Skip to main content
PMC home page
Molecular and Cellular Biology logoLink to Molecular and Cellular Biology
. 1986 May;6(5):1487–1496. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.5.1487

A novel general approach to eucaryotic mutagenesis functionally identifies conserved regions within the adenovirus 13S E1A polypeptide.

D Kimelman
PMCID: PMC367674  PMID: 2946936

Abstract

A new approach to the isolation of mutations in mammalian genes was developed which permits both the selection of infrequently occurring mutants that alter the cellular morphology of recipient cells and the rapid reisolation of the mutant gene. The adenovirus type 5 13S early region 1a (E1a) gene was mutagenized in vitro with sodium bisulfite and then efficiently transferred into cells with a retrovirus shuttle vector. Three classes of mutants of the 13S E1a gene product were isolated, each of which induced a distinct morphological alteration. The mutant E1a gene was reisolated from each cell line, and the precise nucleotide changes were determined. The E1a-induced morphological alterations were further examined by the construction of single and double point mutations within different regions of the polypeptides by utilizing the amino acid substitutions obtained from the original mutants. The results suggest that each of the three regions of highly conserved amino acids within the E1a 13S polypeptide has a distinct role in the alteration of cellular morphology and the activation of gene expression.

Full text

PDF
1491

Images in this article

1490Image
on p.1490
1491Image
on p.1491
1492Image
on p.1492
1494Image
on p.1494

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Berk A. J., Sharp P. A. Structure of the adenovirus 2 early mRNAs. Cell. 1978 Jul;14(3):695–711. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(78)90252-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Carlock L. R., Jones N. C. Transformation-defective mutant of adenovirus type 5 containing a single altered E1a mRNA species. J Virol. 1981 Dec;40(3):657–664. doi: 10.1128/jvi.40.3.657-664.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Cepko C. L., Roberts B. E., Mulligan R. C. Construction and applications of a highly transmissible murine retrovirus shuttle vector. Cell. 1984 Jul;37(3):1053–1062. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90440-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Chow L. T., Broker T. R., Lewis J. B. Complex splicing patterns of RNAs from the early regions of adenovirus-2. J Mol Biol. 1979 Oct 25;134(2):265–303. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(79)90036-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Ho Y. S., Galos R., Williams J. Isolation of type 5 adenovirus mutants with a cold-sensitive host range phenotype: genetic evidence of an adenovirus transformation maintenance function. Virology. 1982 Oct 15;122(1):109–124. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(82)90381-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Hurwitz D. R., Chinnadurai G. Evidence that a second tumor antigen coded by adenovirus early gene region E1a is required for efficient cell transformation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Jan;82(1):163–167. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.1.163. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Jones N., Shenk T. Isolation of adenovirus type 5 host range deletion mutants defective for transformation of rat embryo cells. Cell. 1979 Jul;17(3):683–689. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90275-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kimelman D., Miller J. S., Porter D., Roberts B. E. E1a regions of the human adenoviruses and of the highly oncogenic simian adenovirus 7 are closely related. J Virol. 1985 Feb;53(2):399–409. doi: 10.1128/jvi.53.2.399-409.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Maxam A. M., Gilbert W. Sequencing end-labeled DNA with base-specific chemical cleavages. Methods Enzymol. 1980;65(1):499–560. doi: 10.1016/s0076-6879(80)65059-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Montell C., Courtois G., Eng C., Berk A. Complete transformation by adenovirus 2 requires both E1A proteins. Cell. 1984 Apr;36(4):951–961. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90045-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Montell C., Fisher E. F., Caruthers M. H., Berk A. J. Resolving the functions of overlapping viral genes by site-specific mutagenesis at a mRNA splice site. Nature. 1982 Feb 4;295(5848):380–384. doi: 10.1038/295380a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Peden K. W., Nathans D. Local mutagenesis within deletion loops of DNA heteroduplexes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Dec;79(23):7214–7217. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.23.7214. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Perricaudet M., Akusjärvi G., Virtanen A., Pettersson U. Structure of two spliced mRNAs from the transforming region of human subgroup C adenoviruses. Nature. 1979 Oct 25;281(5733):694–696. doi: 10.1038/281694a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Ricciardi R. P., Jones R. L., Cepko C. L., Sharp P. A., Roberts B. E. Expression of early adenovirus genes requires a viral encoded acidic polypeptide. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1981 Oct;78(10):6121–6125. doi: 10.1073/pnas.78.10.6121. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Roberts B. E., Miller J. S., Kimelman D., Cepko C. L., Lemischka I. R., Mulligan R. C. Individual adenovirus type 5 early region 1A gene products elicit distinct alterations of cellular morphology and gene expression. J Virol. 1985 Nov;56(2):404–413. doi: 10.1128/jvi.56.2.404-413.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Shortle D., Nathans D. Local mutagenesis: a method for generating viral mutants with base substitutions in preselected regions of the viral genome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 May;75(5):2170–2174. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.5.2170. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Solnick D., Anderson M. A. Transformation-deficient adenovirus mutant defective in expression of region 1A but not region 1B. J Virol. 1982 Apr;42(1):106–113. doi: 10.1128/jvi.42.1.106-113.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Thomas P. S. Hybridization of denatured RNA and small DNA fragments transferred to nitrocellulose. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Sep;77(9):5201–5205. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.9.5201. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. van Ormondt H., Maat J., Dijkema R. Comparison of nucleotide sequences of the early E1a regions for subgroups A, B and C of human adenoviruses. Gene. 1980 Dec;12(1-2):63–76. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(80)90016-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Molecular and Cellular Biology are provided here courtesy of Taylor & Francis

RESOURCES