Skip to main content
PMC home page
Journal of Clinical Pathology logoLink to Journal of Clinical Pathology
. 1976 Sep;29(9):782–787. doi: 10.1136/jcp.29.9.782

Polyacrylamide gel disc electrophoresis of alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in bone and liver disease.

T W Warnes, P Hine, G Kay
PMCID: PMC476179  PMID: 977779

Abstract

Acrylamide gel disc electrophoresis provides a reliable and reasonably rapid method of differentiating the raised serum alkaline phosphatase (AP) of bone origin from that of liver origin. The technique has been placed for the first time on a semiquantitative basis. Measurement of both band width and band position effectively distinguishes the bone from the liver isoenzyme, but band width provides superior discrimination. An origin band was seen in none of the normal subjects and in only 7% of patients with bone disease but was present in 78% of patients with liver disease, a highly significant increase. Fifty percent of normal individuals had a small-intestinal band in serum taken two hours after a meal, as did 35% of patients with liver disease, but the incidence of intestinal bands in bone disease was only 11%, significantly less than in the other two groups. The genetic control of small-intestinal AP in serum has been confirmed, but it has been demonstrated that the decrease of intestinal AP in bone disorders is not genetically determined.

Full text

PDF
784

Images in this article

784Image
on p.784
785Image
on p.785

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. ARFORS K. E., BECKMAN L., LUNDIN L. G. GENETIC VARIATIONS OF HUMAN SERUM PHOSPHATASES. Acta Genet Stat Med. 1963;13:89–94. doi: 10.1159/000151789. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Afonija A. O., Baron D. N. Plasma alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in hepatobiliary disease. J Clin Pathol. 1974 Nov;27(11):916–920. doi: 10.1136/jcp.27.11.916. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. CHIANDUSSI L., GREENE S. F., SHERLOCK S. Serum alkaline phosphatase fractions in hepato-biliary and bone diseases. Clin Sci. 1962 Jun;22:425–434. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Dunne J., Fennelly J. J., McGeeney K. Separation of alkaline phosphatase enzymes in human serum using gel-filtration (Sephadex G-200) techniques. Cancer. 1967 Jan;20(1):71–76. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(1967)20:1<71::aid-cncr2820200111>3.0.co;2-v. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Haussler M., Nagode L. A., Rasmussen H. Induction of intestinal brush border alkaline phosphatase by vitamin D and identity with ca-ATPase. Nature. 1970 Dec 19;228(5277):1199–1201. doi: 10.1038/2281199a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Jennings R. C., Brocklehurst D., Hirst M. A comparative study of alkaline phosphatase enzymes using starch-gel electrophoresis and sephadex gel-filtration with special reference to high molecular weight enzymes. Clin Chim Acta. 1970 Nov;30(2):509–517. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(70)90144-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. KIND P. R., KING E. J. Estimation of plasma phosphatase by determination of hydrolysed phenol with amino-antipyrine. J Clin Pathol. 1954 Nov;7(4):322–326. doi: 10.1136/jcp.7.4.322. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Kaplan M. M., Rogers L. Separation of human serum-alkaline-phosphatase isoenzymes by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Lancet. 1969 Nov 15;2(7629):1029–1031. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(69)90640-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Langman M. J., Leuthold E., Robson E. B., Harris J., Luffman J. E., Harris H. Influence of diet on the "intestinal" component of serum alkaline phosphatase in people of different ABO blood groups and secretor status. Nature. 1966 Oct 1;212(5057):41–43. doi: 10.1038/212041a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Linscheer W. G., Malagelada J. R., Fishman W. H. Diminished oleic acid absorption in man by L-phenylalanine inhibition of an intestinal phosphohydrolase. Nat New Biol. 1971 May 26;231(21):116–117. doi: 10.1038/newbio231116a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. MOSS D. W. Iso-enzymes of alkaline phosphatase in autolysed and butanol-extracted liver preparations. Nature. 1962 Mar 10;193:981–982. doi: 10.1038/193981a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Price C. P., Sammons H. G. The nature of the serum alkaline phosphatases in liver diseases. J Clin Pathol. 1974 May;27(5):392–398. doi: 10.1136/jcp.27.5.392. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Smith I., Lightstone P. J., Perry J. D. Separation of human tissue alkaline phosphatases by electrophoresis on acrylamide disc gels. Clin Chim Acta. 1968 Mar;19(3):499–505. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(68)90278-7. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Sussman H. H., Small P. A., Jr, Cotlove E. Human alkaline phosphatase. Immunochemical identification of organ-specific isoenzymes. J Biol Chem. 1968 Jan 10;243(1):160–166. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Sussman H. H. Source of the increased serum alkaline phosphatase activity in Paget's disease. Clin Chim Acta. 1970 Jan;27(1):121–124. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(70)90384-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Walker A. W., Pollard A. C. Observations on serum alkaline phosphatase electrophoretic patterns on polyacrylamide gel with particular reference to the effects of butanol extraction. Clin Chim Acta. 1971 Aug;34(1):19–29. doi: 10.1016/0009-8981(71)90062-3. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Warnes T. W. Alkaline phosphatase. Gut. 1972 Nov;13(11):926–937. doi: 10.1136/gut.13.11.926. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Wills M. R. Intestinal absorption of calcium. Lancet. 1973 Apr 14;1(7807):820–822. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(73)90616-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Clinical Pathology are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group

RESOURCES