Skip to main content
The Journal of Clinical Investigation logoLink to The Journal of Clinical Investigation
. 1987 Sep;80(3):804–811. doi: 10.1172/JCI113137

Differential protooncogene expression characterizes histopathologically indistinguishable tumors of the peripheral nervous system.

C J Thiele, C McKeon, T J Triche, R A Ross, C P Reynolds, M A Israel
PMCID: PMC442306  PMID: 2887586

Abstract

We have found highly predictable patterns of protooncogene expression in cell lines and tumor tissue of neuroblastoma (NB), a tumor of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). These patterns make it possible to recognize two different genetically definable subgroups among histopathologically indistinguishable tumors. Additionally, we have identified a difference in neurotransmitter biosynthetic enzyme activity in these two subgroups of NB. The patterns of protooncogene expression and neurotransmitter biosynthetic enzymes suggests that these tumors arise in different cells of the PNS.

Full text

PDF
804

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Aleshire S. L., Glick A. D., Cruz V. E., Bradley C. A., Parl F. F. Neuroblastoma in adults. Pathologic findings and clinical outcome. Arch Pathol Lab Med. 1985 Apr;109(4):352–356. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Biedler J. L., Helson L., Spengler B. A. Morphology and growth, tumorigenicity, and cytogenetics of human neuroblastoma cells in continuous culture. Cancer Res. 1973 Nov;33(11):2643–2652. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Biedler J. L., Roffler-Tarlov S., Schachner M., Freedman L. S. Multiple neurotransmitter synthesis by human neuroblastoma cell lines and clones. Cancer Res. 1978 Nov;38(11 Pt 1):3751–3757. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Bishop J. M. Cellular oncogenes and retroviruses. Annu Rev Biochem. 1983;52:301–354. doi: 10.1146/annurev.bi.52.070183.001505. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Bolen J. B., Rosen N., Israel M. A. Increased pp60c-src tyrosyl kinase activity in human neuroblastomas is associated with amino-terminal tyrosine phosphorylation of the src gene product. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Nov;82(21):7275–7279. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.21.7275. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Bolen J. W., Thorning D. Peripheral neuroepithelioma: a light and electron microscopic study. Cancer. 1980 Dec 1;46(11):2456–2462. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19801201)46:11<2456::aid-cncr2820461126>3.0.co;2-v. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Brodeur G. M., Green A. A., Hayes F. A., Williams K. J., Williams D. L., Tsiatis A. A. Cytogenetic features of human neuroblastomas and cell lines. Cancer Res. 1981 Nov;41(11 Pt 1):4678–4686. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Brodeur G. M., Seeger R. C., Schwab M., Varmus H. E., Bishop J. M. Amplification of N-myc in untreated human neuroblastomas correlates with advanced disease stage. Science. 1984 Jun 8;224(4653):1121–1124. doi: 10.1126/science.6719137. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Brodeur G. M., Sekhon G., Goldstein M. N. Chromosomal aberrations in human neuroblastomas. Cancer. 1977 Nov;40(5):2256–2263. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(197711)40:5<2256::aid-cncr2820400536>3.0.co;2-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Chen J. H. The proto-oncogene c-ets is preferentially expressed in lymphoid cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Nov;5(11):2993–3000. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.11.2993. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Dalla-Favera R., Bregni M., Erikson J., Patterson D., Gallo R. C., Croce C. M. Human c-myc onc gene is located on the region of chromosome 8 that is translocated in Burkitt lymphoma cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Dec;79(24):7824–7827. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.24.7824. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Dalla-Favera R., Gelmann E. P., Martinotti S., Franchini G., Papas T. S., Gallo R. C., Wong-Staal F. Cloning and characterization of different human sequences related to the onc gene (v-myc) of avian myelocytomatosis virus (MC29). Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Nov;79(21):6497–6501. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.21.6497. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. DePinho R. A., Legouy E., Feldman L. B., Kohl N. E., Yancopoulos G. D., Alt F. W. Structure and expression of the murine N-myc gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Mar;83(6):1827–1831. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.6.1827. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Donner L., Triche T. J., Israel M. A., Seeger R. C., Reynolds C. P. A panel of monoclonal antibodies which discriminate neuroblastoma from Ewing's sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, neuroepithelioma, and hematopoietic malignancies. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1985;175:347–366. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Eva A., Robbins K. C., Andersen P. R., Srinivasan A., Tronick S. R., Reddy E. P., Ellmore N. W., Galen A. T., Lautenberger J. A., Papas T. S. Cellular genes analogous to retroviral onc genes are transcribed in human tumour cells. Nature. 