Skip to main content
PMC home page
Infection and Immunity logoLink to Infection and Immunity
. 1977 Feb;15(2):429–435. doi: 10.1128/iai.15.2.429-435.1977

In vivo and in vitro cell-mediated immune responses to a cell wall antigen of Blastomyces dermatitidis.

F Deighton, R A Cox, N K Hall, H W Larsh
PMCID: PMC421386  PMID: 321349

Abstract

An alkali-soluble, water-soluble cell wall fraction of Blastomyces dermatitidis, designated B-ASWS, was evaluated as an antigen for detecting in vivo (skin tests) and in vitro migration inhibition factor (MIF) production and lymphocyte transformation (LT) responses in Blastomyces-infected guinea pigs. The biological activity of B-ASWS was compared with that of blastomycin KCB-26. The superiority of B-ASWS, in terms of its sensitivity and specificity, was evident in in vivo and in vitro assays. Skin tests responses were obtained in 21 of the 24 Blastomyces-infected guinea pigs, whereas only one of the 14 Histoplasma-infected guinea pigs were significantly greater than those obtained using cell populations from Histoplasma-infected or noninfected guinea pigs. The con-MIF and LT in peritoneal exudate cells and lymph node cells of homologuosly infected animals. In each biological system, the response of the Blastomyces-infected guinea pigs were significantly greater than those obtained using cell populations from Histoplasma-infected or non-infected guinea pigs. The contrasting efficacy of B-ASWS as compared with blastomycin KCB-26, suggests that the cell wall antigen will be a useful tool for detecting cell-mediated immune responses in blastomycosis.

Full text

PDF
430

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Balows A., Deuschle K. W., Nedde N. R., Mersack I. P., Watson K. A. Skin tests in blastomycosis. A comparative study. Arch Environ Health. 1966 Jul;13(1):86–90. doi: 10.1080/00039896.1966.10664513. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Cox R. A., Larsh H. W. Isolation of skin test-active preparations from yeast-phase cells of Blastomyces dermatitidis. Infect Immun. 1974 Jul;10(1):42–47. doi: 10.1128/iai.10.1.42-47.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Cox R. A., Larsh H. W. Yeast- and mycelial-phase antigens of Blastomyces dermatitidis: comparison using disc gel electrophoresis. Infect Immun. 1974 Jul;10(1):48–53. doi: 10.1128/iai.10.1.48-53.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. DYSON J. E., Jr, EVANS E. E. Delayed hypersensitivity in experimental fungus infections: the skin reactivity of antigens from the yeast phase of Blastomyces dermatitidis. J Invest Dermatol. 1955 Apr;24(4):447–454. doi: 10.1038/jid.1955.60. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Domer J. E. In vivo and in virto cellular responses to cytoplasmic and cell wall antigens of Histoplasma capsulatum in artificially immunized or infected guinea pigs. Infect Immun. 1976 Mar;13(3):790–799. doi: 10.1128/iai.13.3.790-799.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Goodman N. L., Larsh H. W., Palmer C. E. Cross reactivity in skin testing with histoplasmin. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1971 Aug;104(2):258–260. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1971.104.2.258. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gregerson D. S., Kelly B., Levy J. G. Responses of guinea-pig lymphocytes to mitogens, an antigen, and mixed leucocyte culture in media with and without mercaptoethanol and foetal calf serum. Immunology. 1975 Aug;29(2):237–246. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Harrington J. T., Jr, Stastny P. Macrophage migration from an agarose droplet: development of a micromethod for assay of delayed hypersensitivity. J Immunol. 1973 Mar;110(3):752–759. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. KNIGHT R. A., CORAY S., MARCUS S. Histoplasma capsulatum and Blastomyces dermatitidis polysaccharide skin tests on humans. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1959 Aug;80:264–266. doi: 10.1164/arrd.1959.80.2.264. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. KNIGHT R. A., MARCUS S. Polysaccharide skin test antigens derived from Histoplasma capsulatum and Blastomyces dermatitidis. Am Rev Tuberc. 1958 Jun;77(6):983–989. doi: 10.1164/artpd.1958.77.6.983. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Kobayashi G. S., Pappagianis D. Preparation and standardization of antigens of Histoplasma capsulatum and Coccidioides immitis. Mycopathol Mycol Appl. 1970;41(1):139–153. doi: 10.1007/BF02051490. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Lancaster M. V., Sprouse R. F. Preparative isotachophoretic separation of skin test antigens from blastomycin purified derivative. Infect Immun. 1976 Mar;13(3):758–762. doi: 10.1128/iai.13.3.758-762.1976. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. MARCUS S., HILL G. A., KNIGHT R. A. Antigens of Blastomyces. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1960 Aug 27;89:193–201. doi: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1960.tb20142.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. MARTIN D. S. Evaluation of skin tests and serologic methods in fungus infections. J Chronic Dis. 1957 May;5(5):580–591. doi: 10.1016/0021-9681(57)90100-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Phillips S. M., Zweiman B. Characteristics of the in vitro response of guinea pig blood lymphocytes to PHA and antigen. J Immunol. 1970 Jul;105(1):204–214. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Reiss E., Stone S. H., Hasenclever H. F. Serological and cellular immune activity of peptidoglucomannan fractions of Candida albicans cell walls. Infect Immun. 1974 May;9(5):881–890. doi: 10.1128/iai.9.5.881-890.1974. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Rocklin R. E., MacDermott R. P., Chess L., Schlossman S. F., David J. R. Studies on mediator production by highly purified human T and B lymphocytes. J Exp Med. 1974 Nov 1;140(5):1303–1316. doi: 10.1084/jem.140.5.1303. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Roos D., Loos J. A. Changes in the carbohydrate metabolism of mitogenically stimulated human peripheral lymphocytes. I. Stimulation by phytohaemagglutinin. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1970 Dec 29;222(3):565–582. doi: 10.1016/0304-4165(70)90182-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. SMITH C. E. Analogy of coccidioidin and histoplasmin sensitivity. Public Health Monogr. 1956;39:173–178. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. SMITH C. E., SAITO M. T. Histoplasmin sensitivity and coccidioidal infection; occurrence of cross-reaction. Am J Public Health Nations Health. 1949 Jun;39(6):722–736. doi: 10.2105/ajph.39.6.722. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Thestrup-Pedersen K. Temporary suppression of lymphocyte transformation after tuberculin skin testing. Immunology. 1974 Dec;27(6):965–971. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Ward E. R., Jr, Cox R. A., Schmitt J. A., Jr, Huppert M., Sun S. H. Delayed-type hypersensitivity responses to a cell wall fraction of the mycelial phase of Coccidioides immitis. Infect Immun. 1975 Nov;12(5):1093–1097. doi: 10.1128/iai.12.5.1093-1097.1975. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Yoshida T., Sonozaki H., Cohen S. The production of migration inhibition factor by B and T cells of the guinea pig. J Exp Med. 1973 Oct 1;138(4):784–797. doi: 10.1084/jem.138.4.784. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Infection and Immunity are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES