Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Molecular and Cellular Biology logoLink to Molecular and Cellular Biology
. 1987 Apr;7(4):1425–1435. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.4.1425

Developmental regulation of SPO13, a gene required for separation of homologous chromosomes at meiosis I.

H T Wang, S Frackman, J Kowalisyn, R E Esposito, R Elder
PMCID: PMC365230  PMID: 3299047

Abstract

Previous studies have demonstrated that the SPO13 gene is required for chromosome separation during meiosis I in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In the presence of the spo13-1 nonsense mutation, MATa/MAT alpha diploid cells complete a number of events typical of meiosis I including premeiotic DNA synthesis, genetic recombination, and spindle formation. Disjunction of homologous chromosomes, however, fails to occur. Instead, cells proceed through a single meiosis II-like division and form two diploid spores. In this paper, we report the cloning of this essential meiotic gene and an analysis of its transcription during vegetative growth and sporulation. Disruptions of SPO13 in haploid and diploid cells show that it is dispensible for mitotic cell division. Diploids homozygous for the disruptions behave similarly to spo13-1 mutants; they sporulate at wild-type levels and produce two-spored asci. The DNA region complementing spo13-1 encodes two overlapping transcripts, which have the same 3' end but different 5' ends. The major transcript is 400 bases shorter than the larger, less abundant one. The shorter RNA is sufficient to complement the spo13-1 mutation. While both transcripts are undetectable or just barely detectable in vegetative cultures, they each undergo a greater than 70-fold induction early during sporulation, reaching a maximum level about the time of the first meiotic division. In synchronously sporulating populations, the transcripts nearly disappear before the completion of ascus formation. Nonsporulating cells homozygous for the mating-type locus show a small increase in abundance (less than 5% of the increase in sporulating cells) of both transcripts in sporulation medium. These results indicate that expression of the SPO13 gene is developmentally regulated and starvation alone, independent of the genotype at MAT, can trigger initial induction.

Full text

PDF
1425

Images in this article

1430Image
on p.1430
1431Image
on p.1431
1432Image
on p.1432

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Clancy M. J., Buten-Magee B., Straight D. J., Kennedy A. L., Partridge R. M., Magee P. T. Isolation of genes expressed preferentially during sporulation in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 May;80(10):3000–3004. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.10.3000. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Clarke L., Carbon J. Isolation of a yeast centromere and construction of functional small circular chromosomes. Nature. 1980 Oct 9;287(5782):504–509. doi: 10.1038/287504a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Elder R. T., Loh E. Y., Davis R. W. RNA from the yeast transposable element Ty1 has both ends in the direct repeats, a structure similar to retrovirus RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1983 May;80(9):2432–2436. doi: 10.1073/pnas.80.9.2432. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Esposito R. E., Frink N., Bernstein P., Esposito M. S. The genetic control of sporulation in Saccharomyces. II. Dominance and complementation of mutants of meiosis and spore formation. Mol Gen Genet. 1972;114(3):241–248. doi: 10.1007/BF01788893. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Favaloro J., Treisman R., Kamen R. Transcription maps of polyoma virus-specific RNA: analysis by two-dimensional nuclease S1 gel mapping. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):718–749. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65070-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Gottlin-Ninfa E., Kaback D. B. Isolation and functional analysis of sporulation-induced transcribed sequences from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Jun;6(6):2185–2197. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.6.2185. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Hereford L. M., Rosbash M. Number and distribution of polyadenylated RNA sequences in yeast. Cell. 1977 Mar;10(3):453–462. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(77)90032-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hinnen A., Hicks J. B., Fink G. R. Transformation of yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Apr;75(4):1929–1933. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.4.1929. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Johnston M., Davis R. W. Sequences that regulate the divergent GAL1-GAL10 promoter in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Aug;4(8):1440–1448. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.8.1440. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Julius D., Blair L., Brake A., Sprague G., Thorner J. Yeast alpha factor is processed from a larger precursor polypeptide: the essential role of a membrane-bound dipeptidyl aminopeptidase. Cell. 1983 Mar;32(3):839–852. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90070-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kaback D. B., Feldberg L. R. Saccharomyces cerevisiae exhibits a sporulation-specific temporal pattern of transcript accumulation. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Apr;5(4):751–761. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.4.751. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Kassir Y., Simchen G. Regulation of mating and meiosis in yeast by the mating-type region. Genetics. 1976 Feb;82(2):187–206. doi: 10.1093/genetics/82.2.187. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Klapholz S., Esposito R. E. A new mapping method employing a meiotic rec-mutant of yeast. Genetics. 1982 Mar;100(3):387–412. doi: 10.1093/genetics/100.3.387. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Klapholz S., Esposito R. E. Isolation of SPO12-1 and SPO13-1 from a natural variant of yeast that undergoes a single meiotic division. Genetics. 1980 Nov;96(3):567–588. doi: 10.1093/genetics/96.3.567. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Klapholz S., Esposito R. E. Recombination and chromosome segregation during the single division meiosis in SPO12-1 and SPO13-1 diploids. Genetics. 1980 Nov;96(3):589–611. doi: 10.1093/genetics/96.3.589. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Klapholz S., Waddell C. S., Esposito R. E. The role of the SPO11 gene in meiotic recombination in yeast. Genetics. 1985 Jun;110(2):187–216. doi: 10.1093/genetics/110.2.187. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Kurtz S., Lindquist S. Changing patterns of gene expression during sporulation in yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Dec;81(23):7323–7327. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.23.7323. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Ley T. J., Anagnou N. P., Pepe G., Nienhuis A. W. RNA processing errors in patients with beta-thalassemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Aug;79(15):4775–4779. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.15.4775. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. MacKay V. L. Cloning of yeast STE genes in 2 microns vectors. Methods Enzymol. 1983;101:325–343. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(83)01025-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Malone R. E., Esposito R. E. Recombinationless meiosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1981 Oct;1(10):891–901. doi: 10.1128/mcb.1.10.891. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Matsumoto K., Uno I., Ishikawa T. Initiation of meiosis in yeast mutants defective in adenylate cyclase and cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase. Cell. 1983 Feb;32(2):417–423. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90461-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. McDonell M. W., Simon M. N., Studier F. W. Analysis of restriction fragments of T7 DNA and determination of molecular weights by electrophoresis in neutral and alkaline gels. J Mol Biol. 1977 Feb 15;110(1):119–146. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(77)80102-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. McMaster G. K., Carmichael G. G. Analysis of single- and double-stranded nucleic acids on polyacrylamide and agarose gels by using glyoxal and acridine orange. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1977 Nov;74(11):4835–4838. doi: 10.1073/pnas.74.11.4835. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Melton D. A., Krieg P. A., Rebagliati M. R., Maniatis T., Zinn K., Green M. R. Efficient in vitro synthesis of biologically active RNA and RNA hybridization probes from plasmids containing a bacteriophage SP6 promoter. Nucleic Acids Res. 1984 Sep 25;12(18):7035–7056. doi: 10.1093/nar/12.18.7035. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Messing J. New M13 vectors for cloning. Methods Enzymol. 1983;101:20–78. doi: 10.1016/0076-6879(83)01005-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Mitchell A. P., Herskowitz I. Activation of meiosis and sporulation by repression of the RME1 product in yeast. 1986 Feb 27-Mar 5Nature. 319(6056):738–742. doi: 10.1038/319738a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Nasmyth K. A. Molecular genetics of yeast mating type. Annu Rev Genet. 1982;16:439–500. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ge.16.120182.002255. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Percival-Smith A., Segall J. Characterization and mutational analysis of a cluster of three genes expressed preferentially during sporulation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Jul;6(7):2443–2451. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.7.2443. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Percival-Smith A., Segall J. Isolation of DNA sequences preferentially expressed during sporulation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Jan;4(1):142–150. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.1.142. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Rine J., Sprague G. F., Jr, Herskowitz I. rme1 Mutation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae: map position and bypass of mating type locus control of sporulation. Mol Cell Biol. 1981 Oct;1(10):958–960. doi: 10.1128/mcb.1.10.958. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Shilo V., Simchen G., Shilo B. Initiation of meiosis in cell cycle initiation mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Exp Cell Res. 1978 Mar 15;112(2):241–248. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(78)90206-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Stinchcomb D. T., Mann C., Davis R. W. Centromeric DNA from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Mol Biol. 1982 Jun 25;158(2):157–190. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(82)90427-2. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Struhl K., Stinchcomb D. T., Scherer S., Davis R. W. High-frequency transformation of yeast: autonomous replication of hybrid DNA molecules. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Mar;76(3):1035–1039. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.3.1035. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Thomas P. S. Hybridization of denatured RNA and small DNA fragments transferred to nitrocellulose. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Sep;77(9):5201–5205. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.9.5201. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Toda T., Uno I., Ishikawa T., Powers S., Kataoka T., Broek D., Cameron S., Broach J., Matsumoto K., Wigler M. In yeast, RAS proteins are controlling elements of adenylate cyclase. Cell. 1985 Jan;40(1):27–36. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90305-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Tschumper G., Carbon J. Delta sequences and double symmetry in a yeast chromosomal replicator region. J Mol Biol. 1982 Apr 5;156(2):293–307. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(82)90330-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Tsuboi M. The isolation and genetic analysis of sporulation-deficient mutants in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Gen Genet. 1983;191(1):17–21. doi: 10.1007/BF00330883. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Wagstaff J. E., Klapholz S., Esposito R. E. Meiosis in haploid yeast. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 May;79(9):2986–2990. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.9.2986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Wahl G. M., Stern M., Stark G. R. Efficient transfer of large DNA fragments from agarose gels to diazobenzyloxymethyl-paper and rapid hybridization by using dextran sulfate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Aug;76(8):3683–3687. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.8.3683. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Weir-Thompson E. M., Dawes I. W. Developmental changes in translatable RNA species associated with meiosis and spore formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Apr;4(4):695–702. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.4.695. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Whiteway M., Szostak J. W. The ARD1 gene of yeast functions in the switch between the mitotic cell cycle and alternative developmental pathways. Cell. 1985 Dec;43(2 Pt 1):483–492. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(85)90178-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Yamashita I., Fukui S. Transcriptional control of the sporulation-specific glucoamylase gene in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Nov;5(11):3069–3073. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.11.3069. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Yeh E., Carbon J., Bloom K. Tightly centromere-linked gene (SPO15) essential for meiosis in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Jan;6(1):158–167. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.1.158. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Molecular and Cellular Biology are provided here courtesy of Taylor & Francis

RESOURCES