1982 Jan 14;295(5845):116–119. doi: 10.1038/295116a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Ghysdael J., Gegonne A., Pognonec P., Dernis D., Leprince D., Stehelin D. Identification and preferential expression in thymic and bursal lymphocytes of a c-ets oncogene-encoded Mr 54,000 cytoplasmic protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Mar;83(6):1714–1718. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.6.1714. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Hall A., Marshall C. J., Spurr N. K., Weiss R. A. Identification of transforming gene in two human sarcoma cell lines as a new member of the ras gene family located on chromosome 1. Nature. 1983 Jun 2;303(5916):396–400. doi: 10.1038/303396a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Hashimoto H., Enjoji M., Nakajima T., Kiryu H., Daimaru Y. Malignant neuroepithelioma (peripheral neuroblastoma). A clinicopathologic study of 15 cases. Am J Surg Pathol. 1983 Jun;7(4):309–318. doi: 10.1097/00000478-198306000-00002. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Hayward W. S., Neel B. G., Astrin S. M. Activation of a cellular onc gene by promoter insertion in ALV-induced lymphoid leukosis. Nature. 1981 Apr 9;290(5806):475–480. doi: 10.1038/290475a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Hu N., Messing J. The making of strand-specific M13 probes. Gene. 1982 Mar;17(3):271–277. doi: 10.1016/0378-1119(82)90143-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Hunter T. Oncogenes and proto-oncogenes: how do they differ? J Natl Cancer Inst. 1984 Oct;73(4):773–786. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Israel M. A., Thiele C., Whang-Peng J., Kao-Shan C. S., Triche T. J., Miser J. Peripheral neuroepithelioma: genetic analysis of tumor derived cell lines. Prog Clin Biol Res. 1985;175:161–170. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Israel M. A., Vanderryn D. F., Meltzer M. L., Martin M. A. Characterization of polyoma viral DNA sequences in polyoma-induced hamster tumor cell lines. J Biol Chem. 1980 Apr 25;255(8):3798–3805. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Jakobovits A., Schwab M., Bishop J. M., Martin G. R. Expression of N-myc in teratocarcinoma stem cells and mouse embryos. Nature. 1985 Nov 14;318(6042):188–191. doi: 10.1038/318188a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Kohl N. E., Gee C. E., Alt F. W. Activated expression of the N-myc gene in human neuroblastomas and related tumors. Science. 1984 Dec 14;226(4680):1335–1337. doi: 10.1126/science.6505694. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Kohl N. E., Kanda N., Schreck R. R., Bruns G., Latt S. A., Gilbert F., Alt F. W. Transposition and amplification of oncogene-related sequences in human neuroblastomas. Cell. 1983 Dec;35(2 Pt 1):359–367. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(83)90169-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Kohl N. E., Legouy E., DePinho R. A., Nisen P. D., Smith R. K., Gee C. E., Alt F. W. Human N-myc is closely related in organization and nucleotide sequence to c-myc. Nature. 1986 Jan 2;319(6048):73–77. doi: 10.1038/319073a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Lee W. H., Murphree A. L., Benedict W. F. Expression and amplification of the N-myc gene in primary retinoblastoma. 1984 May 31-Jun 6Nature. 309(5967):458–460. doi: 10.1038/309458a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Mackay B., Luna M. A., Butler J. J. Adult neuroblastoma. Electron microscopic observations in nine cases. Cancer. 1976 Mar;37(3):1334–1351. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(197603)37:3<1334::aid-cncr2820370314>3.0.co;2-y. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Reynolds C. P., Biedler J. L., Spengler B. A., Reynolds D. A., Ross R. A., Frenkel E. P., Smith R. G. Characterization of human neuroblastoma cell lines established before and after therapy. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1986 Mar;76(3):375–387. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Rigby P. W., Dieckmann M., Rhodes C., Berg P. Labeling deoxyribonucleic acid to high specific activity in vitro by nick translation with DNA polymerase I. J Mol Biol. 1977 Jun 15;113(1):237–251. doi: 10.1016/0022-2836(77)90052-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Rosen N., Bolen J. B., Schwartz A. M., Cohen P., DeSeau V., Israel M. A. Analysis of pp60c-src protein kinase activity in human tumor cell lines and tissues. J Biol Chem. 1986 Oct 15;261(29):13754–13759. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Ross R. A., Biedler J. L., Spengler B. A., Reis D. J. Neurotransmitter-synthesizing enzymes in 14 human neuroblastoma cell lines. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 1981 Sep;1(3):301–311. doi: 10.1007/BF00710685. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Rothberg P. G., Spandorfer J. M., Erisman M. D., Staroscik R. N., Sears H. F., Petersen R. O., Astrin S. M. Evidence that c-myc expression defines two genetically distinct forms of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Br J Cancer. 1985 Oct;52(4):629–632. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1985.237. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Schlesinger H. R., Gerson J. M., Moorhead P. S., Maguire H., Hummeler K. Establishment and characterization of human neuroblastoma cell lines. Cancer Res. 1976 Sep;36(9 PT1):3094–3100. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Schwab M., Alitalo K., Klempnauer K. H., Varmus H. E., Bishop J. M., Gilbert F., Brodeur G., Goldstein M., Trent J. Amplified DNA with limited homology to myc cellular oncogene is shared by human neuroblastoma cell lines and a neuroblastoma tumour. Nature. 1983 Sep 15;305(5931):245–248. doi: 10.1038/305245a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Schwab M., Varmus H. E., Bishop J. M. Human N-myc gene contributes to neoplastic transformation of mammalian cells in culture. Nature. 1985 Jul 11;316(6024):160–162. doi: 10.1038/316160a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Seeger R. C., Brodeur G. M., Sather H., Dalton A., Siegel S. E., Wong K. Y., Hammond D. Association of multiple copies of the N-myc oncogene with rapid progression of neuroblastomas. N Engl J Med. 1985 Oct 31;313(18):1111–1116. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198510313131802. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  39. Slamon D. J., Cline M. J. Expression of cellular oncogenes during embryonic and fetal development of the mouse. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Nov;81(22):7141–7145. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.22.7141. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  40. Slamon D. J., deKernion J. B., Verma I. M., Cline M. J. Expression of cellular oncogenes in human malignancies. Science. 1984 Apr 20;224(4646):256–262. doi: 10.1126/science.6538699. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  41. Southern E. M. Detection of specific sequences among DNA fragments separated by gel electrophoresis. J Mol Biol. 1975 Nov 5;98(3):503–517. doi: 10.1016/s0022-2836(75)80083-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  42. Taparowsky E., Suard Y., Fasano O., Shimizu K., Goldfarb M., Wigler M. Activation of the T24 bladder carcinoma transforming gene is linked to a single amino acid change. Nature. 1982 Dec 23;300(5894):762–765. doi: 10.1038/300762a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  43. Thiele C. J., Reynolds C. P., Israel M. A. Decreased expression of N-myc precedes retinoic acid-induced morphological differentiation of human neuroblastoma. 1985 Jan 31-Feb 6Nature. 313(6001):404–406. doi: 10.1038/313404a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  44. Tumilowicz J. J., Nichols W. W., Cholon J. J., Greene A. E. Definition of a continuous human cell line derived from neuroblastoma. Cancer Res. 1970 Aug;30(8):2110–2118. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  45. Varmus H. E. The molecular genetics of cellular oncogenes. Annu Rev Genet. 1984;18:553–612. doi: 10.1146/annurev.ge.18.120184.003005. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  46. West G. J., Uki J., Herschman H. R., Seeger R. C. Adrenergic, cholinergic, and inactive human neuroblastoma cell lines with the action-potential Na+ ionophore. Cancer Res. 1977 May;37(5):1372–1376. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  47. Westin E. H., Gallo R. C., Arya S. K., Eva A., Souza L. M., Baluda M. A., Aaronson S. A., Wong-Staal F. Differential expression of the amv gene in human hematopoietic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Apr;79(7):2194–2198. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.7.2194. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  48. Westin E. H., Wong-Staal F., Gelmann E. P., Dalla-Favera R., Papas T. S., Lautenberger J. A., Eva A., Reddy E. P., Tronick S. R., Aaronson S. A. Expression of cellular homologues of retroviral onc genes in human hematopoietic cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1982 Apr;79(8):2490–2494. doi: 10.1073/pnas.79.8.2490. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  49. Whang-Peng J., Triche T. J., Knutsen T., Miser J., Douglass E. C., Israel M. A. Chromosome translocation in peripheral neuroepithelioma. N Engl J Med. 1984 Aug 30;311(9):584–585. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198408303110907. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  50. Whang-Peng J., Triche T. J., Knutsen T., Miser J., Kao-Shan S., Tsai S., Israel M. A. Cytogenetic characterization of selected small round cell tumors of childhood. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1986 Apr 1;21(3):185–208. doi: 10.1016/0165-4608(86)90001-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  51. Yancopoulos G. D., Nisen P. D., Tesfaye A., Kohl N. E., Goldfarb M. P., Alt F. W. N-myc can cooperate with ras to transform normal cells in culture. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1985 Aug;82(16):5455–5459. doi: 10.1073/pnas.82.16.5455. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  52. Zimmerman K. A., Yancopoulos G. D., Collum R. G., Smith R. K., Kohl N. E., Denis K. A., Nau M. M., Witte O. N., Toran-Allerand D., Gee C. E. Differential expression of myc family genes during murine development. 1986 Feb 27-Mar 5Nature. 319(6056):780–783. doi: 10.1038/319780a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  53. de Klein A., van Kessel A. G., Grosveld G., Bartram C. R., Hagemeijer A., Bootsma D., Spurr N. K., Heisterkamp N., Groffen J., Stephenson J. R. A cellular oncogene is translocated to the Philadelphia chromosome in chronic myelocytic leukaemia. Nature. 1982 Dec 23;300(5894):765–767. doi: 10.1038/300765a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Clinical Investigation are provided here courtesy of American Society for Clinical Investigation

RESOURCES