Abstract
In long-term experiments with differentially salinized nutrient solutions, plants of Lycopersicon esculentum Mill cv. Walter failed at Na+ concentrations of 200 millimolar or more but tolerated K+ concentrations of that magnitude. The behavior of the wild, salt-tolerant Lycopersicon cheesmanii (Hook) C. H. Mull., accession number 1401, was diametrically different; it tolerated Na+ at 200 millimolar, but K+ at the same concentration proved toxic to it.
Short-term comparative studies on the absorption and translocation of Na+, K+, and Cl− of the two species were carried out using radioactive tracers with excised roots and whole plants. These studies showed that, under high salt conditions (50-100 millimolar NaCl), the tolerant 1401 freely accumulated Na+ in the shoot, while the salt-sensitive cultivar excluded it from the leaves, where it has been shown to be toxic.
In experiments where K+ was limiting, the salt-tolerant species could partially substitute Na+ for K+. Sodium stimulated growth even when K+ was present at adequate concentrations. The domestic cultivar could not substitute Na+ for K+ and showed no similar growth stimulation when Na+ was added in the presence of adequate K+. The salt-tolerant 1401 was more efficient in K+ absorption than was the domestic cultivar at both low and moderate ambient K+ concentrations.
The two species differed little in their chloride relations.
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