Skip to main content
PMC home page
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America logoLink to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
. 1974 Sep;71(9):3345–3349. doi: 10.1073/pnas.71.9.3345

Purification of Naked Intranuclear Particles from Human Liver Infected by Hepatitis B Virus

Shalom Z Hirschman *, Michael Gerber †,‡, Esther Garfinkel *
PMCID: PMC433768  PMID: 4530305

Abstract

The isolation and purification of the naked intranuclear particles of a human liver infected with hepatitis B virus is described. The particles had a diameter of 27-28 nm, were hexagonal, and showed the presence of capsomeres and spikes with lengths of 7-10 nm projecting from the surfaces. The particles formed cubic arrays with center-to-center distances of 40-42 nm. The overall particle symmetry was icosahedral. The ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the particles showed a peak at 264 nm with a shoulder at 280 nm. Endogenous DNA polymerase activity was not detected in fractions containing particles. DNA polymerase activity was present when activated DNA or d(A-T)n was used as exogenous template.

Keywords: hepatitis B antigen, DNA polymerase, transmission electron microscopy, immunofluorescence

Full text

PDF
3349

Images in this article

3346Image
on p.3346
3346Image
on p.3346

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Almeida J. D. Electron microscopic observations and speculations on Australia antigen. Postgrad Med J. 1971 Jul;47(549):484–487. doi: 10.1136/pgmj.47.549.484. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Almeida J. D., Rubenstein D., Stott E. J. New antigen-antibody system in Australia-antigen-positive hepatitis. Lancet. 1971 Dec 4;2(7736):1225–1227. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)90543-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Bayer M. E., Blumberg B. S., Werner B. Particles associated with Australia antigen in the sera of patients with leukaemia, Down's Syndrome and hepatitis. Nature. 1968 Jun 15;218(5146):1057–1059. doi: 10.1038/2181057a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Blumberg B. S., Gerstley B. J., Hungerford D. A., London W. T., Sutnick A. I. A serum antigen (Australia antigen) in Down's syndrome, leukemia, and hepatitis. Ann Intern Med. 1967 May;66(5):924–931. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-66-5-924. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. CHAUVEAU J., MOULE Y., ROUILLER C. Isolation of pure and unaltered liver nuclei morphology and biochemical composition. Exp Cell Res. 1956 Aug;11(2):317–321. doi: 10.1016/0014-4827(56)90107-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Dane D. S., Cameron C. H., Briggs M. Virus-like particles in serum of patients with Australia-antigen-associated hepatitis. Lancet. 1970 Apr 4;1(7649):695–698. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(70)90926-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gallo R. C. Reverse transcriptase, the DNA polymerase of oncogenic RNA viruses. Nature. 1971 Nov 26;234(5326):194–198. doi: 10.1038/234194a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Gerber M. A., Brodin A., Steinberg D., Vernace S., Yang C. P., Paronetto F. Periarteritis nodosa, Australia antigen and lymphatic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 1972 Jan 6;286(1):14–17. doi: 10.1056/NEJM197201062860103. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Gerber M. A., Schaffner F., Paronetto F. Immuno-electron microscopy of hepatitis B antigen in liver. 1. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1972 Sep;140(4):1334–1339. doi: 10.3181/00379727-140-36669. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Hirschman S. Z. Inhibitors of viral nucleic acid transcriptases. Trans N Y Acad Sci. 1971 Jun;33(6):595–606. doi: 10.1111/j.2164-0947.1971.tb02625.x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Hirschman S. Z., Schwartz J., Vernace S., Schaffner F., Ganz C. An electron microscopic study of the structural polymorphism of hepatitis B antigen. J Infect Dis. 1973 Nov;128(5):605–617. doi: 10.1093/infdis/128.5.605. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Hirschman S. Z., Vernace S. J., Schaffner F. D.N.A. polymerase in preparations containing Australia antigen. Lancet. 1971 May 29;1(7709):1099–1103. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(71)91839-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Hoofnagle J. H., Gerety R. J., Barker L. F. Antibody to hepatitis-B-virus core in man. Lancet. 1973 Oct 20;2(7834):869–873. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(73)92004-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Huang S. N., Groh V. Immunoagglutination electron microscopic study on virus-like particles and Australia antigen in liver tissue. Lab Invest. 1973 Oct;29(4):353–366. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Huang S. Hepatitis-associated antigen hepatitis. An electron microscopic study of virus-like particles in liver cells. Am J Pathol. 1971 Sep;64(3):483–492. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Kaplan P. M., Greenman R. L., Gerin J. L., Purcell R. H., Robinson W. S. DNA polymerase associated with human hepatitis B antigen. J Virol. 1973 Nov;12(5):995–1005. doi: 10.1128/jvi.12.5.995-1005.1973. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. LOWRY O. H., ROSEBROUGH N. J., FARR A. L., RANDALL R. J. Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265–275. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Lazarus L. H., Kitron N. Letter: Cytoplasmic DNA polymerase: polymeric forms and their conversion into an active monomer resembling nuclear DNA polymerase. J Mol Biol. 1973 Dec 25;81(4):529–534. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(73)90522-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Le Bouvier G. L. The heterogeneity of Australia antigen. J Infect Dis. 1971 Jun;123(6):671–675. doi: 10.1093/infdis/123.6.671. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Lipman M. B., Hierholzer W. J., Jr, Schluederberg A. Isolation of cores from hepatitis B Dane particles. J Infect Dis. 1973 Nov;128(5):664–667. doi: 10.1093/infdis/128.5.664. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Loeb L. A., Williams R. O., Sutnick A. I., O'Connell A., Millman I. DNA polymerase activity in human serum: studies with Australia Antigen. Proc Soc Exp Biol Med. 1973 Jun;143(2):519–525. doi: 10.3181/00379727-143-37356. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Nowoslawski A., Brzosko W. J., Madaliński K., Krawczyński K. Cellular localisation of Australia antigen in the liver of patients with lymphoproliferative disorders. Lancet. 1970 Mar 7;1(7645):494–498. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(70)91580-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Schlabach A., Fridlender B., Bolden A., Weissbach A. DNA-dependent DNA polymerases from HeLa cell nuclei. II. Template and substrate utilization. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1971 Aug 20;44(4):879–885. doi: 10.1016/0006-291x(71)90793-5. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America are provided here courtesy of National Academy of Sciences

RESOURCES