Skip to main content
PMC home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1995 Feb 28;92(5):1362–1366. doi: 10.1073/pnas.92.5.1362

The U3 promoter region of the acutely lethal simian immunodeficiency virus clone smmPBj1.9 confers related biological activity on the apathogenic clone agm3mc.

M T Dittmar 1, K Cichutek 1, P N Fultz 1, R Kurth 1
PMCID: PMC42519  PMID: 7877983

Abstract

Infection with the acutely pathogenic molecular virus clone SIVsmmPBj1.9, cloned from isolate PBj14 of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) from sooty mangabey monkeys (Cercocebus atys), leads to acute viral and often lethal disease within days or weeks. SIVsmmPBj1.9 has the unique property of replicating in nonstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells from pig-tailed macaques. In contrast, molecular virus clone SIVagm3mc of SIV from African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops), which is apathogenic in its natural host and in pig-tailed macaques, is unable to grow in nonstimulated peripheral blood cells. Chimeric proviruses were constructed by exchanging defined regions of SIVagm3mc against comparable regions of SIVsmmPBj1.9. Four of five hybrid viruses generated by transfection into the CD4-positive T-cell line C8166 replicated in T-cell lines permissive for SIVagm3mc replication and in stimulated peripheral blood cells from pig-tailed macaques and from African green monkeys. Three hybrid viruses displayed the distinct biological property of SIVsmmPBj14 to replicate in nonstimulated peripheral blood cells from pig-tailed macaques and from African green monkeys. Replication in nonstimulated peripheral blood cells was dependent on the presence of the U3 promoter region of SIVsmmPBj1.9 within the viral long terminal repeat.

