Skip to main content
PMC home page
Infection and Immunity logoLink to Infection and Immunity
. 1979 Feb;23(2):287–293. doi: 10.1128/iai.23.2.287-293.1979

Stimulation of T-independent antibody responses by hapten-lipopolysaccharides without repeating polymeric structure.

R R Skelly, P Munkenbeck, D C Morrison
PMCID: PMC414162  PMID: 311343

Abstract

The murine immune response to a haptenated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) lacking repeating oligosaccharide determinants was studied. The LPS was extracted from a rough strain of bacteria (Salmonella minnesota R595) and chemically haptenated with either trinitrophenol or fluorescein isothiocyanate. These preparations of hapten-R595 LPS were shown to be immunogenic. Furthermore, the immune response to the hapten was demonstrated to occur independent of T cells and was not merely the result of enhanced polyclonal B-cell activation. The capacity of such hapten-LPS conjugates without repeating polymeric structures to stimulate T-independent antibody responses provides information on the molecular requirements for the activation of murine B lymphocytes.

Full text

PDF
288

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Andersson J., Melchers F., Galanos C., Lüderitz O. The mitogenic effect of lipopolysaccharide on bone marrow-derived mouse lymphocytes. Lipid A as the mitogenic part of the molecule. J Exp Med. 1973 Apr 1;137(4):943–953. doi: 10.1084/jem.137.4.943. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Andersson J., Sjöberg O., Möller G. Induction of immunoglobulin and antibody synthesis in vitro by lipopolysaccharides. Eur J Immunol. 1972 Aug;2(4):349–353. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830020410. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. BENACERRAF B., LEVINE B. B. Immunological specificity of delayed and immediate hypersensitivity reactions. J Exp Med. 1962 May 1;115:1023–1036. doi: 10.1084/jem.115.5.1023. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Baker P. J., Stashak P. W., Amsbaugh D. F., Prescott B., Barth R. F. Evidence for the existence of two functionally distinct types of cells which regulate the antibody response to type 3 pneumococcal polysaccharide. J Immunol. 1970 Dec;105(6):1581–1583. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. CYNKIN M. A., ASHWELL G. Estimation of 3-deoxy sugars by means of the malonaldehyde-thiobarbituric acid reaction. Nature. 1960 Apr 9;186:155–156. doi: 10.1038/186155a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Coutinho A., Möller G. B cell mitogenic properties of thymus-independent antigens. Nat New Biol. 1973 Sep 5;245(140):12–14. doi: 10.1038/newbio245012a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Coutinho A., Möller G. Editorial: Immune activation of B cells: evidence for 'one nonspecific triggering signal' not delivered by the Ig receptors. Scand J Immunol. 1974;3(2):133–146. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Coutinho A., Möller G. Thymus-independent B-cell induction and paralysis. Adv Immunol. 1975;21:113–236. doi: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60220-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Cunningham A. J., Szenberg A. Further improvements in the plaque technique for detecting single antibody-forming cells. Immunology. 1968 Apr;14(4):599–600. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Desaymard C., Feldmann M. Lack of requirement for cell cooperation in the antibody response to DNP conjugated to levan. Cell Immunol. 1975 Mar;16(1):106–114. doi: 10.1016/0008-8749(75)90189-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Desaymard C., Feldmann M. Role of epitope density in the induction of immunity and tolerance with thymus-independent antigens. I. Studies with 2,4-dinitrophenyl conjugates in vitro. Eur J Immunol. 1975 Aug;5(8):537–541. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830050806. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Feldmann M., Easten A. The relationship between antigenic structure and the requirement for thymus-derived cells in the immune response. J Exp Med. 1971 Jul 1;134(1):103–119. doi: 10.1084/jem.134.1.103. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Feldmann M., Greaves M. F., Parker D. C., Rittenberg M. B. Direct triggering of B lymphocytes by insolubilized antigen. Eur J Immunol. 1974 Sep;4(9):591–597. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830040903. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Feldmann M. Induction of immunity and tolerance in vitro by hapten protein conjugates. I. The relationship between the degree of hapten conjugation and the immunogenicity of dinitrophenylated polymerized flagellin. J Exp Med. 1972 Apr 1;135(4):735–753. doi: 10.1084/jem.135.4.735. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Fidler J. M. In vivo immune response to TNP hapten coupled to thymus-independent carrier lipopolysaccharide. Cell Immunol. 1975 Apr;16(2):223–236. doi: 10.1016/0008-8749(75)90114-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Galanos C., Lüderitz O., Westphal O. A new method for the extraction of R lipopolysaccharides. Eur J Biochem. 1969 Jun;9(2):245–249. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1969.tb00601.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Greaves M., Janossy G. Elicitation of selective T and B lymphocyte responses by cell surface binding ligands. Transplant Rev. 1972;11:87–130. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-065x.1972.tb00047.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Jacobs D. M., Morrison D. C. Stimulation of a T-independent primary anti-hapten response in vitro by TNP-lipopolysaccharide (TNP-LPS). J Immunol. 1975 Jan;114(1 Pt 2):360–364. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Klaus G. G., Janossy G., Humphrey J. H. The immunological properties of haptens coupled to thymus-independent carrier molecules. III. The role of the immunogenicity and mitogenicity of the carrier in the induction of primary IgM anti-hapten responses. Eur J Immunol. 1975 Feb;5(2):105–111. doi: 10.1002/eji.1830050207. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Miranda J. J. Studies on immunological paralysis. IX. The immunogenicity and tolerogenicity of levan (polyfructose) in mice. Immunology. 1972 Dec;23(6):829–842. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Morrison D. C., Betz S. J., Jacobs D. M. Isolation of a lipid A bound polypeptide responsible for "LPS-initiated" mitogenesis of C3H/HeJ spleen cells. J Exp Med. 1976 Sep 1;144(3):840–846. doi: 10.1084/jem.144.3.840. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Möller G., Gronowicz E., Persson U., Coutinho A., Möller E., Hammarström L., Smith E. Spleen cells from animals tolerant to a thymus-dependent antigen can be activated by lipopolysaccharide to synthesize antibodies against the tolerogen. J Exp Med. 1976 Jun 1;143(6):1429–1438. doi: 10.1084/jem.143.6.1429. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Mühlradt P. F., Wray V., Lehmann V. A 31P-nuclear-magnetic-resonance study of the phosphate groups in lipopolysaccharide and lipid A from Salmonella. Eur J Biochem. 1977 Nov 15;81(1):193–203. doi: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1977.tb11941.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Rittenberg M. B., Pratt K. L. Antitrinitrophenyl (TNP) plaque assay. Primary response of Balb/c mice to soluble and particulate immunogen. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1969 Nov;132(2):575–581. doi: 10.3181/00379727-132-34264. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Sharon R., McMaster P. R., Kask A. M., Owens J. D., Paul W. E. DNP-Lys-ficoll: a T-independent antigen which elicits both IgM and IgG anti-DNP antibody-secreting cells. J Immunol. 1975 May;114(5):1585–1589. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Sultzer B. M., Goodman G. W. Endotoxin protein: a B-cell mitogen and polyclonal activator of C3H/HeJ lymphocytes. J Exp Med. 1976 Sep 1;144(3):821–827. doi: 10.1084/jem.144.3.821. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Infection and Immunity are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES