Abstract
p47v-crk (v-Crk), a transforming gene product containing Src homology (SH)-2 and -3 domains, induces an elevated level of tyrosine phosphorylation of several cellular proteins. Among these proteins, a 125-135 kDa protein (p130) shows marked phosphorylation at tyrosines and tight association with v-Crk, suggesting a direct signal mediator of v-Crk. Here we report the molecular cloning of rat p130 by immunoaffinity purification. The p130 is a novel SH3-containing signaling molecule with a cluster of multiple putative SH2-binding motifs of v-Crk. Immunochemical analyses revealed that p130 is highly phosphorylated at tyrosines during transformation by p60v-src (v-Src), as well as by v-Crk, forming stable complexes with these oncoproteins. The p130 behaves as an extremely potent substrate of kinase activity included in the complexes and it is a major v-Src-associated substrate of the Src kinase by partial peptidase mapping. Subcellular fractionation demonstrated that the cytoplasmic p130 could move to the membrane upon tyrosine phosphorylation. The p130 (designated Cas for Crk-associated substrate) is a common cellular target of phosphorylation signal via v-Crk and v-Src oncoproteins, and its unique structure indicates the possible role of p130Cas in assembling signals from multiple SH2-containing molecules.
Full text
PDFImages in this article
Selected References
These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.
- Adams M. D., Soares M. B., Kerlavage A. R., Fields C., Venter J. C. Rapid cDNA sequencing (expressed sequence tags) from a directionally cloned human infant brain cDNA library. Nat Genet. 1993 Aug;4(4):373–380. doi: 10.1038/ng0893-373. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bibbins K. B., Boeuf H., Varmus H. E. Binding of the Src SH2 domain to phosphopeptides is determined by residues in both the SH2 domain and the phosphopeptides. Mol Cell Biol. 1993 Dec;13(12):7278–7287. doi: 10.1128/mcb.13.12.7278. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Birge R. B., Fajardo J. E., Mayer B. J., Hanafusa H. Tyrosine-phosphorylated epidermal growth factor receptor and cellular p130 provide high affinity binding substrates to analyze Crk-phosphotyrosine-dependent interactions in vitro. J Biol Chem. 1992 May 25;267(15):10588–10595. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Birge R. B., Fajardo J. E., Reichman C., Shoelson S. E., Songyang Z., Cantley L. C., Hanafusa H. Identification and characterization of a high-affinity interaction between v-Crk and tyrosine-phosphorylated paxillin in CT10-transformed fibroblasts. Mol Cell Biol. 1993 Aug;13(8):4648–4656. doi: 10.1128/mcb.13.8.4648. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Birge R. B., Hanafusa H. Closing in on SH2 specificity. Science. 1993 Dec 3;262(5139):1522–1524. doi: 10.1126/science.7504323. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Booker G. W., Gout I., Downing A. K., Driscoll P. C., Boyd J., Waterfield M. D., Campbell I. D. Solution structure and ligand-binding site of the SH3 domain of the p85 alpha subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Cell. 1993 May 21;73(4):813–822. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90259-s. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Bustelo X. R., Ledbetter J. A., Barbacid M. Product of vav proto-oncogene defines a new class of tyrosine protein kinase substrates. Nature. 1992 Mar 5;356(6364):68–71. doi: 10.1038/356068a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Chomczynski P., Sacchi N. Single-step method of RNA isolation by acid guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform extraction. Anal Biochem. 1987 Apr;162(1):156–159. doi: 10.1006/abio.1987.9999. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Clark S. G., Stern M. J., Horvitz H. R. C. elegans cell-signalling gene sem-5 encodes a protein with SH2 and SH3 domains. Nature. 1992 Mar 26;356(6367):340–344. doi: 10.1038/356340a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cleveland D. W., Fischer S. G., Kirschner M. W., Laemmli U. K. Peptide mapping by limited proteolysis in sodium dodecyl sulfate and analysis by gel electrophoresis. J Biol Chem. 1977 Feb 10;252(3):1102–1106. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Cobb B. S., Schaller M. D., Leu T. H., Parsons J. T. Stable association of pp60src and pp59fyn with the focal adhesion-associated protein tyrosine kinase, pp125FAK. Mol Cell Biol. 1994 Jan;14(1):147–155. doi: 10.1128/mcb.14.1.147. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Egan S. E., Giddings B. W., Brooks M. W., Buday L., Sizeland A. M., Weinberg R. A. Association of Sos Ras exchange protein with Grb2 is implicated in tyrosine kinase signal transduction and transformation. Nature. 1993 May 6;363(6424):45–51. doi: 10.1038/363045a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Ellis C., Moran M., McCormick F., Pawson T. Phosphorylation of GAP and GAP-associated proteins by transforming and mitogenic tyrosine kinases. Nature. 1990 Jan 25;343(6256):377–381. doi: 10.1038/343377a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Feng G. S., Hui C. C., Pawson T. SH2-containing phosphotyrosine phosphatase as a target of protein-tyrosine kinases. Science. 1993 Mar 12;259(5101):1607–1611. doi: 10.1126/science.8096088. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Flynn D. C., Leu T. H., Reynolds A. B., Parsons J. T. Identification and sequence analysis of cDNAs encoding a 110-kilodalton actin filament-associated pp60src substrate. Mol Cell Biol. 1993 Dec;13(12):7892–7900. doi: 10.1128/mcb.13.12.7892. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Hirai H., Varmus H. E. Mutations in src homology regions 2 and 3 of activated chicken c-src that result in preferential transformation of mouse or chicken cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(21):8592–8596. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.21.8592. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Honda H., Shibuya M., Chiba S., Yazaki Y., Hirai H. Identification of novel protein-tyrosine phosphatases in a human leukemia cell line, F-36P. Leukemia. 1993 May;7(5):742–746. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kamps M. P., Sefton B. M. Identification of multiple novel polypeptide substrates of the v-src, v-yes, v-fps, v-ros, and v-erb-B oncogenic tyrosine protein kinases utilizing antisera against phosphotyrosine. Oncogene. 1988 Apr;2(4):305–315. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kanner S. B., Reynolds A. B., Wang H. C., Vines R. R., Parsons J. T. The SH2 and SH3 domains of pp60src direct stable association with tyrosine phosphorylated proteins p130 and p110. EMBO J. 1991 Jul;10(7):1689–1698. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1991.tb07693.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kaplan D. R., Morrison D. K., Wong G., McCormick F., Williams L. T. PDGF beta-receptor stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation of GAP and association of GAP with a signaling complex. Cell. 1990 Apr 6;61(1):125–133. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(90)90220-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kazlauskas A., Ellis C., Pawson T., Cooper J. A. Binding of GAP to activated PDGF receptors. Science. 1990 Mar 30;247(4950):1578–1581. doi: 10.1126/science.2157284. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kimura G., Itagaki A., Summers J. Rat cell line 3y1 and its virogenic polyoma- and sv40- transformed derivatives. Int J Cancer. 1975 Apr 15;15(4):694–706. doi: 10.1002/ijc.2910150419. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kirschmeier P. T., Housey G. M., Johnson M. D., Perkins A. S., Weinstein I. B. Construction and characterization of a retroviral vector demonstrating efficient expression of cloned cDNA sequences. DNA. 1988 Apr;7(3):219–225. doi: 10.1089/dna.1988.7.219. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Koch C. A., Anderson D., Moran M. F., Ellis C., Pawson T. SH2 and SH3 domains: elements that control interactions of cytoplasmic signaling proteins. Science. 1991 May 3;252(5006):668–674. doi: 10.1126/science.1708916. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Koch C. A., Moran M. F., Anderson D., Liu X. Q., Mbamalu G., Pawson T. Multiple SH2-mediated interactions in v-src-transformed cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Mar;12(3):1366–1374. doi: 10.1128/mcb.12.3.1366. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kozak M. Possible role of flanking nucleotides in recognition of the AUG initiator codon by eukaryotic ribosomes. Nucleic Acids Res. 1981 Oct 24;9(20):5233–5252. doi: 10.1093/nar/9.20.5233. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Kyte J., Doolittle R. F. A simple method for displaying the hydropathic character of a protein. J Mol Biol. 1982 May 5;157(1):105–132. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(82)90515-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Laemmli U. K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature. 