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. 1996 Jun 25;93(13):6716–6720. doi: 10.1073/pnas.93.13.6716

Multivalent DNA-binding properties of the HMG-1 proteins.

J F Maher 1, D Nathans 1
PMCID: PMC39092  PMID: 8692884

Abstract

HMG-I proteins are DNA-binding proteins thought to affect the formation and function of transcription complexes. Each protein contains three DNA-binding motifs, known as AT-hooks, that bind in the minor groove of AT tracts in DNA. Multiple AT-hooks within a polypeptide chain should contact multiple AT tracts, but the rules governing these interactions have not been defined. In this study, we demonstrate that high-affinity binding uses two or three appropriately spaced AT tracts as a single multivalent binding site. These principles have implications for binding to regulatory elements such as the interferon beta enhancer, TATA boxes, and serum response elements.

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