Full text

PDF
1365

Images in this article

1363Fig. 1
on p.1363

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bagnarelli P., Menzo S., Manzin A., Giacca M., Varaldo P. E., Clementi M. Detection of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genomic RNA in plasma samples by reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. J Med Virol. 1991 Jun;34(2):89–95. doi: 10.1002/jmv.1890340204. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Baier M., Dittmar M. T., Cichutek K., Kurth R. Development of vivo of genetic variability of simian immunodeficiency virus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1991 Sep 15;88(18):8126–8130. doi: 10.1073/pnas.88.18.8126. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Baier M., Garber C., Müller C., Cichutek K., Kurth R. Complete nucleotide sequence of a simian immunodeficiency virus from African green monkeys: a novel type of intragroup divergence. Virology. 1990 May;176(1):216–221. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(90)90246-n. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Baier M., Werner A., Cichutek K., Garber C., Müller C., Kraus G., Ferdinand F. J., Hartung S., Papas T. S., Kurth R. Molecularly cloned simian immunodeficiency virus SIVagm3 is highly divergent from other SIVagm isolates and is biologically active in vitro and in vivo. J Virol. 1989 Dec;63(12):5119–5123. doi: 10.1128/jvi.63.12.5119-5123.1989. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cichutek K., Norley S. Lack of immune suppression in SIV-infected natural hosts. AIDS. 1993;7 (Suppl 1):S25–S35. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Dewhurst S., Embretson J. E., Anderson D. C., Mullins J. I., Fultz P. N. Sequence analysis and acute pathogenicity of molecularly cloned SIVSMM-PBj14. Nature. 1990 Jun 14;345(6276):636–640. doi: 10.1038/345636a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Dewhurst S., Embretson J. E., Fultz P. N., Mullins J. I. Molecular clones from a non-acutely pathogenic derivative of SIVsmmPBj14: characterization and comparison to acutely pathogenic clones. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Jun;8(6):1179–1187. doi: 10.1089/aid.1992.8.1179. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Fukasawa M., Miura T., Hasegawa A., Morikawa S., Tsujimoto H., Miki K., Kitamura T., Hayami M. Sequence of simian immunodeficiency virus from African green monkey, a new member of the HIV/SIV group. Nature. 1988 Jun 2;333(6172):457–461. doi: 10.1038/333457a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Fultz P. N., Anderson D. C., McClure H. M., Dewhurst S., Mullins J. I. SIVsmm infection of macaque and mangabey monkeys: correlation between in vivo and in vitro properties of different isolates. Dev Biol Stand. 1990;72:253–258. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Fultz P. N., McClure H. M., Anderson D. C., Switzer W. M. Identification and biologic characterization of an acutely lethal variant of simian immunodeficiency virus from sooty mangabeys (SIV/SMM). AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1989 Aug;5(4):397–409. doi: 10.1089/aid.1989.5.397. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Fultz P. N. Replication of an acutely lethal simian immunodeficiency virus activates and induces proliferation of lymphocytes. J Virol. 1991 Sep;65(9):4902–4909. doi: 10.1128/jvi.65.9.4902-4909.1991. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hartung S., Boller K., Cichutek K., Norley S. G., Kurth R. Quantitation of a lentivirus in its natural host: simian immunodeficiency virus in African green monkeys. J Virol. 1992 Apr;66(4):2143–2149. doi: 10.1128/jvi.66.4.2143-2149.1992. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hirsch V. M., Olmsted R. A., Murphey-Corb M., Purcell R. H., Johnson P. R. An African primate lentivirus (SIVsm) closely related to HIV-2. Nature. 1989 Jun 1;339(6223):389–392. doi: 10.1038/339389a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Horton R. M., Hunt H. D., Ho S. N., Pullen J. K., Pease L. R. Engineering hybrid genes without the use of restriction enzymes: gene splicing by overlap extension. Gene. 1989 Apr 15;77(1):61–68. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(89)90359-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Israel Z. R., Dean G. A., Maul D. H., O'Neil S. P., Dreitz M. J., Mullins J. I., Fultz P. N., Hoover E. A. Early pathogenesis of disease caused by SIVsmmPBj14 molecular clone 1.9 in macaques. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1993 Mar;9(3):277–286. doi: 10.1089/aid.1993.9.277. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Johnson P. R., Fomsgaard A., Allan J., Gravell M., London W. T., Olmsted R. A., Hirsch V. M. Simian immunodeficiency viruses from African green monkeys display unusual genetic diversity. J Virol. 1990 Mar;64(3):1086–1092. doi: 10.1128/jvi.64.3.1086-1092.1990. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Kovalic D., Kwak J. H., Weisblum B. General method for direct cloning of DNA fragments generated by the polymerase chain reaction. Nucleic Acids Res. 1991 Aug 25;19(16):4560–4560. doi: 10.1093/nar/19.16.4560. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Kraus G., Werner A., Baier M., Binniger D., Ferdinand F. J., Norley S., Kurth R. Isolation of human immunodeficiency virus-related simian immunodeficiency viruses from African green monkeys. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Apr;86(8):2892–2896. doi: 10.1073/pnas.86.8.2892. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. König H., Behr E., Löwer J., Kurth R. Azidothymidine triphosphate is an inhibitor of both human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase and DNA polymerase gamma. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1989 Dec;33(12):2109–2114. doi: 10.1128/aac.33.12.2109. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. McClure H. M., Anderson D. C., Fultz P. N., Ansari A. A., Lockwood E., Brodie A. Spectrum of disease in macaque monkeys chronically infected with SIV/SMM. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 1989 May;21(1):13–24. doi: 10.1016/0165-2427(89)90126-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Myers G., MacInnes K., Korber B. The emergence of simian/human immunodeficiency viruses. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1992 Mar;8(3):373–386. doi: 10.1089/aid.1992.8.373. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Norley S. G., Kraus G., Ennen J., Bonilla J., König H., Kurth R. Immunological studies of the basis for the apathogenicity of simian immunodeficiency virus from African green monkeys. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1990 Nov;87(22):9067–9071. doi: 10.1073/pnas.87.22.9067. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Novembre F. J., Johnson P. R., Lewis M. G., Anderson D. C., Klumpp S., McClure H. M., Hirsch V. M. Multiple viral determinants contribute to pathogenicity of the acutely lethal simian immunodeficiency virus SIVsmmPBj variant. J Virol. 1993 May;67(5):2466–2474. doi: 10.1128/jvi.67.5.2466-2474.1993. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Novembre F. J., Saucier M. M., Hirsch V. M., Johnson P. R., McClure H. M. Viral genetic determinants in SIVsmmPBj pathogenesis. J Med Primatol. 1994 Feb-May;23(2-3):136–145. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0684.1994.tb00114.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES