., Wiame J. M. Mating signals control expression of mutations resulting from insertion of a transposable repetitive element adjacent to diverse yeast genes. Cell. 1980 Nov;22(2 Pt 2):427–436. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(80)90353-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Errede B., Cardillo T. S., Teague M. A., Sherman F. Identification of regulatory regions within the Ty1 transposable element that regulate iso-2-cytochrome c production in the CYC7-H2 yeast mutant. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Jul;4(7):1393–1401. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.7.1393. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Errede B., Cardillo T. S., Wever G., Sherman F., Stiles J. I., Friedman L. R., Sherman F. Studies on transposable elements in yeast. I. ROAM mutations causing increased expression of yeast genes: their activation by signals directed toward conjugation functions and their formation by insertion of Ty1 repetitive elements. II. deletions, duplications, and transpositions of the COR segment that encompasses the structural gene of yeast iso-1-cytochrome c. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol. 1981;45(Pt 2):593–607. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Errede B., Company M., Ferchak J. D., Hutchison C. A., 3rd, Yarnell W. S. Activation regions in a yeast transposon have homology to mating type control sequences and to mammalian enhancers. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Aug;82(16):5423–5427. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.16.5423. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Errede B., Company M., Hutchison C. A., 3rd Ty1 sequence with enhancer and mating-type-dependent regulatory activities. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Jan;7(1):258–265. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.1.258. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Fields S., Chaleff D. T., Sprague G. F., Jr Yeast STE7, STE11, and STE12 genes are required for expression of cell-type-specific genes. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Feb;8(2):551–556. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.2.551. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Fields S., Herskowitz I. Regulation by the yeast mating-type locus of STE12, a gene required for cell-type-specific expression. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Oct;7(10):3818–3821. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.10.3818. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Fried M., Crothers D. M. Equilibria and kinetics of lac repressor-operator interactions by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Dec 11;9(23):6505–6525. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.23.6505. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Galas D. J., Schmitz A. DNAse footprinting: a simple method for the detection of protein-DNA binding specificity. Nucleic Acids Res. 1978 Sep;5(9):3157–3170. doi: 10.1093/nar/5.9.3157. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Garner M. M., Revzin A. A gel electrophoresis method for quantifying the binding of proteins to specific DNA regions: application to components of the Escherichia coli lactose operon regulatory system. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Jul 10;9(13):3047–3060. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.13.3047. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Guarente L., Ptashne M. Fusion of Escherichia coli lacZ to the cytochrome c gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Apr;78(4):2199–2203. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.4.2199. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Hall M. N., Johnson A. D. Homeo domain of the yeast repressor alpha 2 is a sequence-specific DNA-binding domain but is not sufficient for repression. Science. 1987 Aug 28;237(4818):1007–1012. doi: 10.1126/science.2887035. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Hartwell L. H. Mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae unresponsive to cell division control by polypeptide mating hormone. J Cell Biol. 1980 Jun;85(3):811–822. doi: 10.1083/jcb.85.3.811. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Imbra R. J., Karin M. Phorbol ester induces the transcriptional stimulatory activity of the SV40 enhancer. Nature. 1986 Oct 9;323(6088):555–558. doi: 10.1038/323555a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Ito H., Fukuda Y., Murata K., Kimura A. Transformation of intact yeast cells treated with alkali cations. J Bacteriol. 1983 Jan;153(1):163–168. doi: 10.1128/jb.153.1.163-168.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Johnson A. D., Herskowitz I. A repressor (MAT alpha 2 Product) and its operator control expression of a set of cell type specific genes in yeast. Cell. 1985 Aug;42(1):237–247. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(85)80119-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Maniatis T., Goodbourn S., Fischer J. A. Regulation of inducible and tissue-specific gene expression. Science. 1987 Jun 5;236(4806):1237–1245. doi: 10.1126/science.3296191. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):499–560. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65059-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Miller A. M., MacKay V. L., Nasmyth K. A. Identification and comparison of two sequence elements that confer cell-type specific transcription in yeast. Nature. 1985 Apr 18;314(6012):598–603. doi: 10.1038/314598a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Nasmyth K., Shore D. Transcriptional regulation in the yeast life cycle. Science. 1987 Sep 4;237(4819):1162–1170. doi: 10.1126/science.3306917. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Nishizuka Y. Studies and perspectives of protein kinase C. Science. 1986 Jul 18;233(4761):305–312. doi: 10.1126/science.3014651. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Pfeifer K., Arcangioli B., Guarente L. Yeast HAP1 activator competes with the factor RC2 for binding to the upstream activation site UAS1 of the CYC1 gene. Cell. 1987 Apr 10;49(1):9–18. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90750-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Rothstein R. J. One-step gene disruption in yeast. Methods Enzymol. 1983;101:202–211. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(83)01015-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Russell D. W., Jensen R., Zoller M. J., Burke J., Errede B., Smith M., Herskowitz I. Structure of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae HO gene and analysis of its upstream regulatory region. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Dec;6(12):4281–4294. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.12.4281. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. SHERMAN F., SLONIMSKI P. P. RESPIRATION-DEFICIENT MUTANTS OF YEAST. II. BIOCHEMISTRY. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1964 Jul 15;90:1–15. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(64)90113-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Sen R., Baltimore D. Inducibility of kappa immunoglobulin enhancer-binding protein Nf-kappa B by a posttranslational mechanism. Cell. 1986 Dec 26;47(6):921–928. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90807-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Siebenlist U., Gilbert W. Contacts between Escherichia coli RNA polymerase and an early promoter of phage T7. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Jan;77(1):122–126. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.1.122. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Siliciano P. G., Tatchell K. Identification of the DNA sequences controlling the expression of the MAT alpha locus of yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Apr;83(8):2320–2324. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.8.2320. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Siliciano P. G., Tatchell K. Transcription and regulatory signals at the mating type locus in yeast. Cell. 1984 Jul;37(3):969–978. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90431-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Sorger P. K., Lewis M. J., Pelham H. R. Heat shock factor is regulated differently in yeast and HeLa cells. Nature. 1987 Sep 3;329(6134):81–84. doi: 10.1038/329081a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Sorger P. K., Pelham H. R. Purification and characterization of a heat-shock element binding protein from yeast. EMBO J. 1987 Oct;6(10):3035–3041. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02609.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Taguchi A. K., Ciriacy M., Young E. T. Carbon source dependence of transposable element-associated gene activation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Jan;4(1):61–68. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.1.61. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Teague M. A., Chaleff D. T., Errede B. Nucleotide sequence of the yeast regulatory gene STE7 predicts a protein homologous to protein kinases. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Oct;83(19):7371–7375. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.19.7371. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Vieira J., Messing J. Production of single-stranded plasmid DNA. Methods Enzymol. 1987;153:3–11. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(87)53044-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Wasylyk C., Imler J. L., Perez-Mutul J., Wasylyk B. The c-Ha-ras oncogene and a tumor promoter activate the polyoma virus enhancer. Cell. 1987 Feb 13;48(3):525–534. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90203-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Molecular and Cellular Biology are provided here courtesy of Taylor & Francis

RESOURCES