1970 Aug 15;227(5259):680–685. doi: 10.1038/227680a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lehmann J. M., Riethmüller G., Johnson J. P. Nck, a melanoma cDNA encoding a cytoplasmic protein consisting of the src homology units SH2 and SH3. Nucleic Acids Res. 1990 Feb 25;18(4):1048–1048. doi: 10.1093/nar/18.4.1048. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Li W., Hu P., Skolnik E. Y., Ullrich A., Schlessinger J. The SH2 and SH3 domain-containing Nck protein is oncogenic and a common target for phosphorylation by different surface receptors. Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Dec;12(12):5824–5833. doi: 10.1128/mcb.12.12.5824. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lipsich L. A., Lewis A. J., Brugge J. S. Isolation of monoclonal antibodies that recognize the transforming proteins of avian sarcoma viruses. J Virol. 1983 Nov;48(2):352–360. doi: 10.1128/jvi.48.2.352-360.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Lowenstein E. J., Daly R. J., Batzer A. G., Li W., Margolis B., Lammers R., Ullrich A., Skolnik E. Y., Bar-Sagi D., Schlessinger J. The SH2 and SH3 domain-containing protein GRB2 links receptor tyrosine kinases to ras signaling. Cell. 1992 Aug 7;70(3):431–442. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90167-b. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Margolis B., Hu P., Katzav S., Li W., Oliver J. M., Ullrich A., Weiss A., Schlessinger J. Tyrosine phosphorylation of vav proto-oncogene product containing SH2 domain and transcription factor motifs. Nature. 1992 Mar 5;356(6364):71–74. doi: 10.1038/356071a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Matsuda M., Mayer B. J., Fukui Y., Hanafusa H. Binding of transforming protein, P47gag-crk, to a broad range of phosphotyrosine-containing proteins. Science. 1990 Jun 22;248(4962):1537–1539. doi: 10.1126/science.1694307. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Matsuda M., Mayer B. J., Hanafusa H. Identification of domains of the v-crk oncogene product sufficient for association with phosphotyrosine-containing proteins. Mol Cell Biol. 1991 Mar;11(3):1607–1613. doi: 10.1128/mcb.11.3.1607. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Matsuda M., Nagata S., Tanaka S., Nagashima K., Kurata T. Structural requirement of CRK SH2 region for binding to phosphotyrosine-containing proteins. Evidence from reactivity to monoclonal antibodies. J Biol Chem. 1993 Feb 25;268(6):4441–4446. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Matsuda M., Tanaka S., Nagata S., Kojima A., Kurata T., Shibuya M. Two species of human CRK cDNA encode proteins with distinct biological activities. Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Aug;12(8):3482–3489. doi: 10.1128/mcb.12.8.3482. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Matuoka K., Shibata M., Yamakawa A., Takenawa T. Cloning of ASH, a ubiquitous protein composed of one Src homology region (SH) 2 and two SH3 domains, from human and rat cDNA libraries. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1992 Oct 1;89(19):9015–9019. doi: 10.1073/pnas.89.19.9015. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mayer B. J., Hamaguchi M., Hanafusa H. A novel viral oncogene with structural similarity to phospholipase C. Nature. 1988 Mar 17;332(6161):272–275. doi: 10.1038/332272a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mayer B. J., Hanafusa H. Association of the v-crk oncogene product with phosphotyrosine-containing proteins and protein kinase activity. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Apr;87(7):2638–2642. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.7.2638. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mayer B. J., Hanafusa H. Mutagenic analysis of the v-crk oncogene: requirement for SH2 and SH3 domains and correlation between increased cellular phosphotyrosine and transformation. J Virol. 1990 Aug;64(8):3581–3589. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.8.3581-3589.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Meisenhelder J., Hunter T. The SH2/SH3 domain-containing protein Nck is recognized by certain anti-phospholipase C-gamma 1 monoclonal antibodies, and its phosphorylation on tyrosine is stimulated by platelet-derived growth factor and epidermal growth factor treatment. Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Dec;12(12):5843–5856. doi: 10.1128/mcb.12.12.5843. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Moran M. F., Koch C. A., Anderson D., Ellis C., England L., Martin G. S., Pawson T. Src homology region 2 domains direct protein-protein interactions in signal transduction. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(21):8622–8626. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.21.8622. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Morrison D. K., Kaplan D. R., Rhee S. G., Williams L. T. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-dependent association of phospholipase C-gamma with the PDGF receptor signaling complex. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 May;10(5):2359–2366. doi: 10.1128/mcb.10.5.2359. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Mount S. M. A catalogue of splice junction sequences. Nucleic Acids Res. 1982 Jan 22;10(2):459–472. doi: 10.1093/nar/10.2.459. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Muller A. J., Pendergast A. M., Havlik M. H., Puil L., Pawson T., Witte O. N. A limited set of SH2 domains binds BCR through a high-affinity phosphotyrosine-independent interaction. Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Nov;12(11):5087–5093. doi: 10.1128/mcb.12.11.5087. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Park D., Rhee S. G. Phosphorylation of Nck in response to a variety of receptors, phorbol myristate acetate, and cyclic AMP. Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Dec;12(12):5816–5823. doi: 10.1128/mcb.12.12.5816. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pawson T., Gish G. D. SH2 and SH3 domains: from structure to function. Cell. 1992 Oct 30;71(3):359–362. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90504-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Pelicci G., Lanfrancone L., Grignani F., McGlade J., Cavallo F., Forni G., Nicoletti I., Grignani F., Pawson T., Pelicci P. G. A novel transforming protein (SHC) with an SH2 domain is implicated in mitogenic signal transduction. Cell. 1992 Jul 10;70(1):93–104. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(92)90536-l. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Potts W. M., Vogt V. M. A simple method for immunoaffinity purification of nondenatured avian sarcoma and leukemia virus gag-containing proteins. Virology. 1987 Oct;160(2):494–497. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(87)90024-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Reichman C. T., Mayer B. J., Keshav S., Hanafusa H. The product of the cellular crk gene consists primarily of SH2 and SH3 regions. Cell Growth Differ. 1992 Jul;3(7):451–460. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sabe H., Okada M., Nakagawa H., Hanafusa H. Activation of c-Src in cells bearing v-Crk and its suppression by Csk. Mol Cell Biol. 1992 Oct;12(10):4706–4713. doi: 10.1128/mcb.12.10.4706. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sadowski I., Stone J. C., Pawson T. A noncatalytic domain conserved among cytoplasmic protein-tyrosine kinases modifies the kinase function and transforming activity of Fujinami sarcoma virus P130gag-fps. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Dec;6(12):4396–4408. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.12.4396. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Sartor O., Sameshima J. H., Robbins K. C. Differential association of cellular proteins with family protein-tyrosine kinases. J Biol Chem. 1991 Apr 5;266(10):6462–6466. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Songyang Z., Shoelson S. E., Chaudhuri M., Gish G., Pawson T., Haser W. G., King F., Roberts T., Ratnofsky S., Lechleider R. J. SH2 domains recognize specific phosphopeptide sequences. Cell. 1993 Mar 12;72(5):767–778. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(93)90404-e. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Towbin H., Staehelin T., Gordon J. Electrophoretic transfer of proteins from polyacrylamide gels to nitrocellulose sheets: procedure and some applications. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1979 Sep;76(9):4350–4354. doi: 10.1073/pnas.76.9.4350. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Tsuchie H., Chang C. H., Yoshida M., Vogt P. K. A newly isolated avian sarcoma virus, ASV-1, carries the crk oncogene. Oncogene. 1989 Nov;4(11):1281–1284. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wahl M. I., Daniel T. O., Carpenter G. Antiphosphotyrosine recovery of phospholipase C activity after EGF treatment of A-431 cells. Science. 1988 Aug 19;241(4868):968–970. doi: 10.1126/science.2457254. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
- Wu H., Parsons J. T. Cortactin, an 80/85-kilodalton pp60src substrate, is a filamentous actin-binding protein enriched in the cell cortex. J Cell Biol. 1993 Mar;120(6):1417–1426. doi: 10.1083/jcb.120.6.1417. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]